pbhl 1103 midterm
In troubled relationships, an example of criticism would be
"You're the most self-centered person I've ever met!"
Which of the following statements about road safety is true?
Alcohol plays a significant role in bicycle fatalities.
Which of the following is TRUE about the third trimester of pregnancy?
The fetus needs large amounts of calcium, iron, and protein from the mother's diet.
Which of the following is TRUE about panic attacks?
They can lead to social isolation.
A pop quiz in class is an example of
a stressor
Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road. She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths. This is an example of a(n)
adaptive response
Lengthy cohabitation that is considered legally binding in some states is
common-law marriage
During pregnancy, a woman could increase her folic acid intake by eating
dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, and beans
You have been a successful doctor of internal medicine for many years. You recently gave up your large practice in the city to join the staff of a small-town clinic where you will work four days a week. Which method are you using to manage stress?
downshifting
The leading cause of accidental death in the United States is
drug overdose/poisonings
The majority of nighttime sleep is spent in REM sleep.
false
The media are to blame for the perpetuation of violence in our society.
false
A collective term for several positive states in which individuals actively embrace the world around them is
happiness
According to the transtheoretical model, a person in the precontemplation stage
has no current intention to change or believes there is no need to change.
Education and policies aimed at reducing distracted driving within a given population exemplify
health promotion
The typical-use failure rate for a contraception method takes into account which of the following?
human error
Jealousy can be based on all of the following EXCEPT
intense devotion
Violence that occurs between two people in a current or former marriage or sexual or dating relationship is
intimate partner violence
Zack was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). His doctor may include diet and exercise as part of his treatment regimen because
losing weight may reduce his OSA symptoms.
The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges
made same-sex marriage legal in all fifty states.
A person's bone structure is an example of a(n)
nonmodifiable determinant.
Jealousy is more likely when
one partner fears that he or she is losing control over the other.
An adolescent smoker might think lung cancer happens only to old people. This is an example of which factor of the health belief model?
perceived susceptibility
A type of mental illness that involves inflexible patterns of thought that, in many cases, lead to socially distressing behavior is a(n)
personality disorder
The network of blood vessels that provides nourishment to the fetus is the
placenta
The most common cause of female infertility in the United States is
polycystic ovary syndrome
Breakdowns in the criminal justice system contribute to violence when
prisons are overcrowded and mental health services are inadequate.
Which U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1973 gave women the legal right to an abortion?
roe v. wade
The willful, repeated, and malicious following, harassing, or threatening of another person is
stalking
Javier wants to talk with Stephan about his frustration related to Stephan's excessive spending, but as he is speaking, Stephan keeps texting on his cell phone. This is an example of what pattern common in troubled relationships?
stonewalling
Marie's parents have given her money for a down payment on a new car; they are providing her with
tangible support
Violence against people or property that is rooted in political or social objectives and intended to intimidate is
terrorism
A sleep-deprived driver is as impaired as an intoxicated driver.
true
About two-thirds of U.S. abortions are performed before the 9 th week of pregnancy.
true
Psychoneuroimmunology is the scientific study of the interrelationships of mind and body on the immune system.
true
The absence of disease or illness is the optimal description of health.
false
The acronym SMART stands for Serious, Measurable, Adaptable, Realistic, and Time-Oriented.
false
All the following causes of death are linked to modifiable lifestyle behaviors EXCEPT
genetic disease
There is a strong association between abuse of pets and abuse of family members.
true
Healthy life expectancy is another term for life span.
false
Sam and Kris have entered a relationship and are very preoccupied with each other. They constantly want to be with or talk to each other. This example demonstrates that they are
fascinated by each other
Emotional health can best be described as being able to
feel and express emotions appropriately.
Effective health promotion programs
focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health
Cardiovascular disease has been identified as a health consequence of chronic stress.
true
Challenges to successful gay and lesbian relationships often include discrimination.
true
Defense mechanisms are strategies we use to distort our present reality in order to avoid anxiety.
true
Getting enough sleep may reduce a person's susceptibility to colds.
true
Men and women often communicate in gender-specific ways, both in their speech patterns and in their body language.
true
Nearly 2 percent of all college students report that they had attempted to kill themselves in the past year.
true
One of the goals of the Healthy People 2020 public health initiative is to create social and physical environments that promote health.
true
Overseas adoptions can cost $20,000 or more.
true
People with major depression experience physical effects such as sleep disturbance as well as persistent sadness and despair.
true
Psychologically healthy people take time to enjoy and appreciate their surroundings.
true
When trying to drive less aggressively, Bekka observed her family and friends' more careful driving, reflected on what she observed, and changed her driving accordingly. This is an example of the social cognitive model of behavior change.
true
Because it increases one's susceptibility to negative health outcomes, alcohol abuse is an example of which type of behavior?
risk
Having unprotected sex is considered a
risk behavior
A person's realistic sense of self-respect or self-worth is referred to as
self-esteem
Which of the following traits is important in relationships and involves having a realistic appreciation of one's own worth and ability?
self-nurturance
Aggression is more likely to occur during times of acute stress.
true
Any one dimension of psychological health can affect the others
true
Being able to perform activities of daily living is an aspect of physical health.
true
Contraceptive implants are more effective at preventing pregnancy than oral contraceptives.
true
Current research suggests that being happy or unhappy has no direct effect on mortality.
true
Cutting or self-mutilation can be a sign of borderline personality disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, or an anxiety disorder.
true
Emotional and psychological violence can cause as much harm as physical blows or injuries.
true
Even a full year after a tornado struck their town, community residents were at increased risk for traumatic stress.
true
For a low-income individual without dental insurance, cost can be a perceived barrier to obtaining necessary dental care.
true
Hate crimes sometimes occur because the perpetrator is retaliating for a perceived insult, unfairness, or slight.
true
Health-related quality of life describes the impact of an individual's health on his or her daily functioning.
true
In most cases, the perpetrators of child abuse are members of the child's family.
true
Laughter may increase endorphin levels
true
REM sleep restores the body.
true
Sexual jokes, suggestive comments, and sexual innuendo are forms of sexual harassment.
true
Sleep helps the body to conserve energy.
true
Social factors, biology and genetics, individual behavior, health services, and policymaking all combine to determine a person's health status.
true
Social isolation increases the risks for several factors associated with heart disease and cancer.
true
Some research suggests that evolution and genetics both contribute to romantic reactions.
true
Stress can have positive health effects.
true
Stress is thought to be related to an increased risk for type 2 diabetes.
true
Studies associate mindfulness with pain relief.
true
The abortion method known as "partial birth abortion" is illegal in the United States.
true
The longer you sleep, the more time you spend in REM sleep.
true
The meta-message is the message underlying the words that the speaker is trying to convey.
true
The most common cause of male infertility is low sperm count.
true
The need for intimacy means the need for someone with whom we can share our feelings freely.
true
n unintentional injury is one in which the injury happens due to circumstances, without a deliberate intent to inflict harm.
true
All of the following are basic mindfulness skills EXCEPT
tuning out a noisy student in the library.
According to a major U.S. consensus statement, most adults should get how many hours of sleep per night for optimal health?
7 or more
Which of the following statements about the amino acid tryptophan is true?
Peanut butter, bananas, milk, yogurt, and eggs are among the foods high in tryptophan.
Which of the following is TRUE about major depression in college students?
Schizophrenia is a mental illness with biological origins.
Which of the following is TRUE about marital rape?
Several states may treat marital rape as a lesser crime.
Which of the following statements about guns in America is true?
Some researchers believe that there are more guns in the United States than there are people.
Which of the following is TRUE about major depression?
Symptoms include feeling hopeless and difficulty concentrating.
Jo has been seeing a stress-management counselor since she moved to a new city to attend college. Which of the following is the most likely recommendation of the counselor?
Work to maintain healthy relationships with family members and old friends, while also cultivating new sources of social support.
Jeff and Dana have been married for two years. Their relationship involves exclusive sexual involvement with each other. This demonstrates
a monogamous relationship
Greg and Kate always support each other's interests, hoping to ensure that the other will succeed. This BEST demonstrates that they are
advocates for each other
Chronic secretion of cortisol increases the risk for diabetes by
affecting blood glucose levels
Preconception health involves all of the following EXCEP
avoiding food containing folic acid.
An appraisal of the relationship between an object, action, or idea and some attribute related to it is a(n)
belief
Which of the following groups of Americans is most likely to unintentionally fall asleep during the day?
between 18 and 25
In relationships, the process of resolving differences peacefully and creatively is
conflict resolution
Going out for dinner at your favorite restaurant as a reward for finishing a big project is an example of a
consumable reinforcer.
The various methods used to prevent conception are known as
contraception
The sum of exposure to stressors, including complex traumas, is known as
cumulative adversity.
Health and wellness are best described as
dynamic
If someone you know has been raped, one of the most important steps to take is to
encourage him or her to see a doctor immediately.
A cause of infertility in which uterine tissue is implanted outside the uterus and blocks the fallopian tubes is
endometriosis
Violence directed at others and based on prejudice and discrimination is
ethnoviolence
Ken is the new pastor at a local church. He is both nervous and excited about his new post and is looking forward to meeting all the members of his new congregation. This process will take some time and effort, but he is convinced that it will help him learn how to serve them better. Ken's situation is an example of
eustress
A disabled person can never achieve the highest level of wellness
false
A relationship is intimate only if sex is involved.
false
According to a recent survey, health concerns are the number-one stressor reported by Americans.
false
All spermicides are effective in preventing sexually transmitted infections.
false
Atheists cannot effectively practice mindfulness.
false
Behavioral therapy focuses on changing a person's habitual attitudes to become more positive and productive.
false
Brenda believes in ghosts. When her friend Manami told her about an investigation showing that a supposed haunting of a local theatre was due to natural phenomena, Brenda tuned out. Brenda was engaging in passive listening.
false
Deep breathing is a technique used in yoga but not in other mind-body practices.
false
Excessive drug and alcohol consumption and poor sleep habits are the primary modifiable determinants related to chronic diseases.
false
Experts advise that, if you are approached by a potential assailant, you should not make eye contact.
false
If you return home to find that your residence has been broken into, you should check every room to see what is missing before calling the police.
false
Multitasking is an effective time-management strategy.
false
Naps are most effective for improving alertness if they are longer than 30 minutes.
false
Nearly 15 percent of all violent acts are attributed to people with serious mental illness.
false
Nicotine and alcohol improve sleep by inducing relaxation.
false
No valid research exists on the effects of massage therapy on mental health.
false
One advantage of the female condom is that it can be used multiple times.
false
One in four new mothers experience postpartum depression.
false
Outercourse is 100 percent effective against STIs.
false
Psychoneuroimmunology studies the effects of disease on emotional health.
false
Restless leg syndrome is an extremely rare disorder, affecting less than 0.5 percent of the U.S. population.
false
Seasonal affective disorder is much more common in the summer than in the winter.
false
Serial monogamy means that partners have sexual involvement outside their primary relationship.
false
The correct term for the uterus in a pregnant woman is the placenta.
false
The new etiquette of relationships established under social media has made it perfectly acceptable to break up with someone online.
false
The only reliable treatment for insomnia is prescription sleeping pills.
false
The wellness continuum ranges from a low point of beginning to experience some type of symptom to a high point of optimal health and well-being.
false
During stage 4, a sleeping person's pituitary gland releases which of the following hormones?
melatonin
In face-to-face conversations,
men frown more often than women, and women smile more often than men.
Makoto has a disability affecting his movement. Throughout high school, he has been rejected, teased, and bullied. Makoto has been experiencing
minority stress
Jake is being treated for depression by a medical doctor who provides talk therapy and has also prescribed medication for his condition. Which type of mental health professional is Jake seeing?
psychiatrist
The mental health professional whose treatment is most likely to be based on Freud's theories is a
psychoanalyst.
Hakim walked into his house one summer day and discovered that the air conditioning was not working. He did not get upset because the last time this happened, he found a great repair company that was fast and affordable; he also had a couple of fans that he used to keep cool until the AC was restored. Hakim did not experience excessive stress because
his appraisal of the stressor told him he could cope with it.
Exercise reduces stress primarily by
increasing endorphins and reducing levels of stress hormones.
Based on a recent cholesterol screening, Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise. Between work and school, his free time is limited, but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health. The best way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to
set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them.