Nutrition- Test 1
1. The First Amendment to the Constitution allows freedom of the press for writers to make claims for nutrition products.
1. True
10. Even when people are served more food, they tend to eat the same amount.
10. False
10A. Revisions to the Nutrition Facts panel made by the FDA in 2016 require Vitamin D as the only vitamin to be listed.
10A. True
11. Meals eaten at fast food restaurants commonly contain similar amount of calories, fiber, and saturated fat to meals prepared at home.
11. False
11A. According to MyPlate, one egg is equivalent to 1 ounce of cooked lean meat.
11A. True
12. The amount spent by the food industry advertising food, beverage, and fast food is nearly equal to the amount spent by the government in promoting its campaign to encourage people of all ages to increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables.
12. False
28. If you weigh 200 pounds and are at a desirable weight, how much of that weight is water?
120 pounds
12A. A product that meets the criteria as sodium-free or salt-free has less than 5 mg of sodium per serving.
12A. True
13. As a consequence of an abundant food supply, Americans experience some of the lowest rates of degenerative diseases in the world.
13. False
13A. Chinese food served in American Chinese restaurants usually is very similar to food eaten by rural Chinese people in China.
13A. False
14. Nutrient deficiency diseases are one of the leading causes of death in America.
14. False
14A. The ingredients on a food label are listed in alphabetical order.
14A. False
15. The act of eating is fairly straightforward in that its primary benefit is linked to the physical need for food.
15. False
15A. Phytochemicals provide energy or building materials for cell repair.
15A. False
16. Cutting back on intake of meat and poultry is a viable option for reducing fat in the diet and trimming food budgets.
16. True
16A. In determining portion, one hand, cupped, is a good approximation of 8 fluid ounces.
16A. False
17. The social and cultural groups to which a person belongs have a little effect on food choices.
17. False
17A. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans incorporate two general themes: maintaining calorie balance over time to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, and consuming more nutrient-dense foods and beverages.
17A. True
18. Diet is the sole culprit in causing chronic diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease.
18. False
18A. The EAR for nutrients represents the average amount of a nutrient needed by a population meaning its value is usually enough to meet the needs of most healthy people.
18A. False
19. A nutrition claim that appears in a newspaper is usually a confirmed, and therefore reliable, finding.
19. False
1A. The need for setting Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) for nutrients is the result of more people using large doses of supplements and the increased availability of fortified foods.
1A. True
2. The "best if used by" date on a product is merely a suggestion and can be ignored for bulk items.
2. False
33. A slice of pizza contains 24 grams of carbohydrate, 14 grams of fat, and 8 grams of protein. How many total calories would the slice of pie provide?
254 calories
2A. The DRI values for nutrients are the same for all genders and ages.
2A. False
3. Okinawans are a group of Eskimos that eat a high-fat diet but still maintain good health.
3. False
60. What is the approximate prevalence of obesity among adults in the United States today?
33 percent
3A. Antioxidant nutrients are vitamins and minerals that react with oxygen, thereby protecting other compounds from damaging reactions involving oxygen.
3A. True
4. Because the U.S. media is closely regulated, nutritional information disseminated by the media is highly reliable.
4. False
32. One gram of carbohydrate yields ____ calories, 1 gram of fat yields ____ calories, and 1 gram of protein yields ____calories.
4; 9; 4
4A. The DRI requirement of a nutrient is the minimum amount of a nutrient that will prevent the development of deficiency symptoms.
4A. True
5. The diet of Okinawan elders is 80 percent plant-based and is high in soy.
5. True
68. A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 44 grams of protein, 28 grams of carbohydrate, and 39 grams of fat. What percentage of calories in the sandwich comes from fat?
55 percent
5A. Orange juice with added calcium is a food that likely exceeds the UL for calcium.
5A. False
6. The key to disease prevention and optimal health is eating certain foods and avoiding other foods.
6. False
47. Sasha wants to consume 30 percent of her total calories from fat and she eats 1800 calories per day. What is the maximum number of fat grams she should eat?
60 grams
54. If a food has 20 grams of fat and 300 calories per serving, what is the percentage of calories from fat in this food?
60 percent
6A. The Mediterranean Diet recommends eating meat several times a week.
6A. False
7. Extremely low income can put a person at risk for undernutrition.
7. True
7A. A healthy diet should consist of three meals a day without any snacking.
7A. False
8. Risk of lifestyle-related chronic diseases is purely hereditary.
8. False
8A. Beans and legumes fall in two food groups, grains and proteins.
8A. False
9. The Okinawans have a lower prevalence of chronic diseases than most other cultures in the world.
9. True
9A. MyPlate activity recommends at least 2 ½ hours per week of moderate physical activity such as jogging, swimming continuous laps, and bicycling uphill.
9A. False
20. Susan is deciding what to order for lunch at the fast-food restaurant near her school. Which combination would you recommend as the best nutritional selection?
A grilled chicken sandwich with mustard and side salad with vinaigrette
44. Who would be the most appropriate person to consult for nutrition information?
A registered dietitian
30. Which vitamins are fat-soluble?
A, D, E, and K
46. Which substance provides seven calories per gram?
Alcohol
79. What substance supplies energy without promoting growth or repair of the body?
Alcohol
69. _______is the psychological desire to eat.
Appetite
34. Which vitamins are water-soluble?
B vitamins and C
64. According to "The Longevity Game" by Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, which trait or behavior is most likely to add to the average life expectancy?
Being female
38. What is a leading cause of death in the United States that is linked to diet?
Cancer
65. Which nutrients provide four calories per gram?
Carbohydrate and protein
21. Marcia decides to go shopping and wants to purchase foods with less fat and calories and save money at the same time. Which food item is least likely to help Marcia meet her objectives?
Chicken nuggets
52. Which term is included in the acronym CARS, and is applied in determining the quality of information found on the Internet?
Credibility
35. According to the current assessment of research studies, what disease risk is reduced by a diet rich in fiber from fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains?
Diverticular disease
81. What food item would be a healthy basic selection at the grocery store?
Dry roasted nuts
50. What term refers to nutrients that the body must obtain from food?
Essential nutrients
45. _________refers to the traditional foods eaten by the people of a particular culture.
Ethnic cuisine
26. Which nutrient provides the most energy per gram?
Fat
74. Helen is ordering a pizza for her family. Which topping(s) would be the best choice as a good low-calorie selection?
Green peppers, mushrooms, and onions
42. What is the leading cause of death in the United States for people over age 24?
Heart disease
24. Which disease is least likely to be influenced by diet?
Hemophilia
39. What is an example of a fortified food?
Iodized salt
62. What is a function of water in the body?
It transports hormonal messages from place to place.
25. Which substance is a major mineral?
Magnesium
57. What is the collective term for all the chemical and physical reactions occurring in living cells, including the reactions by which the body obtains and uses energy from foods?
Metabolism
66. How does the diet of the centenarians from the islands of Okinawa compare to that of most U.S. adults?
Okinawans consume more vegetables but fewer calories.
75. Which strategy would most likely support healthy eating when dining out?
Order grilled rather than fried foods
58. Which of the following is a correct statement regarding American current food intake and health status?
Over half of Americans suffer from a disease or condition is preventable through dietary intake and physical activity.
71. Which activity demonstrates making a food choice based on sustainability issues in relation to food consumption?
Purchasing corn from the farmer in your neighborhood
63. Which objective is included in Healthy People 2020?
Reduce rates of iron deficiency.
Julia and David are new parents of a 13-year-old girl, Zoe. They want to make sure they are feeding her the most nutritious diet possible. Julia makes an appointment with a registered dietitian at Zoe's pediatrician's office. David's first question is "Can you help us figure out what foods to feed Zoe that will prevent chronic diseases in her future?" Julia seems concerned about how to make sure Zoe gets enough essential nutrients. Imagine you are the dietitian. Using the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the MyPlate tool, answer the following questions. 19. To prevent the risk of chronic disease in adulthood, what practice would you recommend?
Reduce time spent in sedentary behaviors.
56. Joy decides to use the smart shopping tips she learned in her college nutrition course. What practice should she avoid while shopping?
Shopping when she is hungry
77. Where do most Americans obtain nutrition information?
Television
67. Who often plays the most powerful role in determining the typical individual's food choices?
The mother
36. Imagine that you are reading a magazine article about a new product that claims to benefit health. Which characteristic suggests that these claims might be valid?
The peer-reviewed scientific research is cited.
73. Simone is looking for scientifically supported information on nutrition, and performs an Internet search. Which criteria suggest that the site features unreliable information?
The sources of statistics and study findings discussed are unavailable on the site.
23. _______is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States.
Tobacco
27. On average, how much water does your body lose each day in the form of sweat and urine?
Two to three quarts
55. You are looking for a legitimate, qualified dietitian to advise you on a healthy eating plan for your family. Which characteristic might alert you to do further research?
Use of the term nutritionist after the individual's name
48. What are organic, or carbon-containing, essential nutrients that are vital to life but needed only in relatively minute amounts?
Vitamins
72. Which nutrients regulate the release of energy and other aspects of metabolism rather than supplying energy?
Vitamins and minerals
29. Which substances are included in the six classes of nutrients?
Water, carbohydrates, and fats
31. A _______ study minimizes the chances that the results are due to a placebo effect or to bias on the part of the researcher.
controlled and randomized
59. Access to an abundance of foods has been shown to contribute to increased rates of ________.
degenerative diseases
43. One hallmark of a credible nutrition article is that it ____.
describes results of a study of a sufficiently large group of people
61. Degenerative illnesses sometimes known as ____.
diseases of affluence
78. The habit of hara hachi bu in Okinawan culture involves ____.
eating until only 80 percent full
53. A(n) _____________ examines populations to determine food patterns and health status over time.
epidemiological study
37. Limiting fat intake to 20 to 30 percent of total calories is recommended to reduce the risk of ____.
heart disease
41. The physiological need for food is also known as _______.
hunger
51. Cultural norms help determine food choices by ____.
influencing beliefs about which plants and animals should be eaten as food
22. Jerry signs up for a scientific study in which he will follow a special diet that may lower his high blood cholesterol level. This is a(n) ____.
intervention study
49. Dietary recommendations for sugar are to consume ______ of total calories from added sugars.
less than 10 percent
80. A ______ food is one that is low in calories compared to the amount of nutrients it contains.
nutrient-dense
76. Avoiding the consumption of meat on Fridays during Lent is an example of a food choice based on ______.
religion
40. One nutrition-related Healthy People 2020 objective is to reduce the consumption of ____ in the U.S. population.
solid fats and added sugars
70. Limiting your intake of sodium is most helpful in reducing your risk of ____.
stroke