Patho/pharma 3b

Placement of a shunt

A client's recent computed tomography (CT) scan has revealed the presence of hydrocephalus. Which treatment measure is most likely to resolve this health problem? increase in CSF volume can be resolved by this

Flaccid motor response

An emergency room nurse receives a report that a client's Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is 3. The nurse prepares to care for a client with which of the following?

Vasospasms and hypertension

Autonomic dysreflexia (autonomic hyperreflexia) is characterized by which of the following?

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

Restoration of the integrity of myelin sheaths would likely result in a slowing or stopping of the progression of:

Polyneuropathy

Guillain-Barré syndrome is characterized by which form of neuron damage?

Polyneuropathy

Multiple sclerosis is characterized by what type of neuron damage? Many nerves are affected by the disease, involving demyelination of peripheral nerves

Afferent, Efferent, and Interneurons

Reflex activity involves which neurons?

Decreased level of oxygen

The health care provider is concerned that a client may be at risk for problems with cerebral blood flow. The most important data to assess would be:

CT scan

The nurse working in an emergency room is caring for a client who is exhibiting signs and symptoms of a stroke. What does the nurse anticipate that the physician's orders will include?

"Because the skull sutures are not fused there may be no brain damage."

The parent of an infant who developed hydrocephalus while in utero is very concerned that the child will have significant intellectual dysfunction. The best response to the parent would be:

Focal lesions of laceration, Contusion, Diffuse axonal, Hemorrhage

What are the primary (or direct) brain injuries?

Brown Sequard

A client who has experienced a spinal cord injury has an ipsilateral loss of voluntary motor function and a contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation. Based on these symptoms, which classification of spinal cord injury does the client have? results from damage to a hemisection of the anterior and posterior cord. The effect is an ipsilateral loss of voluntary motor function from the corticospinal tract and proprioception loss with a contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation from the lateral spinothalamic tracts for all levels below the lesion.

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A client who is being seen in the outpatient clinic reports a single episode of unilateral arm and leg weakness and blurred vision that lasted approximately 45 minutes. The client is most likely experiencing:

Ischemic stroke

A client's emergency magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been examined by the physician and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been administered to the client. What was this client's mostlikely diagnosis?

Closed head injury opposite the area of impact

A client's emergency room report includes the presence of a contrecoup injury. The nurse plans care for a client with which of the following?

Psychological manifestation due to involvement of white matter of cerebral cortex

A nurse caring for a client with multiple sclerosis notes that the client has mood swings. Which cause can best explain this?

bruising on the surface of the brain occurred.

A soccer player has been diagnosed with a brain contusion after being injured in a game. The best explanation of the injury by the nurse would be that:

assess the client for additional signs/symptoms of increased intracranial pressure.

The spouse of a client admitted to the hospital after a motor vehicle accident reports to the nurse that the client has become very drowsy. The nurse should:

cerebral blood flow

This is affected by decreased O2 levels and increased hydrogen ions, carbon dioxide, and PCO2 levels

produces paralysis of the larynx muscles by blocking acetylcholine release.

What is the most accurate description of Botox

Cerebrospinal fluid

Which intracranial volume is most capable of compensating for increasing intracranial pressure?

Nerve fibers destroyed close to the neuronal cell body

Which peripheral nerve injury will likely result in cellular death with little chance of regeneration?