Organizational Behavior Ch 7

negative emotions

Are limiting Spur you to act in narrow or specific ways

Positive emotions

Are resources that fuel individual, group, and organizational flourishing Help build social, psychological, and physical resources Combat negative emotions Broaden your mindset, open you to consider new things Have benefits which endure over long periods of time

Mindfulness

The awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose Is in the present moment Is nonjudgmental to the unfolding of experience moment by moment Requires effort because the brain works in ways that detract from staying focused Improves interpersonal communication Requires attentional balance

Inhibitors of Mindfulness

Attentional deficit -Inability to focus vividly on an object Attentional hyperactivity -Happens when our minds are racing or wandering, resulting in compulsive daydreaming or fantasizing

Strategies to Increase Positivity

Create high-quality connections Cultivate kindness Develop distractions Dispute negative self-talk and thoughts

Emotions

Emotions are relatively brief psychological and physiological reactions that have a particular target, such as a person, situation , event, or nonevent. Positive emotions are relatively flexible individual differences and are important processes in the Integrative Framework. Negative emotions spur you to act in quite narrow or specific ways. Fear may motivate you to flee and anger may motivate you to fight. Positive emotions in contrast tend to broaden your mindset, open you to consider new, different, if not better alternatives when trying to solve a problem.

Benefits of Mindfulness

Increased Physical, Mental, and Interpersonal Effectiveness More Effective Communications More Balanced Emotions Personal Effectiveness

Conscious Capitalism

Integrating POB through every aspect of the organization and incorporating: Higher purpose (beyond profit maximization). Stakeholder interdependence (rather than shareholder-centric). Conscious leadership (instead of "carrots and sticks"). Conscious culture (instead of bottom-line focused).

Resilience

The capacity to consistently bounce back from adversity and to sustain yourself in the face of the demands of positive events

Optimism

Optimists view successes as due to their personal, permanent, and pervasive causes, and negative events to external, temporary, and situation-specific causes Optimists are realistic and flexible Optimism is self-inspirational

Creating a Climate that fosters positive ob requires

Organizational Climate Organizational Values Organizational Practices Virtuous Leadership

The benefits of OB?

Positive deviance: Successful performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a positive direction Provides insight into predictors of job performance Job satisfaction is not the strongest or best predictor of job performance. POB provides you with additional useful insights beyond job satisfaction and other attitudes for predictors of performance.

Organizational Values

Restorative Justices Compassion Temperance

Mindlesness

State of reduced attention expressed in behavior that is rigid or thoughtless Failure to control emotions is a key component Requires minimal information processing Done automatically Associated with poor mental and physical health

flow

The state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake.

What is Positive OB?

The study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths and the psychological capacities that can be measured, developed, and effectively managed for improvement performance in today's workplace

Multiple Positives for every negative

This means that you can't simply remedy a negative experience with a positive. Instead, to flourish and experience the benefits of POB discussed in this chapter you must have three, five, or more positive experiences for every negative. It also is helpful to know that you don't need to focus on which positive emotions you feel at a particular time, just be sure that you have multiple positives for every one negative.

Buffering affect

To buffer means to reduce or counteract the effects of something that is happening in our lives. In the buffering effect, positive practices buffer or reduce the impact of negative events and stressors. They do this by enhancing what is called psychological capital.

Elements of well being and and flourishing

Well-being is the combined impact of five elements—positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement (PERMA).

Efficacy

a component of a person's core self-evaluation; it influences how we perceive ourselves and how we perceive the world.

amplifying effect

positive practices have an amplifying or escalating effect on positive outcomes because of their association with positive emotions and social capital. Mutually reinforcing cycles of positivity occur, for example, when we observe kindness, compassion, and gratitude. People are more likely to exhibit prosocial behaviors when POB is taking place in their work environments. Prosocial behaviors are positive acts performed without expecting anything in return.

Two components of hope

willpower and waypower. This means to have hope you need to have a goal and the determination to achieve it (will-power), and you need to see one or more alternative paths to achieve your goal, even when faced with adversity (waypower).

The positivity effect

the attraction of all living systems toward positive energy and away from negative energy, or toward that which is life giving and away from that which is life depleting." Organizations that use positive practices are more likely to create an atmosphere of positive energy, which in turn fuels increased performance.