Nutrition: Chapter 1 - Intro

Which of the following foods would be considered nutrient dense?

- baked potato - vegetarian pizza

True or False: There are only a few factors that influence a person's eating practices.

False

True or false: The FDA regulates dietary supplements as strictly as prescription medications.

False

Calorie

amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1g (1mL) of water 1 degree celsius (C)

A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means is called a(n)

element

A food that contains a large percentage of its calories from sugar, fat, and/or alcohol in relation to its content of micronutrients is considered a(n)

empty-calorie food

A nutrient that cannot be made by the body and must be supplied by food is considered ______.

essential

The life-sustaining substances in food are called ____

Nutrients

Malnutrition

(mal=bad) is a state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished

Choose examples of biological and physiological factors that influence food choices.

- ability to perceive internal sensory information -ability to perceive external sensory information -age

Select the ways grocery stores market their products

- end of aisle displays -selection of flooring material - positioning on shelves

What are the diseases that can develop as a result of poor eating habits?

- heart disease - type 2 diabetes -certain cancers

What is the most essential nutrient?

Water because the body can survive for only a few days without it

Dietary supplements are intended to____

be taken in addition to the diet

What is the term for a compound made by plants but not considered a nutrient?

phytochemical

Poor eating habits contribute to the development of ______.

- some types of cancer - heart disease -excess body fat -type 2 diabetes

What type of training has a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) completed?

- trained in diets - college trained with extensive knowledge in foods and nutrition

Choose the nutrients that provide energy to the body

-carbohydrate -protein -fat

Choose the nutrients that do not provide energy to the body

-minerals -water -vitamins

Lifestyle is a person's way of living that includes:

-physical activity habits -dietary practices

Nutrient-dense foods have little or no _____.

-refined starches -sodium -added sugars -solid fats

Element

A substance, such as carbon and oxygen, that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means

If an individual is so hungry that he resorts to eating insects, boiled leather, or even the dead bodies of people, what is primarily influencing his eating behavior?

Biological and physiological factors

What are examples of macronutrients?

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins because the body requires relatively large amounts of these nutrients daily (macro=large)

T or F: Nutrient adequacy is the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally

False

Calorie

The heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius

Kilocalorie

The heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of water 1 degree Celsius

True or false: Your lifestyle may increase or reduce your chance of developing a chronic disease.

True

What are examples of micronutrients?

Vitamins and minerals because the body needs very small amounts of them to function properly (micro=small)

The relationship between food and mood is____

complex

Certain ____ diseases can be cured by eating specific nutrients but diet is just one aspect that influences health

deficiency

Bomb calorimeter

device used to measure the calories in a sample of food

calories are measured through a process known as

direct calorimetry

Essentail nutrient

must be supplied by food because the body does not synthesize the nutrient or make enough to meet its needs

True or false: A healthy diet can be achieved even with foods that are considered unhealthy as long as they are consumed in moderation.

true

____ is the most essential nutrient.

water or H2O

What can help ensure nutritional adequacy in a diet?

-variety -balance

What are some examples of nutrient-dense foods?

-vegetables -low-fat milk -fruits -lean meants -whole-grain cereals

Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?

-water

The top two leading causes of death to Americans in relation to eating habits are

1. Heart disease 2. cancer

An essential nutrient must be supplied by food because ______

1. The body does not make the nutrient 2. The body does not make enough of the nutrient to meet its needs

A _ _ is used when measuring caloric content of a food through direct calorimetry

bomb calorimeter

A poor diet and physical inactivity will increase your risk of ______.

dying prematurely

Phytochemical

substances in plants that are not nutrients but may have healthful benefits

What percentage of the body's total weight is water?

50% to 70%

The information we know about the relationship between diet and health is _____.

constantly evolving

A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) ____ nutrient

essential

In 2011, _ _ was the leading cause of death in America

heart disease

What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?

physiological dose

Your childhood experiences, cost, convenience, mood, education, habits, beliefs, flavor, and media are all factors that influence your ______ choices.

food

By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may_____

lessen the severity of a disease

Which of the following is NOT a way that manufacturers target consumers?

Organization of nutrition label information

Nutrients

life-sustaining substances in food

What are examples of energy sources for the body?

Macronutrients and alcohol supply our bodies with energy in the form of calories

The body gets nutrients from ____

food

A nutritionally balanced diet with nutrient-dense foods should ________ empty-calorie items.

limit

The Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994 states that

nutrient supplements and herbal products are classified as foods

What term describes a food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value?

nutrient-dense

The body breaks food down into ______, such as carbohydrates, fat, and protein.

nutrients

Kilocalorie (kcal)

the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 g (1 Liter) of water 1 degree Celsius (C)