Nutrition-Metabolism Alteration
In a client with enteritis and frequent diarrhea, the nurse should anticipate an acid-base imbalance of: a.Metabolic acidosis b.Metabolic alkalosis c.Respiratory alkalosis d.Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
The nurse is caring for a client with active GI bleeding. What is the appropriate diet for this client during the first 24 hours after admission? a.Regular diet b.Nothing by mouth c.Clear fluids d.Skim milk
Nothing by mouth
he nurse caring for a client with small-bowel obstruction would plan to implement which nursing intervention first? a.Administering pain medication b.Obtaining a blood sample for laboratory studies c.Administering I.V. fluids d.Preparing to insert a nasogastric (NG) tube
Administering I.V. fluids
The nurse is teaching an elderly client about good bowel habits. Which statement by the client would indicate to the nurse that additional teaching is required? a."I need to use laxatives regularly to prevent constipation" b."I need to drink 2 to 3 liters of fluid every day" c."I should exercise four times per week" d."I should eat a fiber-rich diet, leafy vegetables, fruit and whole grain bread"
"I need to use laxatives regularly to prevent constipation"
A client with a peptic ulcer is about to begin a therapeutic regimen that includes a bland diet, antacids and famotidine (Pepcid). Before the client is discharged, the nurse should provide which instruction? a."Stop taking the drugs when your symptoms subside." b."Eat three balanced meals every day." c."Increase your intake of fluids containing caffeine." d."Avoid aspirin and products that contain aspirin."
"Avoid aspirin and products that contain aspirin."
The nurse is caring for a client with a colostomy. The client tells the nurse that he makes small pin holes in the drainage bag to help relieve gas. The nurse should teach him that this action: a.Destroys the moisture-barrier seal b.Won't affect the colostomy system c.Is appropriate for relieving the gas in the colostomy system d.Destroys the odor-proof seal
Destroys the odor-proof seal
Which medication should the nurse expect to administer to a client with constipation? a.Loperamide (Imodium) b.Flurbiprofen (Ansaid) c.Docusate sodium (Colace) d.Lorazepam (Ativan)
Docusate sodium (Colace)
The nurse asks a client who had abdominal surgery 3 days ago if he has moved his bowels since surgery. The client states, "I haven't moved my bowels, but I am passing gas." How should the nurse intervene? a.Administer a tap water enema b.Notify the physician c.Encourage the client to ambulate at least three times per day d.Apply moist heat to the client's abdomen
Encourage the client to ambulate at least three times per day
A client is scheduled for bowel resection with anastomosis involving the large intestine. Because of the surgical site, the nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis of Risk for infection. To complete the nursing diagnosis statement, the nurse should add which "related-to" phrase? a.Related to the presence of nasogastric (NG) tube postoperatively b.Related to major surgery required by bowel resection c.Related to malnutrition secondary to bowel resection with anastomosis d.Related to the presence of bacteria at the surgical site
Related to the presence of bacteria at the surgical site
A client with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps and distention is admitted to the health care facility. Which test result is most significant? a.Serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L b.Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 29 mg/dl c.Serum sodium level of 132 mEq/L d.Urine specific gravity of 1.025
Serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L
After taking an antacids, the client asks the nurse where antacids act in the body. How should the nurse respond? a.Esophagus b.Small intestine c.Large intestine d.Stomach
Stomach
Which outcome indicates effective client teaching to prevent constipation? a.The client limits water intake to three glasses per day b.The client verbalizes consumption of low-fiber foods c.The client reports engaging in a regular exercise regimen d.The client maintains a sedentary lifestyle
The client reports engaging in a regular exercise regimen
Why are antacids administered regularly, rather than as needed, to treat peptic ulcer disease? a.To increase pepsin activity b.To promote client compliance c.To maintain a regular bowel pattern d.To keep gastric pH at 3.0 to 3.5
To keep gastric pH at 3.0 to 3.5
A client is undergoing an extensive diagnostic workup for suspected GI problem. The nurse discovers that the client has a family history of ulcer disease. Which blood type also is a risk factor for duodenal ulcers? a.Type O b.Type B c.Type AB d.Type A
Type O
To prevent gastroesophageal reflux in a client with hiatal hernia, the nurse should provide which discharge instruction? a."Lie down after meals to promote digestion" b."Take antacids with meals" c."Limit fluid intake with meals" d."avoid coffee and alcoholic beverages"
Type O
A client with peptic ulcer disease is prescribed aluminium-magnesium complex (Riopan). When teaching about this antacid preparation, the nurse should instruct the client to take it with: a.Fruit juice b.A food rich in vitamin C c.A food rich in vitamin D d.Water
Water
The physician orders a stool culture to help diagnose a client with prolonged diarrhea. The nurse who obtains the stool specimen should: a.Collect the specimen in a sterile container b.Apply a solution to the stool specimen c.Take the specimen to the laboratory immediately d.Store he specimen on ice
Collect the specimen in a sterile container
A client admitted for treatment of a gastric ulcer is being prepared for discharge on antacid therapy. Discharge teaching should include which instruction? a."You may take antacids with other medications" b."Continue to take antacids even if symptoms subside" c."Avoid taking magnesium-containing antacids if you develop a heart problem" d."Be sure to take antacids with meals
Continue to take antacids even if symptoms subside"
A client is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which statement indicates effective client teaching about hiatal hernia and its treatment? a."I'll lie down immediately after a meal" b."I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber" c."I'll eat three large meals every day without any food restrictions" d."I'll gradually increase the amount of heavy lifting I do
I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber"
A client is admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of his chronic gastritis. When assessing his nutritional status, the nurse should expect a deficiency in: a.Vitamin A b.Vitamin C c.Vitamin B12 d.Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
The nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing risk factors for peptic ulcer, the nurse should mention: a.A sedentary lifestyle and smoking b.Alcohol abuse and smoking c.A history of hemorrhoids and smoking d.Alcohol abuse and a history of acute renal failure
Alcohol abuse and smoking
While obtaining a client's medication history, the nurse learns that the client takes ranitidine (Zantac), as prescribed, to treat a peptic ulcer. The nurse continues gathering medication history data to assess for potential drug interaction. The client should avoid taking a drug from which class with ranitidine? a.Antipsychotics b.Antiarrhythmics c.Antacids d.Antibiotics
Antacids
A client is admitted to the health care facility with a diagnosis of a bleeding gastric ulcer. The nurse expects this client's stool to be: a.Clay-colored b.Bright red c.Coffee-ground like d.Black and tarry
Black and tarry
For a client who must undergo colon surgery, the physician orders preoperative cleansing enemas and neomycin sulfate (Mycifradin). The rationale for neomycin use in the client is to: a.Prevent the development of megacolon b.Increase the intestinal bacteria count c.Control postoperative nausea and vomiting d.Decrease the intestinal bacterial count
Decrease the intestinal bacterial count
A 68-year-old male is being admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain, anemia and bloody stools, he complains of feeling week and dizzy. He has rectal pressure and needs to urinate and move his bowels. The nurse should help him: a.To the bathroom b.To the bedside commode c.To a standing position so he can urinate d.Onto the bedpan
Decreased abdominal strength
A 72-year-old client seeks help for chronic constipation. This is a common problems for elderly clients due to several factors related to aging. Which is one such factor? a.Increased intestinal motility b.Decreased abdominal strength c.Decreased production of hydrochloric acid d.Increased intestinal bacteria
Decreased abdominal strength
What is the primary nursing diagnosis for a client with a bowel obstruction? a.Acute pain b.Deficient fluid volume c.Ineffective tissue perfusion d.Deficient knowledge
Deficient fluid volume
As a nurse completes the admission assessment of a client admitted for gastric bypass surgery, the client states, "Finally! I'll be thin and able to eat without much concern." How should the nurse intervene? a.Notify the physician that the client is eager to sign the consent form b.Evaluate the client's understanding of the procedure c.Ask the client what her plans after surgery d.Rejoice with the client
Evaluate the client's understanding of the procedure
A client who is about to undergo gastric bypass surgery calls the nurse into the room. The client whispers to the nurse her concern that friends will learn about her upcoming surgery. She pleads with the nurse to keep her surgery a secret. Which response by the nurse is best? a."I promise I won't tell anyone" b."I can't lie to them if they ask me" c."I'll avoid any questions" d."I'm not at liberty to discuss your case with anyone except those directly involved in your care unless you authorized me to do so"
I'm not at liberty to discuss your case with anyone except those directly involved in your care unless you authorized me to do so"
The nurse is assessing a client who complains of abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhea. When examining the client's abdomen, which sequence should the nurse use? a.Auscultation, inspection, percussion and palpation b.Inspection, auscultation, percussion and palpation c.Palpation, auscultation, percussion and inspection d.Inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation
Inspection, auscultation, percussion and palpation
When planning care for a client with a small-bowel obstruction, the nurse should consider the primary goal to be: a.Maintaining body weight b.Re-establishing a normal bowel pattern c.Maintaining fluid balance d.Reporting pain relief
Maintaining fluid balance
During preparations for bowel surgery, a client receives an antibiotic to reduce intestinal bacteria. Antibiotic therapy may interfere with synthesis of which vitamin and may lead to hypoprothrombinemia? a.Vitamin E b.Vitamin D c.Vitamin A d.Vitamin K
Vitamin K
The nurse is teaching a client with malabsorption syndrome about the disorder and its treatment. The client asks which part of the GI tract absorbs food. The nurse tells the client that products of digestion are absorbed mainly in the: a.Small intestine b.Stomach c.Rectum d.Large intestine
The correct answer is: Small intestine
A client with recent onset of epigastric discomfort is scheduled for an upper GI series (Barium swallow). When teaching the client how to prepare for the test, which instruction should the nurse provide? a."Take a potent laxative the day before the test" b."Avoid eating or drinking anything for 6 to 8 hours before the test" c."Eat a clear liquid diet for 2 days before the test" d."Eat a low-residue diet for 2 days before the test"
Avoid eating or drinking anything for 6 to 8 hours before the test"
A client with a bleeding peptic ulcer is admitted to an acute care facility. As part of therapy, the physician prescribes cimetidine (Tagamet) I.V. The nurse must avoid administering this drug too rapidly because doing so many cause: a.Tetany b.Hallucinations c.Bradycardia d.Bronchospasms
Bradycardia
Which diagnostic test would be used first to evaluate a client with upper GI bleeding? a.Endoscopy b.Arteriography c.Hemoglobin (Hb) levels and haematocrit (HCT) d.Upper GI series
Hemoglobin (Hb) levels and haematocrit (HCT)
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a subtotal gastrectomy 24 hours ago. The client has a nasogastric (NG) tube. The nurse should: a.Reposition the NG tube if pulled out b.Irrigate the NG tube gently with normal saline solution if ordered c.Clamp the NG tube if the client complains of nausea d.Apply suction to the NG tube every hour
Irrigate the NG tube gently with normal saline solution if ordered
A client takes 30 ml of magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide with simethicone (Maalox) P.O. 1 hour and 3 hours after each meals and at bedtime for treatment of a duodenal ulcer. Why the client does takes this antacids so frequently? a.It has a short duration of action b.It has a prolonged half-life c.It has a slow onset of action d.It's highly metabolized
It has a short duration of action
A client with a recent history of rectal bleeding is being prepared for a colonoscopy. How should the nurse position the client for this test initially? a.Bent over with hands touching the floor b.Lying on the right side with legs straight c.Lying on the left side with knees bent d.Prone with the torso elevated
Lying on the left side with knees bent
A client has a newly created colostomy. After participating in counseling with the nurse and receiving support from the spouse, the client decides to change the colostomy pouch unaided. Which behavior suggests that the client is beginning to accept the change in body image? a.The client closes the eyes when the abdomen is exposed b.The client touches the altered body part c.The client avoids talking about the recent surgery d.The client asks the spouse to leave the room
The client touches the altered body part
