Nutrition- Test 1

1. The First Amendment to the Constitution allows freedom of the press for writers to make claims for nutrition products.

1. True

10. Even when people are served more food, they tend to eat the same amount.

10. False

10A. Revisions to the Nutrition Facts panel made by the FDA in 2016 require Vitamin D as the only vitamin to be listed.

10A. True

11. Meals eaten at fast food restaurants commonly contain similar amount of calories, fiber, and saturated fat to meals prepared at home.

11. False

11A. According to MyPlate, one egg is equivalent to 1 ounce of cooked lean meat.

11A. True

12. The amount spent by the food industry advertising food, beverage, and fast food is nearly equal to the amount spent by the government in promoting its campaign to encourage people of all ages to increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables.

12. False

28. If you weigh 200 pounds and are at a desirable weight, how much of that weight is water?

120 pounds

12A. A product that meets the criteria as sodium-free or salt-free has less than 5 mg of sodium per serving.

12A. True

13. As a consequence of an abundant food supply, Americans experience some of the lowest rates of degenerative diseases in the world.

13. False

13A. Chinese food served in American Chinese restaurants usually is very similar to food eaten by rural Chinese people in China.

13A. False

14. Nutrient deficiency diseases are one of the leading causes of death in America.

14. False

14A. The ingredients on a food label are listed in alphabetical order.

14A. False

15. The act of eating is fairly straightforward in that its primary benefit is linked to the physical need for food.

15. False

15A. Phytochemicals provide energy or building materials for cell repair.

15A. False

16. Cutting back on intake of meat and poultry is a viable option for reducing fat in the diet and trimming food budgets.

16. True

16A. In determining portion, one hand, cupped, is a good approximation of 8 fluid ounces.

16A. False

17. The social and cultural groups to which a person belongs have a little effect on food choices.

17. False

17A. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans incorporate two general themes: maintaining calorie balance over time to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, and consuming more nutrient-dense foods and beverages.

17A. True

18. Diet is the sole culprit in causing chronic diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease.

18. False

18A. The EAR for nutrients represents the average amount of a nutrient needed by a population meaning its value is usually enough to meet the needs of most healthy people.

18A. False

19. A nutrition claim that appears in a newspaper is usually a confirmed, and therefore reliable, finding.

19. False

1A. The need for setting Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) for nutrients is the result of more people using large doses of supplements and the increased availability of fortified foods.

1A. True

2. The "best if used by" date on a product is merely a suggestion and can be ignored for bulk items.

2. False

33. A slice of pizza contains 24 grams of carbohydrate, 14 grams of fat, and 8 grams of protein. How many total calories would the slice of pie provide?

254 calories

2A. The DRI values for nutrients are the same for all genders and ages.

2A. False

3. Okinawans are a group of Eskimos that eat a high-fat diet but still maintain good health.

3. False

60. What is the approximate prevalence of obesity among adults in the United States today?

33 percent

3A. Antioxidant nutrients are vitamins and minerals that react with oxygen, thereby protecting other compounds from damaging reactions involving oxygen.

3A. True

4. Because the U.S. media is closely regulated, nutritional information disseminated by the media is highly reliable.

4. False

32. One gram of carbohydrate yields ____ calories, 1 gram of fat yields ____ calories, and 1 gram of protein yields ____calories.

4; 9; 4

4A. The DRI requirement of a nutrient is the minimum amount of a nutrient that will prevent the development of deficiency symptoms.

4A. True

5. The diet of Okinawan elders is 80 percent plant-based and is high in soy.

5. True

68. A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 44 grams of protein, 28 grams of carbohydrate, and 39 grams of fat. What percentage of calories in the sandwich comes from fat?

55 percent

5A. Orange juice with added calcium is a food that likely exceeds the UL for calcium.

5A. False

6. The key to disease prevention and optimal health is eating certain foods and avoiding other foods.

6. False

47. Sasha wants to consume 30 percent of her total calories from fat and she eats 1800 calories per day. What is the maximum number of fat grams she should eat?

60 grams

54. If a food has 20 grams of fat and 300 calories per serving, what is the percentage of calories from fat in this food?

60 percent

6A. The Mediterranean Diet recommends eating meat several times a week.

6A. False

7. Extremely low income can put a person at risk for undernutrition.

7. True

7A. A healthy diet should consist of three meals a day without any snacking.

7A. False

8. Risk of lifestyle-related chronic diseases is purely hereditary.

8. False

8A. Beans and legumes fall in two food groups, grains and proteins.

8A. False

9. The Okinawans have a lower prevalence of chronic diseases than most other cultures in the world.

9. True

9A. MyPlate activity recommends at least 2 ½ hours per week of moderate physical activity such as jogging, swimming continuous laps, and bicycling uphill.

9A. False

20. Susan is deciding what to order for lunch at the fast-food restaurant near her school. Which combination would you recommend as the best nutritional selection?

A grilled chicken sandwich with mustard and side salad with vinaigrette

44. Who would be the most appropriate person to consult for nutrition information?

A registered dietitian

30. Which vitamins are fat-soluble?

A, D, E, and K

46. Which substance provides seven calories per gram?

Alcohol

79. What substance supplies energy without promoting growth or repair of the body?

Alcohol

69. _______is the psychological desire to eat.

Appetite

34. Which vitamins are water-soluble?

B vitamins and C

64. According to "The Longevity Game" by Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, which trait or behavior is most likely to add to the average life expectancy?

Being female

38. What is a leading cause of death in the United States that is linked to diet?

Cancer

65. Which nutrients provide four calories per gram?

Carbohydrate and protein

21. Marcia decides to go shopping and wants to purchase foods with less fat and calories and save money at the same time. Which food item is least likely to help Marcia meet her objectives?

Chicken nuggets

52. Which term is included in the acronym CARS, and is applied in determining the quality of information found on the Internet?

Credibility

35. According to the current assessment of research studies, what disease risk is reduced by a diet rich in fiber from fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains?

Diverticular disease

81. What food item would be a healthy basic selection at the grocery store?

Dry roasted nuts

50. What term refers to nutrients that the body must obtain from food?

Essential nutrients

45. _________refers to the traditional foods eaten by the people of a particular culture.

Ethnic cuisine

26. Which nutrient provides the most energy per gram?

Fat

74. Helen is ordering a pizza for her family. Which topping(s) would be the best choice as a good low-calorie selection?

Green peppers, mushrooms, and onions

42. What is the leading cause of death in the United States for people over age 24?

Heart disease

24. Which disease is least likely to be influenced by diet?

Hemophilia

39. What is an example of a fortified food?

Iodized salt

62. What is a function of water in the body?

It transports hormonal messages from place to place.

25. Which substance is a major mineral?

Magnesium

57. What is the collective term for all the chemical and physical reactions occurring in living cells, including the reactions by which the body obtains and uses energy from foods?

Metabolism

66. How does the diet of the centenarians from the islands of Okinawa compare to that of most U.S. adults?

Okinawans consume more vegetables but fewer calories.

75. Which strategy would most likely support healthy eating when dining out?

Order grilled rather than fried foods

58. Which of the following is a correct statement regarding American current food intake and health status?

Over half of Americans suffer from a disease or condition is preventable through dietary intake and physical activity.

71. Which activity demonstrates making a food choice based on sustainability issues in relation to food consumption?

Purchasing corn from the farmer in your neighborhood

63. Which objective is included in Healthy People 2020?

Reduce rates of iron deficiency.

Julia and David are new parents of a 13-year-old girl, Zoe. They want to make sure they are feeding her the most nutritious diet possible. Julia makes an appointment with a registered dietitian at Zoe's pediatrician's office. David's first question is "Can you help us figure out what foods to feed Zoe that will prevent chronic diseases in her future?" Julia seems concerned about how to make sure Zoe gets enough essential nutrients. Imagine you are the dietitian. Using the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the MyPlate tool, answer the following questions. 19. To prevent the risk of chronic disease in adulthood, what practice would you recommend?

Reduce time spent in sedentary behaviors.

56. Joy decides to use the smart shopping tips she learned in her college nutrition course. What practice should she avoid while shopping?

Shopping when she is hungry

77. Where do most Americans obtain nutrition information?

Television

67. Who often plays the most powerful role in determining the typical individual's food choices?

The mother

36. Imagine that you are reading a magazine article about a new product that claims to benefit health. Which characteristic suggests that these claims might be valid?

The peer-reviewed scientific research is cited.

73. Simone is looking for scientifically supported information on nutrition, and performs an Internet search. Which criteria suggest that the site features unreliable information?

The sources of statistics and study findings discussed are unavailable on the site.

23. _______is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States.

Tobacco

27. On average, how much water does your body lose each day in the form of sweat and urine?

Two to three quarts

55. You are looking for a legitimate, qualified dietitian to advise you on a healthy eating plan for your family. Which characteristic might alert you to do further research?

Use of the term nutritionist after the individual's name

48. What are organic, or carbon-containing, essential nutrients that are vital to life but needed only in relatively minute amounts?

Vitamins

72. Which nutrients regulate the release of energy and other aspects of metabolism rather than supplying energy?

Vitamins and minerals

29. Which substances are included in the six classes of nutrients?

Water, carbohydrates, and fats

31. A _______ study minimizes the chances that the results are due to a placebo effect or to bias on the part of the researcher.

controlled and randomized

59. Access to an abundance of foods has been shown to contribute to increased rates of ________.

degenerative diseases

43. One hallmark of a credible nutrition article is that it ____.

describes results of a study of a sufficiently large group of people

61. Degenerative illnesses sometimes known as ____.

diseases of affluence

78. The habit of hara hachi bu in Okinawan culture involves ____.

eating until only 80 percent full

53. A(n) _____________ examines populations to determine food patterns and health status over time.

epidemiological study

37. Limiting fat intake to 20 to 30 percent of total calories is recommended to reduce the risk of ____.

heart disease

41. The physiological need for food is also known as _______.

hunger

51. Cultural norms help determine food choices by ____.

influencing beliefs about which plants and animals should be eaten as food

22. Jerry signs up for a scientific study in which he will follow a special diet that may lower his high blood cholesterol level. This is a(n) ____.

intervention study

49. Dietary recommendations for sugar are to consume ______ of total calories from added sugars.

less than 10 percent

80. A ______ food is one that is low in calories compared to the amount of nutrients it contains.

nutrient-dense

76. Avoiding the consumption of meat on Fridays during Lent is an example of a food choice based on ______.

religion

40. One nutrition-related Healthy People 2020 objective is to reduce the consumption of ____ in the U.S. population.

solid fats and added sugars

70. Limiting your intake of sodium is most helpful in reducing your risk of ____.

stroke