Nutrition Quizzes
What is the general recommendation by the Choose My Plate for the intake of fruit and vegetables? 1/2 (50%) of your plate 1/4 (25%) of your plate 2-3 servings per day
1/2 (50%) of your plate
Calculate the basal metabolic rate (24 hours) for Peggy (her weight is 60kg) Hint: BMR is 1 kcal/kg per hour for men and 0.9 kcal/kg per hour for women 1296 1440 60 54
1296 60*0.9*24
The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat is ________ of total energy intake. 10-15% less than 20% 20-35% 30-50%
20-35%
Mike weights 198 lbs (90kg) and is 6 feet tall (1.83m). what is his BMI? 38.2 26.9 22.5 49.2
26.9
A triglyceride includes: 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol. 3 glycerols and 1 phospholipid. 3 phospholipids and 1 glycerol. 3 glycerols and 1 fatty acid.
3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol.
George's dinner contains 750 kilocalories. At most, how many kilocalories will George expend in order to process this meal? 150 Kcals 50 Kcals 75 Kcals 7.5 Kcals
75 Kcals
Hunger is best described as: Eating that is often driven by environmental cues A psychological drive to eat Eating that is often driven by emotional cues A physiological drive to eat
A physiological drive to eat
Body Mass Index is best described as: The percentage of an individual's body weight as compared to a reference standard. A ratio of an individual's fat tissue to lean tissue mass. An individual's body density. A ratio of an individual's body weight to body height.
A ratio of an individual's body weight to body height.
Appetite is triggered by: Time of day The smell, taste and texture of food Culture All of the above can trigger appetite
All of the above can trigger appetite
To prevent and/or control diabetes, an individual should: Maintain a healthful body weight with a healthy diet and daily exercise Eat slightly more protein and fat and slightly less carbohydrate (especially refined carbohydrates) Consult a dietitian. All of the above.
All of the above.
The development of all of the following diseases are strongly associated with dietary choices EXCEPT: Cancer Heart disease Alzheimer's disease Diabetes
Alzheimer's disease
The three components of total energy expenditure include: Basal metabolic rate, the thermic effect of food, and adaptive thermogenesis Basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and sleep activity Basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and the thermic effect of food Basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and adaptive thermogenesis
Basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and the thermic effect of food
Which of the following is characteristic of an essential nutrient? Cannot be used to synthesize other compounds in the body Cannot be degraded by the body Cannot be found in food Cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body
Cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body
________ is/are a set of principles developed by the USDA and the USDHHS to help reduce the risk of developing chronic disease. Food Fundamentals Dietary Guidelines for Americans DASH Diet South Beach Diet
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
The Choose My Plate has a category for foods that are low nutrient density, what is that term? Empty calories Junk food Discretionary calories Extra calories
Empty calories
Which of the following correctly describes the energy balance equation? Energy consumed - energy expended Energy expended + energy consumed Energy expended - energy consumed Energy consumed = energy expended
Energy consumed = energy expended
During times of inadequate intake, the body can synthesize all of the fat it needs. True False
F
Liquids have a higher satiety value than solid foods. True False
F
Gram for gram, which of the following provides the most energy? Protein Alcohol Fat Carbohydrate
Fat
Does the presence of ghrelin increase or decrease appetite? Decrease Increase Neither
Increase
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for carbohydrate is set at 130 g per day because This is the maximum we should consume each day It covers the amount of carbohydrate required for exercise It covers the amount required to supply adequate glucose to the brain. It takes into account the amount of carbohydrate consumed as added sugars.
It covers the amount required to supply adequate glucose to the brain. The RDA for carbohydrate is only enough to provide the required amount of glucose for the brain. It will not support exercise or daily activities. It is important for individuals to consume 45-65% (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range) of their calories in the form of primarily whole grains and high-fiber carbohydrate foods (fruits, vegetables).
Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of digestion? Gallbladder Liver Large intestine Pancreas
Large intestine
Which of the following statements is false? Lipids are soluble in water. Lipids include triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols. Lipids yield more Calories per gram than carbohydrate or protein. Lipids are comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Lipids are soluble in water.
Bob eats his breakfast and his GI tract will now begin the process of digesting and absorbing the nutrients from this meal. What is the order in which each of the organs of the GI tract will work to achieve this process? Mouth: stomach: esophagus: large intestine: small intestine Mouth: esophagus; stomach: small intestine: large intestine Mouth: esophagus: small intestine: stomach: large intestine Mouth: stomach: esophagus: small intestine: large intestine
Mouth: esophagus; stomach: small intestine: large intestine
The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) were established to refocus nutrient recommendations toward preventing: Nutrient deficiencies and chronic diseases. nutrient deficiencies only. poverty. infectious diseases.
Nutrient deficiencies and chronic diseases.
Which statement is FALSE concerning the field of nutrition? a Nutrition involves studying the factors that influence eating patterns b Nutrition is the study of how food nourishes the body c Nutrition is an ancient science that dates back to the fourteenth century. d Nutrition encompasses how we consume, digest, metabolize, and store food
Nutrition is an ancient science that dates back to the fourteenth century.
Why are phospholipids NOT considered an essential nutrient? Beneficial GI bacteria produce phospholipids. Phospholipids are not naturally found in the human body. They provide no useful function in the human body. Our bodies manufacture sufficient amount of phospholipids.
Our bodies manufacture sufficient amount of phospholipids.
What is the term that describes the process in which foods are broken down into their component molecules? absorption digestion segmentation elimination
digestion
One potential problem with a very low-fat diet is that it may be deficient in: trans fatty acids. essential fatty acids. cholesterol. phosphorus.
essential fatty acids.
Which of the following disorder is due to the bacterium, Helicobacter pylori? celiac disease constipation gastric ulcers food allergy
gastric ulcers
What is the major monosaccharide found in the body? fructose galactose glucose glycogen
glucose Plants make the most abundant form of carbohydrate, glucose. When we eat plant foods, we digest, absorb and store this glucose, making it the most abundant sugar molecule in our diets and our bodies.
All of the following are major classes of dietary lipids EXCEPT: sterols. glycogens. phospholipids. triglycerides.
glycogens.
The amount of energy expended by the body in digesting, absorbing, transporting, metabolizing and storing nutrients is called: The nutrient expenditure quotient The basal metabolic rate Thermic effect of food Adaptive thermogenesis
Thermic effect of food
Which of the following ingredients would alert you to the likely presence of trans-fatty acids in a product? hydrogenated vegetable oil lecithin vitamin E liquid corn oil
hydrogenated vegetable oil
Consuming the recommended number of servings from each of the food groups of MyPlate should help you attain a proper balance of nutrients. True False
True
Fat is digested more slowly than carbohydrate or protein. True False
True
True or false: BMR energy expenditure is happening 24 hours a day, including during exercise. True False
True
An apple-shaped fat pattern increases a person's risk for: ____. Select all that apply. Type 2 Diabetes Heart disease Salmonella infection Osteoporosis
Type 2 Diabetes Heart disease
Joyce's friend has recommended that Joyce take a vitamin C supplement before she undergoes oral surgery. Joyce is concerned about consuming too much of the supplement. Which of the following nutrient standards would assist Joyce in determining the highest amount of the supplement that would be safe for her to consume? UL (tolerable upper intake level) AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range) EAR (estimated average requirement) RDA (recommended dietary allowance)
UL (tolerable upper intake level)
Which of the following describes whole grains most accurately? Whole grains have just the starchy endosperm Whole grains are enriched with nutrients Whole grains naturally contain vitamins and fiber Whole grains are low in fiber
Whole grains naturally contain vitamins and fiber
All of the following are parts of an amino acid molecule EXCEPT: a central carbon. an acid group. a fatty acid group. an amine group.
a fatty acid group.
Today, wellness is defined as the absence of disease. an end point goal that exists along a continuum of health. achieving and maintaining physical health. a multidimensional process including physical, emotional, and spiritual health.
a multidimensional process including physical, emotional, and spiritual health.
Which of the following are examples of an inorganic nutrient? calcium amino acid lipid vitamin A
calcium
Which of the following are the preferred fuels for most body functions? ketones and protein carbohydrate and fat protein and fat fat and protein
carbohydrate and fat Fat is the predominant energy source used by our body at rest and during low-intensity activities. During rest, our bodies still use some carbohydrate for specific functions. During exercise of higher intensity, carbohydrate is the preferred fuel source.
the six classes of nutrients?
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
A complete protein: contains all 20 amino acids. is composed of only di- and tripeptides. has not been denatured. contains all 9 essential amino acids.
contains all 9 essential amino acids.
After a meal, which hormone is responsible for moving glucose into the body's cells? estrogen CCK insulin glucagon
insulin
In the absence of carbohydrate, ________ are produced from the incomplete breakdown of body fat. amyloses amylases bacteria ketones
ketones
Transport vehicles for most lipids are called: peptides. lipoproteins. glycerols. monoglycerides.
lipoproteins.
What is the primary role of the B vitamins? maintain acid-base balance act as coenzymes maintain blood pressure maintain and repair body tissues
act as coenzymes
Where in the body are the majority of triglycerides stored for future energy needs? beta cells of the pancreas adipose tissue liver lipoproteins
adipose tissue
Blood calcium is critical for: transmission of nerve impulses. maintenance of blood pressure. muscle contraction. all of the above
all of the above
Which of the following diseases has been linked to free radical damage? type 2 diabetes heart disease cancer all of the above
all of the above
Which of the following is a source of water for our bodies? beverages foods metabolic water (produced by the body) all of the above
all of the above
Which of the following organs is responsible for the synthesis of vitamin D? kidneys liver skin all of the above
all of the above
The most powerful and abundant form of vitamin E is alpha-tocopherol beta-tocopherol gamma-tocopherol delta-tocopherol
alpha-tocopherol
Which of the following foods contains the lowest amount of sodium? 1 cup of canned vegetable soup 1 large dill pickle 1 oz. of potato chips 1 medium fresh orange
1 medium fresh orange
How many calories are provided by 25 grams of fat? 23 kilocalories 2,250 kilocalories 225 kilocalories 100 kilocalories
225 kilocalories
The average person will absorb no more than ________ mg of calcium at one time. 500 1000 1500 200
500
Jane consumed a breakfast that contained 85 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 18 grams of fat. How many kilocalories did Jane eat at breakfast? 1,107 917 582 492
582 Here is the calculation: From carbohydrates: 85 ××4 = 340 (Kcal) From protein: 20 ××4 = 80 (Kcal) Calories from fat: 18 ××9 = 162 (Kcal) A total: 340+80+72= 582 (Kcal)
Benito is a healthy 19-year-old college student who is sedentary. He is 5'11" tall (1.8 m) and weighs 175 pounds (80 kg). How many grams of protein would you recommend he consume each day? 75 grams 84 grams 64 grams 55 grams
64 grams 80*0.8=64
Which of the following factors reduces the absorption of calcium from foods? Binding factors such as phytates and oxalates Other minerals (iron, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus) A high calcium diet All of the above
All of the above
Bette suffers from hypertension, and her physician has advised her to reduce her salt intake. Which of the following recommendations would you suggest Bette use to lower her sodium intake? Choose fresh fruits and vegetables. Follow the DASH diet. Avoid processed foods such as canned soups and quick cooking items. All of the above would help Bette to lower her sodium intake.
All of the above would help Bette to lower her sodium intake.
Why do we need carbohydrate? Brain cells and red blood cells rely on glucose. Carbohydrates fuel exercise. Carbohydrates spare protein. All of the above.
All of the above. All of these answers are correct as carbohydrate has many important functions in the body. Review pages 104-107 for more detail.
________ refers to the two-step process in which bone tissue is recycled. Bone growth Bone regeneration Bone remodeling Bone modeling
Bone remodeling
Which statement best describes nutrient density? Choose a number of different foods within any given food group. Consume a variety of foods from the five major food groups every day. Plan your entire day's diet so that you juggle nutrient sources. Consume foods that have the most nutrients for their calories.
Consume foods that have the most nutrients for their calories.
Does the presence of leptin increase or decrease food intake? Neither Decrease Increase
Decrease
Because of their increased protein needs, it is unhealthy for athletes to choose to become vegetarians. True False
False
People who abstain from alcohol should be encouraged to start drinking in moderation for the potential health benefits associated with alcohol consumption. True False
False
The protein RDA are the same for athletes and sedentary people. True False
False
Essential amino acids are more important to the human body than nonessential amino acids. True False
False Both essential and non-essential amino acids are very important to the body. Non-essential amino acids can synthesized from the essential amino acids, meaning they are not required in the diet. They are still, however, important for many bodily processes.
Which of the following is NOT a function of fat in the human body? Fat assists in the transport of fat soluble vitamins. Fat maintains the integrity of cell membranes. Fat provides an immediate source of energy during exercise. Fat provides insulation to help retain body heat.
Fat provides an immediate source of energy during exercise.
________ is a storage form of iron. Meat factor Hemoglobin Heme Ferritin
Ferritin
________ of an adult's healthy body weight is fluid. Ten to thirty percent Fifty to seventy percent Seventy to ninety percent Thirty to fifty percent
Fifty to seventy percent
Which of the following explains why folate is critical to the health of a newly conceived embryo? Folate is needed for proper cell division. Folate is essential for heart function. Folate is essential for maintaining proper fluid balance. Folate regulates bone formation.
Folate is needed for proper cell division.
________ is the storage form of glucose in animals found in liver and skeletal muscle. Starch Glycogen Raffinose Fructose
Glycogen
Which of the following statements is FALSE? HCl inhibits the digestion of fat so it does not compete with protein digestion. HCl untangles the strands of protein and breaks the peptide bonds. HCl denatures protein to allow digestive enzymes to break down the protein. HCl activates pepsinogen from pepsin.
HCl inhibits the digestion of fat so it does not compete with protein digestion.
Which of the following does NOT explain why infants have a higher risk of dehydration than healthy young and middle-aged adults? Infants excrete urine at higher rate than adults. Infants have a greater ratio of body surface area to core body areas. Infants have a lower proportion of body water than adults. Infants respond more dramatically to heat and cold than adults.
Infants have a lower proportion of body water than adults.
A limitation in using the Body Mass Index is that: It does not take body composition into account It is not accurate if used on women It is not a good indicator of health risks It is very difficult to determine
It does not take body composition into account
Which of the following is true of the cell membrane? It is freely permeable to electrolytes but not to water. It is freely permeable to water but not to electrolytes. It is freely permeable to both water and electrolytes. It is freely permeable to neither water nor electrolytes.
It is freely permeable to water but not to electrolytes.
Which of the following is a crucial function of water? It dissolves fat-soluble vitamins. Its relatively low capacity for heat keeps the body warm. It provides protection for the brain and spinal cord. All o fthe above.
It provides protection for the brain and spinal cord.
Which of the following is FALSE concerning calcium? Ninety-nine percent of calcium is found in the blood and soft tissue. When blood calcium falls, osteoclasts will liberate calcium from the skeleton. Calcium is a major mineral. Calcium's alkalinity assists in regulating acid-base balance.
Ninety-nine percent of calcium is found in the blood and soft tissue.
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding free radicals? Exposure to pollution increases free radical production. Many diseases, such as cancer and heart disease, are linked to free radical damage. Free radicals are formed as a by-product of healthy metabolism. Our body has no mechanism to combat free radicals.
Our body has no mechanism to combat free radicals.
________ are plant compounds with the ability to stabilize free radicals. Glutamines Chylomicrons Phytochemicals Intestinal microflora
Phytochemicals
In addition to leafy green vegetables, soybean, and canola oils, what is another important source of Vitamin K? Production of vitamin K by healthful intestinal bacteria. Poultry Lentils Whole grains
Production of vitamin K by healthful intestinal bacteria.
Which of the following is FALSE concerning carotenoids? Consuming excess dietary beta-carotene can cause skin discoloration. RDA for beta-carotene is established. Cooking foods that contain dietary carotenoids enhances their absorption. Fruits and vegetables can be rich sources of dietary carotenoids.
RDA for beta-carotene is established.
Which of the following statement is FALSE about sterols? Cholesterol is the most common sterol found in the human diet. Sterols are found in both plant and animal foods. Sterols are produced by the human body. Sterols contain a glycerol backbone and one fatty acid.
Sterols contain a glycerol backbone and one fatty acid.
Chemical digestion of food begins in the mouth. True False
T
Fat is the most energy dense of all the macronutrients. True False
T
Glycogen is not a good source of dietary carbohydrate. True False
T
Milk is a good source of riboflavin. True False
T
Most fats are a combination of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fatty acids. True False
T
Amino acids that can be synthesized by the body are termed nonessential. True False
True
Complete proteins are primarily found in animal sources. True False
True
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions without being physically altered. True False
True
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of potassium. True False
True
Geographical location affects one's ability to synthesize vitamin D. True False
True
Heme iron is absorbed better than non-heme iron. True False
True
Hypertension is a warning sign for a person's risk of developing heart disease. True False
True
Most Americans consume sufficient or excess amounts of dietary protein. True False
True
Peak bone density is achieved by age 30. True False
True
Protein is a critical component for bone health. True False
True
Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats, such as omega 3 fatty acids, and increasing physical activity is associated with increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. True False
True
Vitamin A deficiency is a severe public health concern in developing nations, often resulting in death due to infection. True False
True
Women absorb a greater percentage of a given alcohol intake as compared to men of the same size. True False
True
All of the following are functions of vitamin C EXCEPT: Vitamin C ensures proper wound healing. Vitamin C directly protects cell membranes against oxidation. Vitamin C plays a role in hormone synthesis. Vitamin C assists in the synthesis of collagen.
Vitamin C directly protects cell membranes against oxidation. Vitamin "E" directly protects cell membranes against oxidation, not Vitamin C. Please recall that vitamin E is fat soluble and can get into cell membranes (phospholipid layers) and that vitamin C is a water-soluble.
Which of the following individuals is most likely to be in positive nitrogen balance? a 20-year-old female who is consuming 500 kilocalories a day a 9-year-old girl who is experiencing a growth spurt a 30-year-old female who are healthy and not pregnant None of the above
a 9-year-old girl who is experiencing a growth spurt
Which of the following foods listed has the highest amount of vitamin B12 (per serving)? beef whole grains dark green vegetables mushrooms
beef
In addition to proper growth and development, bone remodeling is critical in maintaining: blood glucose levels. blood coagulation. blood calcium levels. vitamin D production.
blood calcium levels.
Vitamin K's primary role in the body is: blood clotting. enzyme action. nerve transmission. muscle contraction.
blood clotting.
Where do humans obtain vitamin D? A. diet B. sunlight C. intestinal bacteria D. both A and B
both A and B
Which of the following food items would contain the highest amount of saturated fat? butter skim milk steamed broccoli canola oil
butter
Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in our body? fluoride calcium iron phosphorus
calcium
Mary is 60 years old and at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following dietary supplements would be the MOST helpful to minimize bone loss? calcium and vitamin D vitamin K and fluoride magnesium and fluoride calcium and phosphorus
calcium and vitamin D
Carbohydrates contain: carbon, sulfur, and potassium. carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous. carbon, helium, and sodium.
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The chemical abbreviation for carbohydrate is CHO, indicating the atoms it contains (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen).
Which of the following are substances in plant foods that are not absorbed by the body? dietary fiber disaccharides starch simple sugars
dietary fiber
Which of the following techniques can assess the risk of fracture? blood calcium assessment underwater weighing dual energy X-ray absorptiometry bioelectrical impedance testing
dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
Which of the following health problems has been associated with high protein intakes? marasmus edema sickle cell anemia elevated blood cholesterol
elevated blood cholesterol
Which component of the blood is essential in transporting oxygen to body cells? platelets erythrocytes leukocytes plasma
erythrocytes
Plasma is one example of _____. extracellular fluid intracellular fluid tissue fluid metabolic water
extracellular fluid
Individuals who have diseases that result in the malabsorption of ________ are at risk for a vitamin D deficiency. protein minerals fat carbohydrate
fat
Diabetes is a condition in which the body doesn't regulate blood ________ properly. protein glucose vitamins fat
glucose
Which of the following foods are good sources of magnesium? citrus fruits french fries and onion rings green leafy vegetables soft drinks and fruit juices
green leafy vegetables
High concentrations of homocysteine in the blood are associated with the development of: neural tube defects. diabetes. heart disease. osteoporosis.
heart disease.
Diets high in sodium are associated with: Select one that best matches. breast cancer. high blood pressure. obesity. type 1 diabetes.
high blood pressure.
Diets high in trans-fatty acids are associated with: osteoporosis. increased blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. decreased cancer risk. decreased blood glucose levels.
increased blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels.
Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with alcohol abuse? malnutrition increased risk of chronic disease increased risk of tramatic injury increased brain function
increased brain function
Research studies have consistently demonstrated an association between a reduced risk of cancer and: the use of vitamin C supplements. increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. the use of beta-carotene supplements. increased consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids.
increased consumption of fruits and vegetables.
Which of the following groups are the MOST vulnerable to dehydration? infants and the elderly pregnant women and the elderly adolescents and children infants and pregnant women
infants and the elderly
Which of the following mineral is critical for the synthesis of thyroid hormones? iodine chromium copper iron
iodine
Digestion in the small intestine is aided by secretions from all of the following organs EXCEPT the gallbladder pancreas small intestine kidneys
kidneys
Most water is lost daily via the ________. lungs colon skin kidneys
kidneys
Where does most alcohol get metabolized? pancreas liver small intestine large intestine
liver
The type of protein-energy malnutrition characterized by a general lack of protein, energy, and nutrients in the diet is called: marasmus. kwashiorkor. cystic fibrosis. sickle cell anemia.
marasmus.
Which of the following foods are the richest sources of vitamin E? meat, fish, and poultry margarine and vegetable oils milk and dairy products fruits and vegetables
margarine and vegetable oils
In which phase of the life cycle is bone loss the greatest? puberty pregnancy menopause lactation
menopause
The iron-carrying protein that assists in the transport of oxygen into muscle cells is: hemoglobin. hemotocrit. myoglobin. hemosiderin.
myoglobin.
Pellagra is the deficiency disease associated with: folate. niacin. riboflavin. thiamin.
niacin.
Which element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat? carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen
nitrogen
Insulin is synthesized and released by the: pancreas. gallbladder. liver. brain.
pancreas.
The term complex carbohydrates refers to: polysaccharides. glucose. monosaccharides. disaccharides.
polysaccharides.
Diets rich in ________ are associated with maintaining healthy blood pressure levels. chloride sodium potassium phosphorus
potassium
The two electrolytes that enable nerves to respond to stimuli are sodium and iron. phosphorus. potassium. chloride.
potassium.
What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat? nitrogen oxygen carbon hydrogen
nitrogen
Which factors decrease basal metabolic rate? Select all that apply. pregnancy older age lower height stress female gender
older age lower height female gender
Which of the following foods are rich sources of monounsaturated fatty acids? olive oil and cashew nuts butter and lard coconut and palm oils safflower and corn oils
olive oil and cashew nuts
Which of the following describes lipids? inorganic nutrients that are insoluble in fat organic nutrients that are insoluble in fat organic nutrients that are insoluble in water inorganic nutrients that are insoluble in water
organic nutrients that are insoluble in water
Which compound is involved in digestion in the stomach? saliva proteases pepsin secretin
pepsin
The primary function of the large intestine is to prepare unabsorbed food residue for excretion provide increased surface area for nutrient absorption neutralize chyme absorb fatty acids
prepare unabsorbed food residue for excretion
Which of the following fatty acids is generally solid at room temperature? short-chain polyunsaturated monounsaturated saturated
saturated
The majority of absorption takes place in ______. small intestine stomach mouth large intestine
small intestine
The majority of digestion takes place in ______. small intestine stomach mouth large intestine
small intestine
Which of the following is NOT a MAJOR function of protein in the human body? providing energy to the body growth and maintenance of new tissue maintaining fluid balance synthesis of hormones
providing energy to the body While protein CAN serve as an energy source, the body's primary energy sources are carbohydrate and fat. When proteins need to be used for energy, they are taken from the blood and body tissues. Thus, we need to eat adequate amounts of fat and carbohydrate to provide energy so that protein can be used for it's other main functions.
The deficiency disease associated with vitamin C is goiter diarrhea night blindness scurvy
scurvy
Which of the following minerals can function as an antioxidant? calcium potassium chloride selenium
selenium
Which part of an individual amino acid distinguishes it from other amino acids? central carbon acid group side chain amine group
side chain
The absorption of proteins occurs in the: small intestine. large intestine. stomach. liver.
small intestine.
Which of the following is the most complete protein from a plant source? corn carrots broccoli soybeans
soybeans
Significant chemical digestion of protein begins in the: small intestine. mouth. pancreas. stomach.
stomach.
Beriberi results from deficiency in ______. folate beta-carotene riboflavin thiamin
thiamin
What is the primary form of lipid in the diet? triglycerides phospholipids sterols glycerols
triglycerides
A disaccharide is formed by the chemical bonding of: one monosaccharide and one polysaccharide. two monosaccharides. two oligosaccharides. two polysaccharides.
two monosaccharides.
Which of the following best describes moderate alcohol consumption? no more than 6 drinks per week for women and 12 drinks for men drinking only one night per week drinking a glass of water with each alcoholic drink up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men
up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men
Although good sources of many B vitamins, a meal of brown rice, red beans and fresh vegetables, does not provide _____. thiamin niacin vitamin B6 vitamin B12
vitamin B12
Which of the following supplements would you recommend a vegan to add to his/her diet? protein vitamin C vitamin B12 fiber
vitamin B12
Which of the following is NOT typically a nutrient of concern for vegans? vitamin C calcium iron vitamin B12
vitamin C
Which of the following nutrients requires the most frequent consumption to assure adequate body stores? vitamin E vitamin C vitamin E beta-carotene
vitamin C
Which of the following nutrients increases the absorption rate of calcium? vitamin D iron zinc phosphorus
vitamin D
Insensible water loss includes: water lost during illness or trauma. water lost through respiration. water lost during intense exercise. water lost through urination.
water lost through respiration.
The thrifty gene theory suggests that:____ . Select the one the best fits in the sentence. our adult weight is determined by our weight at birth in the new food environment some people become obese while others do not some people possess a gene that causes them to expend less energy than other people our bodies are designed to maintain weight within a narrow range adult body weight is determined by the weight of our parents
some people possess a gene that causes them to expend less energy than other people
Which of the following can be caused by diets high in added sugars? diabetes hyperactivity tooth decay all of the above
tooth decay There is currently no proven link between sugar and hyperactivity in children. High sugar intake does not cause diabetes, but may contribute to obesity.
Over 16 million Americans have diabetes. Which of the following is the most prevalent form of diabetes? gestational type 1 pediatric type 2
type 2
Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient? proteins carbohydrates lipids vitamins
vitamins
Basal metabolic functions include all of the following EXCEPT circulation of your blood and lymph maintaining your body temperature walking up stairs respiration (inhaling and exhaling air)
walking up stairs
Water-soluble nutrients (carbohydrate, protein, minerals, and some vitamins) enter the 1)_____. Fat-soluble nutrients (lipids and some vitamins) enter the 2)______. 1) lymphatic vessels; 2) portal vein 1) portal vein; 2) lymphatic vessel 1) portal vein; 2) portal vein 1) lymphatic vessels; 2) lymphatic vessels
1) portal vein; 2) lymphatic vessel
Carbohydrates and proteins are the only nutrients in foods that provide energy. True False
False
Hunger and appetite are the same thing. True False
False
Peggy has BMI of 19. According to BMI classification, her BMI is considered _____ . Normal weight Overweight Obese Morbid obesity Underweight
Normal weight
Which of the following is true about vitamins A, D, E, and K? They are excreted in the urine. They can all be synthesized by the body. They are unlikely to build up to toxic levels in the body, even when high-dose supplements of these vitamins are taken. They are soluble in fat.
They are soluble in fat.
Which of the following would have the lowest glycemic index? a strawberry strawberry jelly strawberry soda strawberry candy bar
a strawberry
Celiac disease ____ is a complete intolerance for gluten can damage the lining of the small intestine can lead to malabsorption all of the above
all of the above
Fiber might reduce cholesterol levels by binding to bile in the digestive tract that is produced from cholesterol, resulting in more excretion of cholesterol in the feces. delaying or blocking the absorption of dietary cholesterol into the bloodstream. binding to cholesterol once it has entered the bloodstream. by binding to bile in the digestive tract that is produced from cholesterol, resulting in more excretion of cholesterol in the feces and by delaying or blocking the absorption of dietary cholesterol into the bloodstream.
by binding to bile in the digestive tract that is produced from cholesterol, resulting in more excretion of cholesterol in the feces and by delaying or blocking the absorption of dietary cholesterol into the bloodstream. Dietary fiber is not absorbed into the bloodstream. Thus, it's primary action on cholesterol is in the digestive tract by slowing the digestion and absorption and increasing the excretion of bile. See page 106-107 and figure 4.7 for more details on how fiber can reduce blood cholesterol levels and it's other hypothesized health benefits.
