Nutrition Science
___________ is a condition characterized by the accumulation of scar tissue in the liver leading to its irreversible damage.
cirrhosis of the liver
The metabolic reaction that breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones is called __________.
catabolism
The chemical element found in all amino acids but not found in either carbohydrates or fats is
N
After absorption, amino acids travel to the liver via the hepatic portal vein.
True
A large quantity of ATP molecules is produced during ___________.
aerobic metabolism when adequate oxygen is present in the cell
The hormone insulin has a(n) ____________________effect.
anabolic
Proteins _____________.
are comprised of amino acids
An essential amino acid
cannot be synthesized in the body in sufficient quantity to meet body needs.
Energy is defined as____________.
capacity to perform work
Which of the following compounds can be used for energy? (Check all that apply)
carbs, proteins, lipids
The hormone epinephrine has a(n) __________________ effect.
catabolic
The hormone glucagon has a(n) _________________effect.
catabolic
Glucagon instructs liver cells to
degrade glycogen to release glucose
_____ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and, as a result, the molecule loses its usual function.
denaturation
Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?
fat free milk
___________ is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules.
glycogenolysis
_______________ is a type of malnutrition that results primarily from not consuming enough calories.
marasmus
Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal protein?
peanut butter on crackers
In proteins, amino acids are joined by _______________ bonds.
peptide
_______________ does not eat any animal foods and consumes only plant products.
vegan
