Nutrition BIO 7

The ratio of body weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters)2 is the _____.

BMI

Direct calorimetry measures the amount of

body heat released by a person.

All of the following are reliable treatments for obesity except ______.

using diet pills

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?

*Direct calorimetry *Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age *Indirect calorimetry

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would

*also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise. *also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake.

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would

*also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake. *also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise.

Environmental factors that may promote obesity include

*stressful work conditions. *abundance of fast food establishments. *lack of safe outdoor recreation facilities.

The Body Mass Index is defined as ______.

*weight in pounds multiplied by 703 and divided by the square of the height in inches *weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters

There are approximately 3500 kcal in ______ of fat tissue.

1 pound

For a successful weight loss, an individual needs to decrease calorie intake, incorporate positive behaviors that promote health, and do ______.

150 to 300 minutes or more of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week

Approximately how many calories are in one pound of fat tissue?

3500

Which of the following may cause a person to become underweight?

A disease that damages the small intestine Excessive dieting Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer

The incidence of obesity in the United States, now considered an epidemic, has prompted the FDA to bring together which of the following sectors to tackle the obesity issue?

Academia Industry Government Public health community

Which of the following factors are used to calculate Estimated Energy Requirements for adults with the Food and Nutrition Board's formula?

Age Height Weight

_______ is the over-the-counter version of orlistat,a weight-loss medication that blocks the digestion of fat in the small intestine.

Alli

Having a high basal metabolic rate is a possible cause for

BMI less than 18.5.

Which of the following may cause a person to become underweight?

Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer Excessive dieting A disease that damages the small intestine

In general, weight loss decreases risk for which conditions?

Diabetes Hypertension Cancer

Indirect Direct ______ calorimetry predicts energy needs by measuring the amount of heat released by a person.

Direct

What type of calorimetry predicts energy needs by measuring the amount of heat released by a person. Indirect or Direct

Direct

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?

Direct calorimetry Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age Indirect calorimetry

Which of the following are strategies that could help a person control hunger between meals and snacks?

Eat meals and snacks more slowly. Consume foods high in fiber and water. Include lean protein in meals and snacks.

What are some strategies that are helpful with controlling hunger?

Eat slowly. Drink a glass of water before a meal. Consume a high-fiber snack.

The advantage of bariatric surgery is that the patient does not have to change his/her lifestyle following the surgery.

False

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the primarily plant-based, ______ approach.

High fiber

What part of the body closely monitors and regulates body fat?

Hypothalamus

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?

Indirect calorimetry Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age Direct calorimetry

Which is true regarding healthy body weight?

It can lead to a long and healthy life.

Choose examples of healthy social support that can make weight management easier.

Joining a group with similar weight loss goals Friends praising you for you accomplishment A RDN reminding you to record your food intake

Which of the following would NOT be a valid way to measure or estimate the amount of energy used by the body each day?

Measurement of food intake from the various food groups

Which would NOT be a valid way to measure or estimate the amount of energy used by the body each day?

Measurement of food intake from the various food groups

For many people who have lost weight, maintenance of weight loss is the hardest part. Select the "3 Ms" that assist efforts at weight maintenance.

Motivation Movement Monitoring

The public, private, and non-profit organizations are currently working together to find a solution to the public health crisis BLANK now considered an epidemic in the United States.

Obisity

Which of the following medications is currently approved by FDA for weight loss?

Orlistat.

Which of the following are ways that nurture, rather than nature, may promote obesity?

Physical inactivity High-fat diets

Which of the following individuals is in energy balance (equilibrium)?

Ray consumes 2400 kcal per day and expends 2400 kcal per day.

True or false: For an overweight or obese person, moderate weight loss is likely to lower blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and LDL cholesterol.

True

Treatment for overweight and obesity should be

a lifestyle change. long term.

Excess fat located near the ______ increases a person's risk for obesity-related chronic disease.

abdomen

The amount and location of ______ in the body are important predictors of cardiovascular disease risk.

adipose tissue

the factors that are environmental and can promote weight gain.

advertising culture social and economic status

Choose the factors that are environmental and can promote weight gain.

advertising social and economic status culture

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would

also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake. also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise.

Mindful eating involves _____.

awareness of food preparation recognizing physical hunger and satiety cues making wise eating decisions

A well-balanced weight loss program would recommend that the rate of weight loss should ______.

be slow and steady evaluate the need for further weight loss after 10% weight loss is achieved include a period of weight maintenance for a few months after 10% of body weight is lost

A well-balanced weight loss program would recommend that the rate of weight loss should ______.

be slow and steady include a period of weight maintenance for a few months after 10% of body weight is lost evaluate the need for further weight loss after 10% weight loss is achieved

A ______ is the instrument used to determine the calorie content of a food.

bomb calorimeter

For Drew, watching movies and eating popcorn go hand in hand, but he has resolved to stop eating popcorn at movies. Instead of eating popcorn, he plans to take a bag of grapes with him the next time he goes. This is an example of ______.

chain-breaking

Treatment for overweight and obesity is similar to treatment for ______.

chronic disease

A diet plan promoted in a fashion magazine states, "Eat all you want and lose 10 pounds in 2 weeks." This statement does NOT agree with sound weight loss recommendations, such as

control problem eating behaviors. set a goal of one pound weight loss per week.

Important components of a successful long-term weight loss include ______.

controlling calorie intake modifying problem behaviors engaging in regular physical activity

If height, weight, and physical activity level are held constant, energy requirements ______ as an adult ages.

decrease

A method that measures the amount of heat released by a person, usually in an insulated metabolic chamber surrounded by water is called ______.

direct calorimetry

The best way to ensure that extra calorie intake will support gains in lean mass rather than fat mass is to

engage in strength-training exercises.

Important components of a successful long-term weight loss include ______.

engaging in regular physical activity modifying problem behaviors controlling calorie intake

The energy input that is part of the energy balance equation includes calories from ______.

food intake

Various agencies have come together to help reverse the obesity epidemic. Recommendations from these groups include marketing programs that promote ______.

healthy eating active living

What two measurements are needed to evaluate Body Mass Index?

height weight

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the primarily plant-based, ______ approach.

high-fiber

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is ______ basal metabolic rate (BMR).

higher than

The method of estimating total body fat by weighing the individual on a standard scale and then weighing him or her submerged in water is known as ______.

hydrostatic weighing (underwater weighing)

What are some changes, other than calorie restriction, a person can make to be successful at weight loss?

identifying behaviors that lead to weight gain eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day drinking plenty of water

As lean muscle mass increases as a result of physical activity, metabolic rate

increases.

The dieting mania stems from ______.

lack of an appreciation for the natural variety in body shape and size unrealistic weight expectations

Treatment for overweight and obesity should involve healthy, active living with acceptable diet modifications that will promote weight ______ and later, weight ______.

loss; maintenance

The "3Ms" -- motivation, movement, and monitoring foster success at weight loss _____.

maintenance

The bomb calorimeter works by ______.

measuring the heat given off by a food as it is burned

A behavioral strategy that involves becoming aware of and enjoying the entire eating experience - from the origins of the food to the effects it has on the body - is called

mindful eating.

Three key components of a sound weight-loss program are control of calorie intake, increased physical activity, and ______.

modifying lifestyle behaviors

Metabolic rate, fuel use, and brain chemistry are all examples of the influence of ____ on body weight.

nature

Three factors that contribute the most to a successful long-term weight loss and maintenance plan?

nutrient-dense food intake regular physical activity high fiber intake

Being ______ will increase your risk for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, android fat distribution, and obesity-related diseases.

overweight

Improved sleep, reduced stress, and improved bone health are all benefits of ______.

physical activity

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the ______ approach.

primarily plant based, high-fiber

The benefits of physical activity include ______.

reducing stress improving bone health better sleep decreased risk for chronic disease

Which of the following are social systems that may be helpful with weight control?

registered dietitians weight control professionals supportive family members weight loss support groups

When assessing a person's metabolic rate, the ______ metabolic rate is calculated if the individual has not fasted and/or not rested for 12 hours prior to the test.

resting

Foods that are high in fiber and water promote

satiety.

The theory that says weight is maintained through internal regulatory controls making it difficult to lose weight is called the ______.

set-point theory

Drew walks past the vending machine on his way to his office. Often he is tempted to grab a snack when passing by. If Drew purposely enters his work place by a different entrance so he does not walk by the vending machines, he is applying the ______ concept of behavior modification.

stimulus control

The set-point theory of weight maintenance proposes that ______.

the body closely regulates the body weight and body fat content humans have a genetically predetermined body weight or body fat content

Why is a follow-up surgery often needed after bariatric surgery?

to remove excess skin after weight loss

True or false: For an overweight or obese person, moderate weight loss is likely to lower blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and LDL cholesterol.

true

True or false: Poverty in the United States is associated with obesity.

true

Which individual has a lower body fat if both individuals weigh 150 lbs. on dry land?

underwater weight = 5 pounds