Patho Chapter 27 Quiz

Scrotal pain in males and labial pain in females may accompany renal pain due to a. associated infections. b. associated dermatomes. c. muscle tension. d. anxiety.

Associated dermatomes

A person with acute pyelonephritis would most typically experience

Fever

Findings that should prompt an evaluation for renal cancer include a. bacteria in the urine. b. intermittent urinary colic. c. hematuria. d. red blood cell casts in the urine.

Hematuria

Hyperlipidemia occurs in nephrotic syndrome because

Hepatocytes synthesize excessive lipids

The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is?

Hydronephrosis

Calcium oxylate stone formation is facilitated by

Hypercalciuria

The major cause of glomerulonephritis is?

Immune system damage to glomeruli

Nephrotic syndrome involves loss of large amounts of____in the urine

Protein

The main clinical manifestation of a kidney stone obstructing the ureter is?

Renal colic

The urea-splitting bacteria (Proteus, Klebsiella, and pseudomonas) contribute to the formation of_____kidney stones.

Struvite

It is true that polycystic kidney disease

genetically transmitted

Nephrotic syndrome does not usually cause

hematuria

Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include a. anuria. b. proteinuria. c. red blood cell casts in the urine. d. foul-smelling urine.

Proteinuria

The major underlying factor leading to the edema associated with glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome is?

Proteinuria

The pathophysiologic basis of acute glomerulonephritis is?

An immune complex reaction

The most common type of renal stone is?

Calcium

A major modifiable risk factor for nephlithiasis is?

Dehydration

The organism most commonly associated with acute pyelonephritis is?

Escherichia coli

The most common direct cause of acute pyelonephritis is

Infection by E. Coli.

The pain that accompanies kidney disorders is called?

Nephralgia

Glomerular disorders include

Nephrotic syndrome

The most common sign/ symptom of renal calculi is?

Pain

One cause of an extrinsic renal system obstruction is a. clot. b. pelvic tumor. c. neurogenic bladder. d. papillary necrosis.

Pelvic tumor

A patient with gouty arthritis develops renal calculi. The composition of these calculi is most likely to be ?

Uric acid crystals

In addition to E. coli, a risk factor for development of pyelonephritis is a. urinary retention and reflux. b. nephrotic syndrome. c. respiratory disease. d. glomerulonephritis.

Urinary retention and reflux