Patho Chapter 3

A patient has a fever that was induced by damage to the hypothalamus due to intracranial bleeding. The nurse plans care for the patient with which of the following types of fever?

Neurogenic

A patient presented to the emergency department of the hospital with a swollen, reddened, painful leg wound and has been diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cellulitis. The patient's physician has ordered a complete blood count and white cell differential. Which of the following blood components would the physician most likely anticipate to be elevated?

Neutrophils

A client asks why his temperature is always below 98.6. The nurse responds

Normal core temperature varies between individuals within the range of 97.0 to 99.5

A patient is experiencing anorexia, myalgia, arthralgia, headache, and fatigue. The nurse should assess for which of the following?

Temperature

A patients temperature readings are as follows: 99.6F at 4pm; 102F at 8pm; and 97.9F at 12 am/ The nurses hand off report should include which of the following?

intermittent fever

A 24 year old woman presents with fever and painful swollen cervical lymph nodes. Her blood work indicates neutrophila with a shift to the left. She most likely has..

A severe bacterial infection

A nurse notes that a patient with a fever has begun to shiver. The nurse should assess for which of the following events?

Increased temperature

The cardinal signs of inflammation include swelling, pain, redness, and heat. What is the fifth cardinal sign of inflammation?

Loss of function

A nurse assessing an older adult for signs and symptoms of infection in the absence of a fever should assess for which of the following?Select All

-Change in functional capacity -Fatigue -Decreased mental status

A pregnant patient comes to the clinic with symptoms of body aches, headache, and fatigue. A physical assessment reveals enlarged lymph nodes. A diagnosis of toxoplasmosis with chronic inflammation caused by a parasitic organism is determined. Which of the following would most likely also be present? Select all that apply.

-Cysts due to granuloma formation -Increase in eosinophil count

Which statements are true regarding chronic inflammation? Select all

-It is usually a result of persistent irritants -The inflammatory agent is usually resistant to phagocytosis -It involves the presence of mononuclear cells like lymphocytes

The nurse is providing care for several clients on a neurological unit of a hospital. With which of the following clients would the nurse be justified in predicting a problem with thermoregulation?

A 66 year old male with damage to his thalamus secondary to a cerebral vascular accident

Which of the following can the nurse tell a patient about antipyretic drugs during fever?

Antipyretics help to protect the body

A patient with a rising temperature is pale and has begun to shiver. The nurse reports that the patient is in which of the following phases of fever development?

Chill

An older adults dysfunctional temperature regulator function places the client at greatest risk for?

Delayed initiation of appropriate treatment

A nurse is assessing a client for acute inflammation of a wound. For which of these symptoms of infection does the nurse assess?

Edema

Pyrogens are substances that produce fever in the body. Substances such as bacterial products, bacterial toxins, or whole microorganisms enter the body and stimulate the host cells to produce certain mediators. What are these called?

Endogenous pyrogens

A nurse who is providing a staff development in-service determines that the participants understand the information when they state that which of the following aids heat conservation by reducing surface area for heat loss?

Erection of pilomotor muscles

The nurse is reviewing assessment documentation of a clients wound and notes "purulent drainage." The nurse would interpret this as?

Exudate containing white blood cells, protein, and tissue debris

A nurses hand-off reports states that the patient has pyrexia. The nurse plans care for the patient with which of the following events?

Fever

What is the most common cause of drug fever?

Hypersensitivity reaction to medication

A client is experiencing the early stages of an inflammatory process and develops leukocytosis. The nurse recognizes this as an:

Increase in circulating neutrophils

In which of the following patients with a transecting spinal cord injury should the nurse anticipate an impaired ability for temperature regulation?

Injury at T2

There are two types of stimuli that affect the raising or lowering of body temperature. What are these stimuli?

Innocuous and noxious

Most febrile illnesses are due to common infections and are relatively easy to diagnose. In certain instances, however, it is difficult to establish the cause of a fever. In these instances, the elevation in temperature is referred to as a fever of unknown origin (FUO). What is a common cause of FUO?

Malignancies

Place the four successive stages of fever in correct order

Prodromal Chill Flush Defervescencce

A health educator is teaching a group of colleagues about the physiology of thermoregulation. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) exerts a direct fever-producing effect on the hypothalamus.

The nurse is attempting to obtain the most accurate core body temperature of a patient. Which of the following methods should the nurse use?

Rectal

The nurse needs to assess a 1 year old child for fever. Which approach will produce the most accurate reading?

Rectal

A nurse is assessing a client for the classic signs of acute inflammation. The nurse would assess the client for?

Rubor, swelling, and pain

The medical team is assessing a newly-admitted patient who is hypothermic following a night spent lost on a ski slope. The health care professionals would recognize that which of the following phenomena most likely contributed to minimizing the clients heat loss in a cold environment?

The tissue thickness of the outer shell increased and preserved heat

Select the most accurate and comfortable route for the nurse to assess the temperature of an elderly adult

Tympanic route

A client cuts herself with a sharp knife while cooking dinner. The client describes how the wound started bleeding and had a red appearance almost immediately. The nurse knows that in the vascular stage of acute inflammation, the vessels:

Vasodilate causing the area to become congested causing the red color and warmth

An agricultural worker is picking fruit on a day when the air temperature is 106F. Which of the following processes will most likely be occurring while he works?

blood volume to his skin surface will be increasing to dissipate heat

A client asks the nurse what is the most common objective symptom of systemic inflammation during the acute-phase response. The best response would be

fever

When educating a patient with a wound that is not healing, the nurse should stress which of the following dietary modifications to ward off some of the negative manifestations that can occur with inflammation?

Increase your intake of oily fish and fish oil so that you will increase absorption of omego-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Which of the following aspects of a patients site of inflammation would help the care provider rule out chronic inflammation?

Increased neutrophils