Parts of a Tree for Thursday's Quiz
Mycorrhizae
A mutualistic association of plant roots and fungus
Sapwood
Active xylem that transports water and nutrients
What can be determined by a growth ring?
Age (when tree was cut down at a certain height) and growing conditions
Inner bark
Also known as Phloem
Sapwood
Also known as Xylem, Living Cells Area in plants that surrounds heartwood and is active in fluid transport up the tree
monocot
An angiosperm that has only one seed leaf.
Dicot
An angiosperm that has two seed leaves
Heartwood
Darker in color and provides support to tree, Dead Cells
Phloem
Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances from the leaves in the canopy down to the roots for storage
Order of layers - outside in
Outer bark, phloem, cambium, xylem, heartwood, pith
Order of layers - inside out
Pith, heartwood, xylem, cambium, phloem, outer bark
Leaf Vein
Small tubes in plant leaves that carry water from the stems into each leaf
Dendrochronology
The process of counting tree rings to determine the age of a tree and overall events in a specific ecosystem over time
Leaf Petiole
The stalk of a leaf. It connects the blade to the tree itself
Cambium
The thinnest layer, Layer of actively Dividing Cells A layer of cells in a plant that produces new phloem to the outside and new xylem to the inside. It can be anywhere from 1-3 cells thick. It leads to secondary growth (diameter).
Secondary Growth
When Trees gain with by lateral meristems dividing and the cambium dividing to increase diameter
Primary Growth
When trees grow upwards and downwards due to meristematic tissue (terminal meristem) dividing. Height is a result
Pith
center; soft part of stem or a tree. It is found within the heartwood.
Summer Wood (Late)
darker, denser portion of a growth ring
Increment Borer
device used to take core samples from trees to determine age or detect problems.
Tree Cookie
horizontal section of a tree which shows tree rings Cross sections of tree trunks that illustrate how trees grow
Outer Bark
inactive phloem that protects the tree. It is a tree's first line of defense and can be compared to our skin
Leaf Blade
large broad part of the leaf
Spring Wood (Early)
lighter colored portion of a growth ring
Inner Bark
phloem; transports food downward in a tree.
Tap Roots
primary root found in some plants that grows longer and thicker than the other roots.
Tree core
small diameter straw shaped sample of a tree
Xylem
vascular tissue that carries water and nutrients upward from the roots to every part of a plant. It will move toward the center and eventually become heartwood. Sapwood is lighter in color and living, while heartwood is darker in color and non living. Both of these make up xylem
