Nutrition

A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following disorders should the nurse identify as increasing other clients metabolic needs? SATA A. COPD B. Hypothyroidism C. Cancer D. Parkinson's disease E. Major burns

A. COPD C. Cancer D. Parkinson's disease E. Major burns Clients who have COPD develop hyper metabolism as a result of the increased amount of energy used to breathe. Cancer can cause a number of metabolic changes, including hyper metabolism as a result of the tumor growth. Clients who have Parkinson's disease develop hyper metabolism because they burn calories due to muscular rigidity. Finally, clients who have major burns develop severe metabolic stress, which includes hyper metabolism and hypercatabolism.

Am nurse is teaching about a low cholesterol diet to a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following meal selections by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. Chicken breast and corn on the cob B. Shrimp and rice C. Cheese omelette and turkey bacon D. Liver and onions

A. Chicken breast and corn on the cob rational: the nurse should identify that chicken breast is low in cholesterol, and all vegetables, including corn, are cholesterol-free, therefore, this food selection by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching.

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with the parent of a toddler who states that her child will not sit at the table to eat with the family. She asks the nurse for recommendations for "finger foods" for her child. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest? A. Slices of ripe banana B. Popcorn C. Slices of hot dogs D. Raw carrots

A. Slices of ripe banana Rational: toddlers should have about 8 oz (1 cup) of fruit per day. Bananas are nutritious and, as long as they are soft, do not present a choking hazard for young children.

A nurse is caring for a client from the Middle East who has celiac disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform regarding the clients diet? A. Provide foods prepared according to kosher dietary law B. Ask the kitchen to prepare grits to meet the clients dietary needs for grains C. Determine the clients dietary preferences D. Prepare a diet tray that includes vegetable and barley soup

C. Determine the clients dietary preferences Rational: while generalizations are often made regarding the traditional eating practices of clients based on their cultural backgrounds, individuals food choices can deviate from these generalizations. The nurse should assess the clients dietary habits before planning to meet dietary needs.

A nurse is caring for a client who has xerostomia which a lack of saliva. Which of the following nutrients will be affected by the lack of salivary amylase? A. Fat B. Protein C. Starch D. Fiber

C. Starch Rational: salivary amylase begins the process of digestion in the mouth with the initial breakdown of starches. The majority of starch breakdown occurs in the small intestine with pancreatic amylase

A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticulitis and a new prescription for a low-fiber diet. Which of the following food items should the nurse remove from the clients meal tray?

Coleslaw Rational: coleslaw contains raw cappabe, which is high in fiber. Clients who are following a low fiber diet should avoid most raw vegetables

A nurse is planning care for a client who has AIDS and has developed stomatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Rinse the mouth with chlorine iodine solution every 2 hr B. Limit fluid intake with meals C. Provide oral hygiene with a firm bristles toothbrush after each meal D. Avoid salty foods

D. Avoid salty foods Rational: stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth, usually with ulcerations. Foods that are spicy, acidic, or salty should be avoided to prevent further irritation and damage to the oral mucosa.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer and reports a metallic taste in the mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse share with client? A. Eat with metal utensils B. Limit coffee C. Avoid citrus foods D. Offer mints

D. Offer mints Rational: the nurse should encourage the clients to suck on mints, which can overcome the Metallica taste the client is experiencing as a result of the radiation therapy.

A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "don't I need the same amount of nutrients that i did when i was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. Older adults need less protein B. Older adults need an increased amount of carbohydrates C. Older adults need an increased amount of iron D. Older adults need an increased amount of calcium

D. Older adults need an increased amount of calcium Rational: older adults require increased amounts of calcium as well as vitamins D, B12, and A.

A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the guardian to omit from her child's diet? A. Corn tortillas B. Reduced fat milk C. Canned fruits D. Wheat bread

D. Wheat bread Rational: clients who have celiac disease should eliminate as much gluten as possible from their diets. Wheat rye and barley contain gluten and should be eliminated from he diet of a child who has celiac disease