OBGYN 3
Which of the following conditions requires intermediate delivery of the fetus
Placental abruption
3-D/4d imaging techniques are most common used to evaluate which of the following uterine abnormalities
Polyps
Which of the following refers to hypophosphatasia
Poor skull ossification leads to increased echogenicity of the falx cerebri
The lower uterine segment is only identified in
Pregnant females
_____Is/are the most common fetal arrhythmia but is clinically insignificant in nearly all cases
Premature atrial contractions
The corpus luteum cyst and the placenta produce which hormone
Progesterone
Which hormone stimulates the formation of the cervical mucus plug found in pregnancy
Progesterone
_____Stimulate the endometrial proliferation in the secretory phase
Progesterone
You are evaluating a 20 week fetus for size and anatomy evaluation. A mildly hyperechoic, how much genius, triangular shape math is identified inferior to the level of the heart in the right chest cavity. The remainder of the chest cavity and the heart is normal. This finding is most likely
Pulmonary sequestration
The left atrium receives blood from what vessel
Pulmonary veins
What is the lateral bone of the forearm called
Radius
All of the following refer to omphalocele, exstrophy, imperforate anus, spinal defects complex except
Rarely associated with neural tube defect's
All the following are reasons for polyhydramnios except
Renal a genesis
Which of the following describes the best way to differentiate a fibroid from a Braxton Hicks contraction
Repeat the scan of the affected area in 20 to 30 minutes
When evaluating a patient with suspected pelvic congestion, the patient should be scanned in the
Reverse Trendelenburg
Which of the following is used to treat RH incompatibility
RhoGAM
The first cardiac chamber to receive oxygenated blood from the placenta is
Right atrium
Which of the following is not true regarding the Broad ligament
Rigid structure that family holds the uterus and position in the pelvic cavity
All of the following will increase with a dysgerminoma except
Serum white blood cell count
The crown rump length of measure 7 mm. What is the estimated gestational age of the pregnancy
Seven weeks
Which of the following diagnostic techniques is preferred for the evaluation of endometrial polyp's
Sonohysterography
B color can be helpful in evaluation of
Subtle differences in tissues
Which of the following schedule till I'm there Maddie's is defined by the presence of webbing between the digits
Syndactyly
Which of the following is least likely to indicate embryonic demise
TV ultrasound identifies a gestational sac with MSD 12 mm and 5 mm yolk sac but no embryo
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Doppler evaluation of the umbilical artery
The Doppler cursor angle is relatively unimportant when evaluating them umbilical artery flow
All of the following are causes for infertility, except
The a lutein cyst
In a 28 week pregnancy, pre-void measurement of the cervix demonstrates a 6.7 cm length and a 2cm AP dimension. Which of the following statements is true regarding this finding
The cervix is most likely compressed by the urinary bladder and post void measurements should be taken
What is the function of the choroid plexus
The choroid plexus is responsible for production of cerebrospinal fluid
In an early intrauterine pregnancy, the amniotic sac and yolk sac or collectively called
The double bleb sign
All the following are true regarding fetal femur assessment, except
The femoral lengths are usually normal in cases of symmetric IUGR
Which of the following correctly describes the normal result for a contraction stress test
The fetal heart rate increases with each year and contraction induced by the administration of oxytocin
The FL/AC ratio is the preferred ratio for diagnosing asymmetric IUGR. The HC/AC ratio is less sensitive due to
The potential for head sparing
Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a patient in day eight of their menstrual cycle
Thin echogenic line
Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the early proliferative phase
Thin echogenic line
How many bones make up each of the fingers
Three
The chorionicity and amnionicity of a twin pregnancy is determined by
Timing of the cell division in the zygote
The most common complication of a germ cell tumor of the ovary is
Torsion
All of the following ligaments provide support for the ovary, except
Transverse cervical ligament of mackenrodt
My patient presents for an anatomy scan of a 20 week gestation. She states that she has a history of a prior pregnancy with and Epstein anomaly. What is the best way to evaluate the fetus for the abnormality
Transverse view of the fetal chest at the level of the four chambered heart
A fetus with Midline facial clefting, ocular abnormalities, echogenic kidneys and microcephaly is most likely
Trisomy 13
Holoprosencephaly is commonly associated with what fetal anomaly
Trisomy 13
The RT fetal lung appears more echogenic than the left lung tissue in the fetus with hydrops. The doctor suspects congenital cystic adnenomatoid malformation. What type of CCAM. is demonstrated
Type III
All of the following can cause a false positive diagnosis of club foot, except
Uncooperative fetus
Which of the following correctly describes how to assess the middle cerebral artery with PW Doppler
Use a 1 to 2 mm sample volume
What is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly
VSD
You are performing a four week follow up on twins that should be 14 weeks. On today's exam there's only a single normal fetus present and an irregular and anechoic area adjacent to the normal sac. The patient has not experienced any bleeding. What most likely explains these findings
Vanishing twin syndrome
While evaluating the fetal brain of a 27 week fetus, you identify and Anna Quick space Midland to the cerebrum. The space appears to communicate with an anechoic tubular structure coursing inferiorly. Color Doppler demonstrates low velocity , swirling flow within the structures. Which of the following describes the findings
Vein of Galen aneurysm
_______ refers to a normal finding of sebum and epithelial cells that cause the white free floating debris within the amniotic fluid late in pregnancy
Vernix
A sample of amniotic fluid can be tested for increased levels of____that indicate the presence of a neural tube defect
acetylcholinesterase
____Refers to the absence of the hands, while_____refers to absence of the feet
acheira, apodia
If the father has a dominant sex linked trait, what is the chance that his daughter will have the same disorder
100%
Pentalogy of cantrell is associated with following trisomies
13 and 18
Absent cavum septum pellucidum and Septo optic dysplasia are common finding seen with
holoprosencephaly and schizencephaly
The normal corpus luteum cyst thing with pregnancy begins to regress out____gestation and should be totally resolved by week____
14, 16
Postmenopausal ovaries should not exceed
2 cm in any dimension
The dominant follicle normally reaches a maximum diameter of_____just prior to ovulation
2.5cm
The standard BPD most accurately provides an estimated gestational age before_____weeks
20
An IRP bhCG level of______units/ML should definitely correspond with visualization of an IUP by transvaginal ultrasound
2000
The accuracy of fatal measurements in predicting gestational age in the first trimester is within
3 to 5 days
The level of amniotic fluid continues to rise throughout pregnancy until approximately ______weeks and gestational age where it will plateau then decline until birth
33
The normal heart occupies about____of the fetal chest
33%
All of the following have an increased risk of torsion, except
4 cm subserosal fibroid
A mother presents with a history of heterozygous achondroplasia. The father does not share this characteristic. What is the chance that their fetus will have the same skeletal dysplasia
50%
I'm transvaginal ultrasound, the minimum mean sac diameter that should always demonstrate a yolk sac in a normal IUP is
8 mm
Which of the following statements is true regarding a cystic hygroma
A cystic hygroma is caused by a lymphatic system abnormality
Midline facial defects, such as cyclopia and proboscis, are commonly associated with
A lobar holoprosencephaly
Which of the following describes how to differentiate mega cisterna magna from dandy walker malformation
A normal cerebellar vermis is usually seen with mega cisterna magna but not with DWM
A patient presents for a pelvic ultrasound due to suspected year and didelphys. If the exam is positive for anomaly, what do you expect to find on the exam
A right and left a uterine body, cervix and vaginal canal
The ductus arteriosus is
A vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta to bypass the fetal lungs
Transvaginal ultrasound is useful in assessing all of the following and a third trimester fetus, except
AFI
Which of the following statements is true regarding oligohydramnios
AFI less than 5 cm or single pocket less than 2 cm
The femur/foot length ratio should be used to aid in the diagnosis of
Achondroplasia
A 16 week fetus is referred for an anatomy scan. During the fetal head evaluation, the calvarium is found to be absent. Cerebral tissue is present but has an irregular appearance. What is the diagnosis for this finding
Acrania
Last gaining a 22 week fetus, you had dinner by normal long down in the lower extremities with the feet are very small with a shortened tarsals and metatarsal's. Which of the terms describes this isolated finding
Acromelia
A patient presents with a script to rule out a Neuroblastoma and her 28 week fetus. Where will you scan to evaluate the fetus for this abnormality
Adrenals
Which of the following usually require serial exams in the second and third trimester to make an accurate diagnosis
kyphosis
Symmetric IUGR occurs when
All parts of the fetus to be reduced in size by more than two standard deviation's of the current gestational age
Which diagnostic vital procedures performed after 15 weeks gestation and test levels of AFP
Amniocentesis
Which of the following is the leading cause of infertility
Anovulation
When evaluating a patient for suspected endometrial hyperplasia, at what point in their menstrual cycle should the exam be scheduled
Around a five of their cycle just after Menses stops
Which of the following is part of meig syndrome
Ascites and plural effusion
Placental thickness should be measured
At the cord insertion site
Which of the following renal disorders is fatal soon after birth
AutoSomal recessive PCKD
Bilaterally and large, echogenic Fetal Kidneys with a normal bladder most likely indicates
Autosomal dominant polycystic disease
Which of the following is most commonly occur and germ cell tumor of the ovary
Benign cystic teratoma
Which of the following statements is correct regarding Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Both kidneys will increase in size with multiple cysts
What intracranial structure is located anterior to the lobes of the thalamus
Cavum septum pellucidum
Which of the following is the term used to describe a hypoechoic vascular mass adjacent to the cord insertion into the placenta
Chorioangioma
All of the following are a part of the umbilical cord, expect
Chorion frondosum
During fetal development, which of the following describes the fetal component of the placenta
Chorion frondosum
IUGR that is identified in the second trimester is usually associated with
Chromosomal anomalies
A patient presents for fetal dating with history of LMP 5 to 6 weeks and A serum bhCG level of 5500 units/ML. The transabdominal ultrasound demonstrates a fake and endometrium at 20 mm but no gestational sac. Which of the following best describes the next step in evaluating this patient
Closely evaluate adnexa ectopic pregnancy
When attempting to image the fundus of anteverted uterus with TV ultrasound, the tx should be angled so the handle is
Closer to the bed
All the following refer to Treacher Collins syndrome, except
Commonly associated with caudal regression
A velamentous cord insertion is associated with all the following, except
Complete molar pregnancy
Regarding twin pregnancy, division of the zygote is not complete by day 13 of gestation it will result in
Conjoined twins
An encephalocele Can easily be mistaken for
Cystic hygroma
Which of the following procedures is used to treat a patient with a retained products of conception
D & C
All of the following can aid in better visualizing any ovary that is high in the adnexa, except
Decrease image sector size
All of the following are malignant ovarian tumor is that causes increased levels of serum testosterone, except
Dysgerminoma
Elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase are related to which of the following Ovarian neoplasms
Dysgerminoma
Which of the following is least likely to be the cause of a small amount of fluid in the endometrial canal of a 62-year-old female
Ectopic pregnancy
Which of the following is the least likely symptom of retained products of conception
Elevated hemoglobin levels
Which transducer is most commonly used for fetal dating of a six week gestation
Endo cavity
All the following are common sonographic signs of chronic PID, except
Endometritis
What is the first stage of PID that is identified sonographically
Endometritis
What is the best way to rule out dextrocardia
Establish Fetal situs
When attempting to image the fundus of a retroverted uterus with transvaginal ultrasound, the transducer should be angled so the handle is
Farther from the bed
What is anasarca commonly seen with
Fetal hydrops
Which type of breach position is defined as Fetal with one or both feet in the lower uterine segment
Footling
The earliest gestational age they gestational sac can be seen transvaginally is
Four weeks
Which of the following bio metric measurement is most accurate one predicting fetal age
HC
Which of the following usually exhibit poster enhancement
Hemorrhagic cyst
A patient with a history of chronic use of oral contraceptives will have an increased risk of developing
Hepatic adenoma
What is the most common finding with CMV infection that affects the fetal brain
Hyperechoic periventricular halo and septations within the occipital horns
Which placental grade demonstrates the Cotyledons and the placenta on the ultrasound
III
Which of the following correctly describes how to differentiate the right and left ventricle on a four chambered view during fetal US
Identify the moderator band in the right ventricle near the Apex
Which of the following statements about a cute ovarian torsion is incorrect
If ovarian torsion is present, the ovary will be atrophied with no bloodflow detected by color Doppler
All of the following are AIUM Recommendations regarding the use of Ultrasound, except
In order to limit ultrasound intensity, always use PW Doppler instead of M mode to evaluate the fetal heart
After documenting a normal right ovary with normal Doppler flow characteristics on TV sonography, you begin to the left ovary. There is an irregular complex mass within the left ovary. If the mass is malignant, which of the following system adjustments will need to be made to evaluate the flow within the mass with PW Doppler
Increase Doppler scale
During a transvaginal ultrasound exam, you identify a cystic mass on the every that demonstrates artifactual internal echoes anteriorly on the image. What image adjustment can be made to better demonstrate the cyst as anechoic
Increase rejection
What is the best anatomical landmark For identifying the ovaries
Internal iliac vessels
Which of the following is not a characteristic of krukenburg tumor formation of the ovary
Is usually unilateral
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the lemon sign
It is more accurate at predicting spina bifida than the banana sign
The formation of bilateral solid ovarian neoplasms is highly suspicious for
Krukenburg tumors
Which form of achondrogenesis is the least severe
Langer-saldino
Which of the following correctly list of the equation used to calculate ovarian volume
Length x width x height x 0.523
A fetal heart rate_____indicates a significant risk for demise in the first trimester
Less than 80 BPM
Metritis is least likely to be associated with which of the following
Leukopenia
After menses, the ovary enters the follicular phase until ovulation occurs. What is the next phase in the ovarian cycle
Luteal phase
Which of the following is the preferred method to use to document fetal heart motion in a fetus
M mode
Which of the following leads to thinning of the placenta
Maternal HTN
A t-shaped uterus is most commonly associated with
Maternal exposure to Diethlstilbestrol
Which of the following is not a teratogen
Maternal use of folic acid
When fluid is present in the endometrial canal, how should you measure the endometrial thickness
Measure the two layers of functionalis tissue and add them together
A patient presents for a limited follow up exam after a recent exam demonstrated possible hydrocephalus. What should you do first to evaluate the fetus for hydrocephalus
Measure the width of the lateral ventricles
Which of the following are types of spina bifida cystica
Meningocele, myelomeningocele
The_____view of the fetal head is most helpful for detecting facial defects associated with skeletal dysplasia
Mid sagittal
What urinary anomaly usually affects one kidney but can lead to a bilateral renal enlargement due to contralateral renal compensation
Multicystic kidney disease
In the second trimester, which of the following parameters are not used to calculate fetal weight
NSF
While performing in anatomy scan on a 22 week fetus, you are unable to obtain a cross-section image of the umbilical cord to demonstrate the number of umbilical artery's. What is an alternative method to evaluate the arterial anatomy of the cord
Obtain a transverse view of the fetal pelvis at the level of the bladder and apply color Doppler
Which Of the following is not commonly associated with anencephaly
Oligohydramnios
Preimplementation genetic screening is performed
On embryos prior to implantation with ivf
During which week of menstrual cycle is best to evaluate a patient with normal cycles and possible right ovarian cyst
One
When performing the abdomen, thoracic or head circumference for fail dating, is important that the elipse surrounds the
Outer aspect of bony structures, without including the superficial skin thickness
BPD measurements are taken from____age of a skull to_____age of the skull
Outer, inner
Occurrence of cleft palate with a normal lip is a commonly associated with
Pierre Robin sequence
Which of the following pelvic muscles is most likely to be mistaken for the ovaries
Piriformis