Nutrition : Fats
How many double bonds do monounsaturated fats have?
1
What is the structure of a triglyceride?
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
How much fat should athletes have in their diet?
20-25%
How much of your diet should be from fats?
20-35%
How many calories per gram do fats have?
9
What are fats?
A diverse class of organic substances that are insoluble in water.
What is Vitamin D good for?
Absorbing calcium for the bones
Where are saturated fatty acids found?
Animal Fats such as butter, milk, beef, egg, chicken, turkey, and tuna.
Where is cholesterol found?
Animal products
What is Vitamin E good for?
Antioxidants
What are sterols the building block for?
Bile, sex hormones, and Vitamin D
What is Vitamin K good for?
Blood clotting
What overall disease is mostly associated with fats?
Cardiovascular
What type of digestion does the body do with fats?
Chemical and Mechanical
What happens when there are less than .5 grams per serving of trans fat in foods?
Companies leave them out of the nutrition label.
What diseases are linked to cardiovascular disease?
Coronary heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and peripheral vascular disease
What do fats provide for the body?
Energy during rest, energy during exercise, energy storage, insulation, protection, and satisfaction after eating them.
True or False? Cholesterol is not a sterol.
False
True or False? Cis fats are straight.
False
True or False? Fats can dissolve in water.
False
True or False? Phospholipids are insoluble in water.
False
True or False? Saturated Fats are liquid at room temperature.
False
True or False? Saturated Fats have double bonds.
False
True or False? Trans fats are kinky.
False
True or False? Triglycerides are found in the stomach.
False
True or False? Unsaturated Fats are solid at room temperature.
False
True or False? Unsaturated Fats do not have double bonds.
False
True or False? Vitamins are insoluble in fat.
False
What are visible fats?
Fats we knowingly add to foods
What are phospholipids composed of?
Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a phosphate group
What takes place during the process of hydrogenation?
Hydrogen atoms are added to unsaturated fats.
What are trans fats listed as in ingredient lists?
Hydrogenated fat
What does atherosclerosis do?
Impairs blood flow.
Where do fats provide energy storage?
In adipose tissue
What do essential fatty acids control?
Inflammation
What are the four types of essential fatty acids?
Linoleic, Alpha-Linolenic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Docosahexaenoic
What starts the breakdown of fats?
Lipase
What is another name for fats?
Lipids
What are sterols?
Lipids containing multiple rings of carbon atoms
What organ in the body creates cholesterol regularly?
Liver
What does hydrogenation create?
Margarine from plant oils.
How many double bonds do polyunsaturated fats have?
More than 1
Do straight fatty acid chains have any double bonds?
No
What are the risk factors for cardiovascular disease?
Obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, type 2 diabetes, inflammation in the body, and abnormal blood lipids.
What does trans mean?
Opposite sides
Where are unsaturated fatty acids found?
Plants and Plant Oils.
What does cis mean?
Same side
What type of fat should you limit?
Saturated
What are hidden fats?
They are not visible in foods but are found in whole milk, cheese, pantries, cookies, cake, hot dogs, cracker, french fries and ice cream
What is true about fat replacers?
They do not help people lose weight
What type of fat should you avoid completely?
Trans
What are the three forms of fat?
Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols.
True or False? Cholesterol is a sterol.
True
True or False? Cis fats are kinky.
True
True or False? Fats cannot dissolve in water.
True
True or False? Phospholipids are soluble in water.
True
True or False? Saturated Fats are solid at room temperature.
True
True or False? Saturated Fats do not have double bonds.
True
True or False? Trans fats are straight.
True
True or False? Unsaturated Fats are liquid at room temperature.
True
True or False? Unsaturated Fats have double bonds.
True
True or False? Vitamins are soluble in fat.
True
True or False? Triglycerides are found everywhere in the body.
True.
What is Vitamin A good for?
Vision
Do kinky fatty acid chains have any double bonds?
Yes
What are the two essential fatty acids?
omega 3 and omega 6