Origin, Insertion, Action

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Action: Plantar flexion

Gastrocnemius action

Insertion: Calcaneus

Gastrocnemius insertion

Origin: Femoral condyles

Gastrocnemius origin

Action: Extension and lateral rotation at hip

Gluteus maximus action

Insertion: Iliotibial (IT) band and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Gluteus maximus insertion

Origin: Posterior and lateral portions of ilium, sacrum, coccyx

Gluteus maximus origin

Action: Extension and adduction at shoulder

Latissimus dorsi action

Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Latissimus dorsi insertion

Origin: Spinous processes of inferior thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia

Latissimus dorsi origin

Action: Elevates mandible/closes jaws

Masseter action

Insertion: mandibular ramus

Masseter insertion

Origin: Zygomatic arch

Masseter origin

Action: Flexion and adduction at shoulder

Pectoralis major action

Insertion: Greater tubercle and intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Pectoralis major insertion

Origin: Sternum and clavicle

Pectoralis major origin

Action: Flexes spine; assists with exhalation

Rectus abdominis action

Insertion: Lower ribs and xiphoid process

Rectus abdominis insertion

Origin: Pubic bones

Rectus abdominis origin

Action: Extension at knee; flexion at hip

Rectus femoris action

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Rectus femoris insertion

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine

Rectus femoris origin

Action: Dorsiflexion at the ankle

Tibialis anterior action

Insertion: First metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform bone

Tibialis anterior insertion

Origin: Lateral condyle of Tibia

Tibialis anterior origin

Action: Stabilize and move the scapula; extend neck

Trapezius action

Insertion: Clavicle and acromion and spine of scapula

Trapezius insertion

Origin: External occipital protuberance and spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Trapezius origin

Action: Extension at elbow

Triceps brachii action

Insertion: Olecranon of Ulna

Triceps brachii insertion

Origin: Lateral head: posterior and proximal region of humerus Long head: inferior border of glenoid cavity Medial head: Posterior region of humerus

Triceps brachii origin

Action: Flexion of elbow; supination

biceps brachii action

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

biceps brachii insertion

Origin: Long head: superior border of gelenoid cavity Short head: coracoid process

biceps brachii origin

Action: Flexion at the knee; extension at the hip

biceps femoris action

Insertion: Head of fibula; lateral condyle of tibia

biceps femoris insertion

Origin: Long head: Ischial tuberosity Short head: Linea aspera

biceps femoris origin

Action: Abduction at shoulder

deltoid action

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

deltoid insertion

Origin: Clavicle and acromion/spine of scapula

deltoid origin

Action: Expands thoracic cavity for inhalation

diaphragm action

Insertion: Central tendon of the diaphragm

diaphragm insertion

Origin: Xiphoid process, lower ribs, and anterior surfaces of lumbar vertebrae

diaphragm origin


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