Oceanography Chapter 5 test

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negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit an atomic nucleus

electrons

All of the following processes decrease the salinity of water except:

evaporation

The density of seawater is affected by salinity and temperature.

True

The average salinity of typical seawater is:

3.5%.

basic building blocks of all matter

atoms

Latent heat is the quantity of heat gained or lost as a substance undergoes a:

change in state.

bonds that hold adjacent water molecules together

hydrogen bonds

desalination solar distillation pycnocline electrolysis reverse osmosis

pynocline

A rapid change in ocean temperature with a change in depth occurs in the:

thermocline

temperature salinity thermocline pycnocline distillation

distillation

which latitudes would most highest average water temperature

low latitudes

Which latitudes with one find the highest average salinity for the surface ocean?

middle latitudes

All of the following are methods used to desalinate water except:

osmosis

pH latitude precipitation salinity temperature

pH

A. boiling point B. precipitation C. freezing point D. heat capacity E. surface tension

precipitation

As a whole,, the pH of the ocean is slightly alkaline

True

Any solution with a pH of greater than 7.0 is acidic.

False

In distillation, saltwater is highly pressurized to drive water molecules through a membrane to remove salts.

False

The density of seawater is slightly lower than the density pure water.

False

Deep-ocean water contains more carbon dioxide than surface water because deep water is colder and has the ability to dissolve more gases.

True

Precipitation, runoff, melting icebergs, and sea ice formation all decrease salinity.

True

Water is the only naturally occurring substance on Earth that readily exists in all three states of matter simultaneously (ice, water, and water vapor).

True

bonds that involve the sharing of electrons between atoms

covalent bonds

precipitation

decreases seawater salinity

river input

decreases seawater salinity

Which property of water causes coastal communities to have only moderate differences in daily highs and lows when compared to inland communities?

high heat capacity

which latitudes would be most likely to have no pycnocline

high latitudes

sodium ion calcium ion potassium ion hydrogen ion magnesium ion

hydrogen ion

evaporation

increases seawater salinity

sea ice formation

increases seawater salinity

charged atoms due to the gain or loss of one or more electrons

ions

many of the unique properties of water are attributed to the fact that water:

is a polar molecule

The surface tension of water:

is relatively high

The states of matter in which water exists is primarily determined by:

temperature

The Principle of Constant Proportions states that:

the relative concentrations of the major ions in seawater does not change.


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