Nutrition Unit 9 Homework
The consumption of fluoride helps to:
strengthen bones and teeth
Alcohol dissolves in:
water
Rank where water is lost in the body in order from the greatest source of loss to the least
1. urine 2. skin 3. lungs 4. feces
serving size of liquor
1.5 oz
Serving size of beer
12 oz
The adequate intake for total water is approximately ____________ cups per day for young men
15.5
According to the Dietary Guidelines 2010, adults should consume less then ______mg of sodium daily
2300
serving size of wine
5 oz
Similar to selenium, your body uses copper to make several enzymes that function as what?
Antioxidants
Which food source is so abundant in selenium that it is recommended you eat them in moderation?
Brazil nuts
The hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that helps decrease blood calcium when blood calcium levels are too high is called _______________
Calcitonin
ions, lilke magnesium and copper, that help speed up the rate of chemical reactions are called what?
Cofactors
Cells maintain proper hydration by controlling the amounts of ______________ in each compartment
Electrolytes
Minerals that have electrical charges when dissolved in water care called:
Electrolytes and ions
Function of calcium in the body
Forms a structural component of bone
Iron deficiency anemia is often characterized by red blood cells with low levels of:
Hemoglobin
Which mineral is often added to table salt in an effort to reduce the incidence of goiter?
Iodine
The organ that is the major site of body water regulation is the:
Kidney
Where can we find water within the human body?
Lymph, urine, and blood
The major source of iron in the American diet is what?
Meat
What is the main source of heme iron?
Meat
Which gender has a higher amount of body water?
Men
Elements in the earth's rock, soil or water that are required for our health are called what?
Minerals
Which of the following is an organic acid found in spinach, collard greens, and other vegetables that can depress the absorption of calcium?
Oxalic Acid
Function of cobalt in the body
Part of Vitamin B-12
Table salt is chemically known as what?
Sodium Chloride
A ___________ is a liquid substance in which other substances dissolve
Solvent
Function of sulfur in the body
Structural component of certain amino acids
The maximum blood pressure within an artery that occurs when the heart contracts is called the ____________ ______________
Systolic Pressure
Roles in the body for magnesium include:
bone health, energy metabolism, and enzyme activity
When iodine is lacking in the diet during pregnancy, the infant can be born with:
cretinism
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by:
decreased bone mass
What are some roles of water as a solvent?
diluting sodium and dissolving glucose
The most effective time to attempt to reduce the risk of osteoporosis is:
early in life
The iron containing in red blood cells that transports oxygen is:
hemoglobin
Function of iron in the body
incorporated into red blood cells
Possible outcomes of dehydration:
increased muscle weakness, increased fatigue, increased thirst
Hypertensive individuals have a greater risk of what?
kidney failure, heart disease, and stroke
Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium are categorized as ___________ minerals
major
During periods of growth, you are likely to absorb ____________ of a mineral than compared to when you are not growing
more
The typical American diet supplies:
more sodium than potassium
When iron levels become too low, cells in the body make less
myoglobin, hemoglobin, and energy-releasing proteins
Zinc is readily found in which foods?
oysters, red meat, poultry products, and fortified cereals
The two minerals that have a key rold in maintaining fluid balance are:
potassium and sodium
The primary source of dietary sodium in America is:
processed foods
Goiter results from the enlargement of the:
Thyroid Gland
What gland uses iodine?
Thyroid Gland
The water obtained from both metabolic and ecternal sources is called __________ ___________ intake
Total water
Moderate to heavy alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of:
addiction, hypertension, heart failure, certain cancers, liver damage, and motor vehicle accidents
Which of the following effects occur as a result of alcohol consumption?
altered metabolism, increased excretion of certain minerals, and altered absorption of certain vitamins