Nutrition BIO 7
The ratio of body weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters)2 is the _____.
BMI
Direct calorimetry measures the amount of
body heat released by a person.
All of the following are reliable treatments for obesity except ______.
using diet pills
What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?
*Direct calorimetry *Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age *Indirect calorimetry
A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would
*also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise. *also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake.
A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would
*also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake. *also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise.
Environmental factors that may promote obesity include
*stressful work conditions. *abundance of fast food establishments. *lack of safe outdoor recreation facilities.
The Body Mass Index is defined as ______.
*weight in pounds multiplied by 703 and divided by the square of the height in inches *weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters
There are approximately 3500 kcal in ______ of fat tissue.
1 pound
For a successful weight loss, an individual needs to decrease calorie intake, incorporate positive behaviors that promote health, and do ______.
150 to 300 minutes or more of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week
Approximately how many calories are in one pound of fat tissue?
3500
Which of the following may cause a person to become underweight?
A disease that damages the small intestine Excessive dieting Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer
The incidence of obesity in the United States, now considered an epidemic, has prompted the FDA to bring together which of the following sectors to tackle the obesity issue?
Academia Industry Government Public health community
Which of the following factors are used to calculate Estimated Energy Requirements for adults with the Food and Nutrition Board's formula?
Age Height Weight
_______ is the over-the-counter version of orlistat,a weight-loss medication that blocks the digestion of fat in the small intestine.
Alli
Having a high basal metabolic rate is a possible cause for
BMI less than 18.5.
Which of the following may cause a person to become underweight?
Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer Excessive dieting A disease that damages the small intestine
In general, weight loss decreases risk for which conditions?
Diabetes Hypertension Cancer
Indirect Direct ______ calorimetry predicts energy needs by measuring the amount of heat released by a person.
Direct
What type of calorimetry predicts energy needs by measuring the amount of heat released by a person. Indirect or Direct
Direct
What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?
Direct calorimetry Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age Indirect calorimetry
Which of the following are strategies that could help a person control hunger between meals and snacks?
Eat meals and snacks more slowly. Consume foods high in fiber and water. Include lean protein in meals and snacks.
What are some strategies that are helpful with controlling hunger?
Eat slowly. Drink a glass of water before a meal. Consume a high-fiber snack.
The advantage of bariatric surgery is that the patient does not have to change his/her lifestyle following the surgery.
False
The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the primarily plant-based, ______ approach.
High fiber
What part of the body closely monitors and regulates body fat?
Hypothalamus
What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?
Indirect calorimetry Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age Direct calorimetry
Which is true regarding healthy body weight?
It can lead to a long and healthy life.
Choose examples of healthy social support that can make weight management easier.
Joining a group with similar weight loss goals Friends praising you for you accomplishment A RDN reminding you to record your food intake
Which of the following would NOT be a valid way to measure or estimate the amount of energy used by the body each day?
Measurement of food intake from the various food groups
Which would NOT be a valid way to measure or estimate the amount of energy used by the body each day?
Measurement of food intake from the various food groups
For many people who have lost weight, maintenance of weight loss is the hardest part. Select the "3 Ms" that assist efforts at weight maintenance.
Motivation Movement Monitoring
The public, private, and non-profit organizations are currently working together to find a solution to the public health crisis BLANK now considered an epidemic in the United States.
Obisity
Which of the following medications is currently approved by FDA for weight loss?
Orlistat.
Which of the following are ways that nurture, rather than nature, may promote obesity?
Physical inactivity High-fat diets
Which of the following individuals is in energy balance (equilibrium)?
Ray consumes 2400 kcal per day and expends 2400 kcal per day.
True or false: For an overweight or obese person, moderate weight loss is likely to lower blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and LDL cholesterol.
True
Treatment for overweight and obesity should be
a lifestyle change. long term.
Excess fat located near the ______ increases a person's risk for obesity-related chronic disease.
abdomen
The amount and location of ______ in the body are important predictors of cardiovascular disease risk.
adipose tissue
the factors that are environmental and can promote weight gain.
advertising culture social and economic status
Choose the factors that are environmental and can promote weight gain.
advertising social and economic status culture
A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would
also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake. also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise.
Mindful eating involves _____.
awareness of food preparation recognizing physical hunger and satiety cues making wise eating decisions
A well-balanced weight loss program would recommend that the rate of weight loss should ______.
be slow and steady evaluate the need for further weight loss after 10% weight loss is achieved include a period of weight maintenance for a few months after 10% of body weight is lost
A well-balanced weight loss program would recommend that the rate of weight loss should ______.
be slow and steady include a period of weight maintenance for a few months after 10% of body weight is lost evaluate the need for further weight loss after 10% weight loss is achieved
A ______ is the instrument used to determine the calorie content of a food.
bomb calorimeter
For Drew, watching movies and eating popcorn go hand in hand, but he has resolved to stop eating popcorn at movies. Instead of eating popcorn, he plans to take a bag of grapes with him the next time he goes. This is an example of ______.
chain-breaking
Treatment for overweight and obesity is similar to treatment for ______.
chronic disease
A diet plan promoted in a fashion magazine states, "Eat all you want and lose 10 pounds in 2 weeks." This statement does NOT agree with sound weight loss recommendations, such as
control problem eating behaviors. set a goal of one pound weight loss per week.
Important components of a successful long-term weight loss include ______.
controlling calorie intake modifying problem behaviors engaging in regular physical activity
If height, weight, and physical activity level are held constant, energy requirements ______ as an adult ages.
decrease
A method that measures the amount of heat released by a person, usually in an insulated metabolic chamber surrounded by water is called ______.
direct calorimetry
The best way to ensure that extra calorie intake will support gains in lean mass rather than fat mass is to
engage in strength-training exercises.
Important components of a successful long-term weight loss include ______.
engaging in regular physical activity modifying problem behaviors controlling calorie intake
The energy input that is part of the energy balance equation includes calories from ______.
food intake
Various agencies have come together to help reverse the obesity epidemic. Recommendations from these groups include marketing programs that promote ______.
healthy eating active living
What two measurements are needed to evaluate Body Mass Index?
height weight
The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the primarily plant-based, ______ approach.
high-fiber
Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is ______ basal metabolic rate (BMR).
higher than
The method of estimating total body fat by weighing the individual on a standard scale and then weighing him or her submerged in water is known as ______.
hydrostatic weighing (underwater weighing)
What are some changes, other than calorie restriction, a person can make to be successful at weight loss?
identifying behaviors that lead to weight gain eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day drinking plenty of water
As lean muscle mass increases as a result of physical activity, metabolic rate
increases.
The dieting mania stems from ______.
lack of an appreciation for the natural variety in body shape and size unrealistic weight expectations
Treatment for overweight and obesity should involve healthy, active living with acceptable diet modifications that will promote weight ______ and later, weight ______.
loss; maintenance
The "3Ms" -- motivation, movement, and monitoring foster success at weight loss _____.
maintenance
The bomb calorimeter works by ______.
measuring the heat given off by a food as it is burned
A behavioral strategy that involves becoming aware of and enjoying the entire eating experience - from the origins of the food to the effects it has on the body - is called
mindful eating.
Three key components of a sound weight-loss program are control of calorie intake, increased physical activity, and ______.
modifying lifestyle behaviors
Metabolic rate, fuel use, and brain chemistry are all examples of the influence of ____ on body weight.
nature
Three factors that contribute the most to a successful long-term weight loss and maintenance plan?
nutrient-dense food intake regular physical activity high fiber intake
Being ______ will increase your risk for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, android fat distribution, and obesity-related diseases.
overweight
Improved sleep, reduced stress, and improved bone health are all benefits of ______.
physical activity
The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the ______ approach.
primarily plant based, high-fiber
The benefits of physical activity include ______.
reducing stress improving bone health better sleep decreased risk for chronic disease
Which of the following are social systems that may be helpful with weight control?
registered dietitians weight control professionals supportive family members weight loss support groups
When assessing a person's metabolic rate, the ______ metabolic rate is calculated if the individual has not fasted and/or not rested for 12 hours prior to the test.
resting
Foods that are high in fiber and water promote
satiety.
The theory that says weight is maintained through internal regulatory controls making it difficult to lose weight is called the ______.
set-point theory
Drew walks past the vending machine on his way to his office. Often he is tempted to grab a snack when passing by. If Drew purposely enters his work place by a different entrance so he does not walk by the vending machines, he is applying the ______ concept of behavior modification.
stimulus control
The set-point theory of weight maintenance proposes that ______.
the body closely regulates the body weight and body fat content humans have a genetically predetermined body weight or body fat content
Why is a follow-up surgery often needed after bariatric surgery?
to remove excess skin after weight loss
True or false: For an overweight or obese person, moderate weight loss is likely to lower blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and LDL cholesterol.
true
True or false: Poverty in the United States is associated with obesity.
true
Which individual has a lower body fat if both individuals weigh 150 lbs. on dry land?
underwater weight = 5 pounds