nutrition final
Which of the following behaviors is a known risk factor for heart disease? 1. Smoking cigarettes 2. Being physically active 3. Consuming excess vitamin c 4. Eating a high-fiber diet
1
Which of the following statements is true? 1. Phytochemical are antioxidants produced by animal cells. 2. An essential nutrient must be supplied by the diet. 3. People develop scurvy when their diets lack vitamin E. 4. Under certain conditions, the human body can make iron, copper, and zinc.
2
Which of the following foods is not a source of phytochemicals? 1. Fresh blueberries 2. Cashew nuts 3. Whole-grain bread 4. Lean meat
4
An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the 1. amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population. 2 range of intake for a particular nutrient that is not likely to cause toxicity or deficiency. 3. a minimum amount of a nutrient that is safe to consume and cures the nutrient's deficiency disease. 4 percentage of a nutrient standard that is used for food labeling purposes.
1
Elisa weighs 62 kg, which is approximately _____ pounds. 1. 136 2. 152 3. 176 4. 202
1
Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a dietary supplement on muscle tissue development. Phil suspects he is in the experimental group because he is certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers. When the study is completed, Phil learns that he did not receive the dietary supplement. Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake—he is certain his muscle mass increased while he took the supplement. According to this information, Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of ________. 1 the placebo effect 2. an anecdotal report 3. human subject bias 4. participant fatigue
1
Scientists enroll 500 healthy adults in a study and collect dietary and other lifestyle information about the group. After 6 years, the scientists determine that study participants who ate at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily were less likely to develop high blood pressure than participants who ate fewer than 5 servings of these foods daily. This study is an example of a(n) ____ study. 1. prospective 2. nutritive 3. retrospective 4. introspective
1
The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the ________. 1. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) 2. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 3. Agricultural Research Service (ARS) 4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
1
Which of the following foods is a major source of empty calories? 1 Sugar-sweetened soft drinks 2 Fresh fruit 3. Fat-free dairy products 4. Bread made with white flour
1
Which of the following substances is not a macronutrient? 1 Vitamin C 2. Protein 3. Carbohydrate 4. Fat
1
A person's _____ is not a major influence on his or her food selection practices. 1 place of residence 2 political beliefs 3. mood 4. health status
2
A person's _____ is not a major influence on his or her food selection practices. 1. place of residence 2. blood type 3. mood 4. health status
2
Which of the following statements is true? 1 Phytochemicals are antioxidants produced by animal cells. 2. An essential nutrient must be supplied by the diet. 3. People develop scurvy when their diets lack vitamin E. 4. Under certain conditions, the human body can make iron, copper, and zinc.
2
Which of the following statements is true? 1. Nutrients are life-sustaining phytochemicals in food. 2. In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death. 3. A person's diet is influenced by his or her blood type, birth order, and sustainability. 4. Most people are born with the ability to choose a nutritious diet.
2
Which of the following topics is one of the overarching guidelines of the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines? 1. Reduce your sodium and potassium intake 2. Support healthy eating patterns for all 3 Eat for optimal health and well-being 4. Consume enough calories to prevent undernutrition
2
Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information? 1 purdue.edu 2. dietsnomore4u.com 3. eatright.org 4. choosemyplate.gov
2
Beka is a 24-year-old woman who wants to follow the recommendations of the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. She typically consumes 4300 mg sodium/day; her cholesterol intake is usually about 200 mg/day, and her intake of folic acid is at least 400 mcg/day. According to this information, she should reduce her intake of 1. potassium-rich foods. 2. cholesterol. 3. folic acid. 4 sodium.
4
Each day, Phil takes ten pills that each supply 1000 mg of vitamin C. The recommended amount of vitamin C is 90 mg/day. His daily vitamin C intake is an example of a ________. 1. physiological level 2. requirement 3. marginal intake 4 megadose
4
Today, Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of orange juice. According to MyPlate, he ate nothing from the food group that includes 1. eggs. 2. milk and milk products. 3. pudding. 4. vegetables.
4
Which of the following menu items has major ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups? 1. Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries and fat-free milk 2. Fruit smoothie made with vanilla yogurt, orange juice, and fresh peaches 3. Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese and two slices of whole-wheat bread 4. Tuna-noodle casserole made with canned tuna, green onions, noodles, and cheddar cheese
1
Having a control group enables researchers to ________. 1. provide specific treatments to participants of the group 2. compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group 3. avoid using harmful interventions when testing control subjects' responses 4. explore possible hypotheses for future research efforts
2
Which of the following foods is naturally a source of phytochemicals? 1. Margarine 2. Tuna 3. Grapes 4. Luncheon meat
3
A serving of food contains 30 g fat, 2 g protein, 3 g carbohydrate, 5 mg iron, 600 mg calcium, and 250 ml water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies _____ kcal. 1. 440 2. 200 3. 320 4. 270
4
Dorrie wants to eat a food that is a good source of fiber and phytochemicals. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend? 1. Brown eggs 2. Organic chicken 3. Dairy foods 4. Green beans
4
Which of the following federally subsidized food programs is designed to improve the nutritional status specifically of low-income pregnant and breastfeeding women and their preschool children in the United States? 1 Commodity Supplemental Food Program 2. Meals on Wheels 3. UNICEF 4. WIC
4
Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation? 1. When members of a population consume fewer fruits and vegetables, their risk of high blood pressure increases. 2. When a group of children increases their physical activity levels, the percentage of children who contract cold infections decreases. 3. When women gain less weight than average during pregnancy, the birthweights of their babies tend to be lower than average. 4. When a population's intake of green tea increases, the percentage of lung cancer cases in that population decreases.
1
Which of the following statements is false? 1. The Internet is generally a reliable source of nutrition information because information posted at websites has been peer-reviewed. 2 Websites with .edu in their addresses are likely to provide reliable nutrition information. 3 When evaluating claims for dietary supplements that appear at a website, be wary of products that include promises for quick remedies. 4. In general, personal websites, such as blogs, are not reliable sources of nutrition information.
1
Which of the following topics is one of the overarching guidelines of the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines? 1. Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount of food 2 Choose a variety of enriched, processed foods 3. Choose milk and milk products for meals and snacks 4. Focus on eliminating sodium from your diet
1
Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States? 1. Chronic lower respiratory infections 2. Heart disease 3. Suicide 4 Influenza and pneumonia
2
Which of the following factors has a major influence over a person's food choices? 1. Close friends 2. Blood type 3. Vitamin A status 4. Birth order
1
The ____ is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medications. 1. EPA 2. FDA 3. NRC 4. FTC
2
An essential nutrient ________. 1. performs a vital function in the body 2. is only in foods from animal sources 3. must be supplied by the diet 4. is not in foods that are rich sources of empty calories
3
Which of the following statements is true? 1 Food cannot be labeled "organic" unless it meets certain government standards. 2. Organic food is more nutritious than foods that contain conventionally-grown ingredients. 3. A food label cannot include the organic symbol if it contains any detectable amount of nonorganic ingredients. 4. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has not established national regulations for the production of organic foods.
1
Which of the following statements is true? 1. A scientist's professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her research findings. 2. The results of one study are usually enough to convince the majority of nutrition scientists to adopt new ideas about nutrition-related topics. 3. Dietary recommendations are generally based on the findings of one well-respected team of nutrition researchers. 4. Since 1995, nutrition information has undergone few updates, because scientists have discovered all of the nutrients and determined their functions.
1
Which of the following statements is true? 1 In some regions of the United States, the traditional African heritage diet may contain unhealthy amounts of sodium and solid fat. 2. The typical Asian diet usually includes plenty of milk and milk products. 3. According to Islamic dietary laws, chicken is a prohibited food. 4. According to Jewish dietary laws, caffeinated beverages should not be consumed.
1
Which of the following statements is true? 1. Nutrients are life-sustaining substances in food. 2. In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to the ten leading causes of death, including influenza and pneumonia. 3. A person's diet is influenced by his or her blood type, birth order, and sustainability. 4. People are born with the ability to choose a nutritious variety of foods.
1
Which of the following statements is true? 1. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution often protects people who spread nutrition misinformation. 2. Pseudoscience is the scientific study of the causation and treatment of chronic diseases. 3. In the United States, only registered dietitians and registered dietitian nutritionists can provide nutrition information legally. 4. Registered dietitian nutritionists are not required to update their knowledge of nutrition and dietetics regularly
1
Which of the following statements is true? 1. The traditional Mediterranean diet supplies more olive oil and fish than the traditional American diet. 2. The traditional Asian diet contains high amounts of milk and milk products. 3. According to Mormon dietary laws, pork and pork by-products are forbidden as food. 4. Jewish dietary laws forbid the use of alcohol.
1
Derek takes protein supplements before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the supplements to his diet. His report about the effects of the supplements is an example of a(an) ________. 1. factoid 2. anecdote 3. variable 4 case report
2
During a television interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement. "Most Americans suffer from nutritional deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they are not taking my megavitamin formula therapy." Dr. Quack's statement is an example of a(n) ________. 1 medical hypothesis 2. scare tactic 3. intuitive deduction 4. personal observation
2
Impoverished children who live in developing countries have a high risk of dying from ________. 1. consuming too much fat and sugar 2. vitamin A deficiency 3. developing cystic fibrosis 4. developing type 2 diabetes
2
Jamie wants to eat more foods that are naturally high in phytochemicals and fiber. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend? 1. Organic beef 2. Fresh fruits and vegetables 3. Low-fat dairy foods 4 Eggs
2
Jeannette wants to increase her intake of iron without taking a dietary supplement. When she shops for food, she reads Nutrition Facts labels. Which of the following kinds of information will help her choose foods that are the richest sources of iron? 1 Structure/function claims 2 %DVs 3 Country of origin information 4 Organic food logo
2
Tamika's 52-year-old father died as a result of a condition that is the leading cause of death in the United States. Based on this information, Tamika's father died from ________. 1. type 1 diabetes 2. heart disease 3. lung cancer 4. influenza
2
The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable. The radio program host said, ________. 1. "According to the FDA, this product is classified as a dietary supplement, because it contains vitamins" 2 "All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven" 3. "This product contains sugar and certain artificial color and flavor additives" 4. "The ingredients in this product are listed on the label"
2
Which of the following nutrients is a micronutrient? 1. Fat 2. Magnesium 3. Water 4. Protein
2
Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy for human cells? 1. Cholesterol 2. Protein 3. Vitamin D 4 Iron
2
_____ can be classified as a dietary supplement. 1. Chewing tobacco 2. Ginkgo biloba 3. Cherry jelly 4. Orange drink
2
Before she shops for groceries, Terry plans several nutritionally adequate daily menus for her family. Which of the following guides is the best menu-planning tool for her to use? 1. Recommended Dietary Allowances 2 Daily Values 3. MyPlate 4 Basic Four Food Groups
3
Dave's height is 72 inches. What is his approximate height in centimeters? 1. 144 cm 2. 162 cm 3. 183 cm 4. 195 cm
3
Which of the following observations is an example of a negative (an inverse) correlation? 1. When a group of adults increases their intake of fruits and vegetables, the percentage of people in the group who have high blood levels of vitamin C levels increases. 2. When a group of people decreases their physical activity levels, the percentage of people in the group with healthy levels of body fat decreases. 3. When a group of older adults increases their intake of high-fiber foods, the percentage of people in the group who develop intestinal cancer decreases. 4. When a group of children eats more sugary foods, the percentage of children in the group who develop two or more decayed teeth increases.
3
Which of the following periodicals features peer-reviewed articles? 1. Ladies Home Journal 2 National Geographic Magazine 3. Journal of the American Medical Association 4. Men's Journal
3
Which of the following statements is true? 1. A megadose of vitamin C is within the range of safe intake for the nutrient. 2. Peanut butter contains too many empty calories to be healthy food. 3. Most foods are mixtures of nutrients. 4 A healthy diet supplies 90% of its calories from protein-rich foods.
3
Which of the following statements is true? 1. A person with a Ph.D. who promotes drinking vinegar as the cure for lung cancer is practicing conventional medicine. 2. Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of most forms of alternative health care. 3. The RDN credential is legally protected. 4. Disclaimers are clues that a product will meet your expectations or the manufacturer's claims.
3
Which of the following statements is true? 1. According to the legal definition developed by the FDA, a "dietary supplement" is food that influences metabolism. 2. Physicians and registered dietitian nutritionists do not recommend dietary supplements for their patients. 3. Dietary supplements may interact negatively with other substances a person takes. 4. People who develop side effects after taking dietary supplements can report their experiences to the GAO.
3
You are planning a party for a group of 22-year-old college students. Two of the students follow the dietary practices of the Mormon religion and one of the student's practices the religion of Islam. Which of the following beverages would be acceptable to everyone at the party? 1. Regular coffee served with sugar and cream 2. Fruit juice blend made with grape and apple juice, orange slices, and carbonated water 3. "Lite" beer 4. White wine
3