Oceanography Chapter 5

Which of the following best defines heat capacity?

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

As the salinity of seawater increases, its ________.

density increases

The average salinity of typical seawater is ________.

3.5%

Which of the following is the most abundant negatively charged component of seawater?

Chloride

Which of the following processes increases seawater salinity?

Evaporation

Which of the following surface seawater salinity conditions would you predict for the following location: Latitude: 20°N Longitude: 180°W

High surface seawater salinity due to evaporation

A beaker contains a mixture of ice and pure liquid water at 0°C. What happens to the temperature of the liquid water as heat is added?

It remains constant until the ice melts, and then it begins to rise.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Water is able to dissolve nearly everything BECAUSE water molecules interact with other water molecules and other polar molecules.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Density decreases as temperature increases BECAUSE the molecules lose energy and slow down with increasing temperature.

The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

Latent heat is the quantity of heat gained or lost as a substance undergoes a ________.

change in state

Many of the unique properties of water are attributed to the fact that water ________.

is a polar molecule

An area of the ocean where rapid change in ocean density occurs with a change in depth is the ________.

pycnocline

The Principle of Constant Proportions states that ________.

the relative concentrations of the major ions in seawater does not change