Nutrition chapter 4

A primary function of the digestive system is the

breakdown of food into nutrients

GI contains 2 musuclar layers

circular and longitinudial

Chyme moves from the stomach into the

duodenum

The ________ is a flap-like piece of tissue responsible for keeping a swallowed piece of food from entering the trachea.

epiglottis

leonard has a disease that causes his lacteals to become blocked. Based on this information, his

intestinal tract does not absorb much fat.

Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to ________ while he has this illness

lose weight more rapidly

The ________ sphincter closes after a bolus has been swallowed and enters the stomach. This sphincter is essential to prevent the contents of the stomach reentering the esophagus.

lower esophageal

Inner most layer is called

mucosa

The ________ cells of the gastric glands are important to protect the lining of the stomach from damage.

mucous

the lining of the small intestine is covered with ________, tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.

vili

Which of the following foods typically acts as a prebiotic?

whole grains

Which of the following statements about sphincters is false?

When a sphincter relaxes, the passageway closes to prevent movement of GI contents.

The condition in which a person cannot taste any food is called

ageusia

Avi's salivary glands do not secrete amylase. As a result of his condition, his body

cannot start starch digestion

Dorothy is an 85-year-old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has a(n)

condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioning.

Segmentation

helps mix chyme in the small intestine.

The ________ is important for transporting absorbed nutrients from the GI tract to the liver.

hepatic portal vein

Parietal cells secrete ions that form ________ in the stomach.

hydrochloric acid

Libby was born without salivary glands. As a result of this condition, she

has trouble tasting food

The ________ cells of the gastric glands synthesize and release intrinsic factor, which is necessary for vitamin B12 absorption.

parietal

Which of the following is not a function of cholecystokinin?

Control the secretion of mucus by the mucus cells