Organizational Behavior Test #2

You are unlikely to say anything to someone smoking in the nonsmoking section of a restaurant unless you are irritated by this behavior. A lack of irritation implies that the _______ component of your attitude toward people smoking in restaurants is neutral.

Affective

Short Question: What is attitude (2 points) Explain the three components of attitudes (6 points). How are attitudes related to cognitive dissonance ?

An attitude is how one perceives and feels about an object or situation 3 Types: Affective attitude - how you feel about a thing or object Cognitive attitude - what you believe about a thing or object Behavioral attitude: how you act about that certain thing or object Cognitive dissonance becomes related when your attitude towards something doesn't align with a certain behavior or decision that has or has to be made

____________ intelligence is the potential to use mind and body to coordinate physical movement

Bodily-kinesthetic

You are unlikely to say anything to someone using a cell phone in a restaurant if you believe cell phone use helps people manage their busy lives. Your belief reflects the __________ component of your attitude toward people using cell phones in restaurants.

Cognitive

As a senior serving as the student representative on the Ethics Advisory Board of your university, you feel strongly that cheating on college examinations is unethical. You have never cheated on any exam in your academic career. However, this semester your best friend was desperate for your help, and you allowed him to take a quick "peek" on your answer sheet. Since then, you feel uncomfortable every time you think of the situation. Which of the following concepts best explains your psychological discomfort?

Cognitive Dissonance

Regarding the Big Five personality dimensions, a person scoring high on ________ is dependable, organized, and thorough

Conscientiousness

Caroline's mother asks her about her new math teacher. Caroline feels that the teacher is good, but not as good as Caroline's favorite teacher, Mrs. Stinson. So, she tells her mother that the new teacher is good, but not great. Which of the perceptual errors is affecting Caroline's judgement?

Contrast effect

___________ is defined as the ability to perceive and express emotion, assimilate emotion in thought, understand and reason with emotion, and regulate emotion in oneself and others.

Emotional Intelligence

Which of the following might occur when organizations give financial incentive to prevent dissatisfied employees from quitting ?

Employees level of continuance commitment increases

Involves interpreting and translating raw information into mental representations or categories.

Encoding and simplification

True of False? It is immoral or bias to possess stereotypes and we can prevent ourselves from thinking them

False

True or False: The Myers-Briggs Type indicator can be used as part of the recruitment process and inform hiring decisions

False

If you fail this test, you'll likely experience ___________ emotions

Goal Incongruent

You are rushing to class when a Ryan, who is your friend stops you and begins to discuss a personal problem. You want to break off the conversation so that you can get to class on time. You glance at your watch, but he keeps talking. You say "I've got to go. I'm going to be late for class. He continues. Your turn and start to walk away, but Ryan follows you and keeps talking as if he never received any of your verbal and nonverbal signs that the conversation must end. Which of the following concepts best explains Ryan's behavior?

He is a low self-monitor

Individuals who see themselves as worthwhile, capable, and acceptable have

High self-esteem

_____________ is an effective or emotional response toward various facts of one's job

Job satisfaction

John is Harry's boss, and really likes the way Harry handles a number of people-related issues. John feels that Harry is an up-standing guy who cares about other people, even though he is not very good at technical aspects of his job. John uses this overall impression and gives Harry a good rating in the performance evaluation. Which of the following perception errors explains John's behavior ?

Leniency

Linda received the highest grade on her mid-term in her history class. She attributed her success to studying harder for the history mid-term than she had for any other examination. She contributed her failure to do well in the other subjects to unfair examinations or to bad luck. Which of the following biases influenced her perception of the situation - the fundamental attribution bias or the self serving bias? [5 points]? Explain [if you name the correct bias, 5 points].

Linda's perception of her mid-term exam grade was based on the self-serving bias. This bias is when someone credits success to their own hard work" and pushes failure off by blaming it on a reason unrelated to themselves. Linda showed both sides of this example by attributing her success to herself studying harder and claiming she failed due to unfair examinations/bad luck. Blaming her failure to bad luck also shows Linda has an external locus of control

John, a middle-level manager, noticed that all his subordinates were filling out their monthly reports incorrectly. He concluded that the report forms were too complicated and needed to be revised. John is basing his decision on which type of attributional information

Low consensus

__________ consists of employee behaviors that are beyond the call of duty and exceed work-role expectations

Organizational citizenship behaviors

Which of the following is a personal characteristic that influences employee engagement ?

PE Fit

The most influential factor in determining whether or not an individual has high self-efficacy or low self-efficacy is

Prior experience

Sharon observes her older co-worker, Robert, being rude to a new trainee. She has seen this behavior in Robert whenever the company brings in new trainees. Sharon believes that Robert resents the younger management trainees, who he refers to as "know-it-alls." She talks to him about _______ to help him understand.

Retrieval and response

A _________ represents a person's mental picture or summary of a particular event or type of stimulus.

Schema

________ is a person's belief about his or her chances of successfully accomplishing a specific task

Self-Efficacy

According to our reading (The Young & the Clueless, promoting ________ too quickly prevents them from developing

Talented young managers; key emotional competencies

Based on research on the Big Five personality dimensions, which of the following of the is true?

The Big Five personality seems to be valid across a number of different countries & cultures

Which of the following stimuli would be most salient

The fire alarm going off in the middle of lecture

Frank had a 10:00 am job interview. Although he showed up 10 minutes late, he was still hired. The job of stocker required Frank to maintain adequate supplies of construction material in the warehouse. Two weeks after he was hired, stock of one key component was seriously low. Frank's supervisor, Jim began to wonder if Frank has the skills and motivation necessary to succeed in this organization. Jim decided to keep a closer eye on Frank's performance. Although he didn't like to admit this, this increased supervisory attention made Frank nervous. He felt like Jim was watching his every move and expecting him to make another mistake. Because he was nervous, Frank made several other errors on the job. Which of following best explains this situation?

The self-fulfilling prophecy

Personality is generally stable over the course of an individual's life

True

The self-serving bias is evident when students attribute their high grades to hard work and ability but attribute low grades to unfair tests, bad luck, or poor teaching

True

True of False: Historically intelligence has measured only verbal, mathematical, and reasoning skills (i.e, Sat/ACT & GRE tests )

True

Jim, who has an internal locus of control, failed his last history test. Jim is apt to respond to the bad grade by _________________________

admitting that he hadn't studied hard enough to prepare himself

____________ refers to the employees emotional attachment to, identification with, and involvement in an organization

affective commitment

__________ are suspected or inferred cause of behavior

casual attributions

Oliver stole three laptops from his workplace and sold them through an online buying and selling website. Oliver's stealing action is classified as a(n):

counterproductive behavior

The authors of The Younf & the clueless outline five policies/programs that can help with the above. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

flexible scheduling

According to Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, an individuals _________ is the best predictor of behavior

intention

In which of the following stages of life is a person least likely to change his or her general attitudes ?

middle adulthood

In Kelly's model of attribution, consensus attributions relate to ______________, distinctiveness attributions, relate to _______, and consistency attributions relate to ______________

other people; other tasks; time

According to Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, __________________ refers to the perceived social pressure to perform or not to perform the behavior.

subjective norm

According to the value-based model of work/family conflict, _______________ involves the amount of value agreement between employee and employer.

value congruence