Pediatric Disorders NCLEX
A nurse is preparing for the admission of an infant with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which interventions would the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply. 1. Place the infant in a private room. 2. Ensure that the infant's head is in a flexed position. 3. Wear a mask at all times when in contact with the infant. 4. Place the infant in a tent that delivers warm humidified air. 5. Position the infant side-lying, with the head lower than the chest. 6. Ensure that nurses caring for the infant with RSV do not care for other high-risk children.
1,6
Why is treatment of Kawasaki Disease so imperative within the first 10 days? A. To prevent acquired heart disease B. To prevent further damage to the liver C. To prevent signs and symptoms from progressing D. To prevent the occurrence of Reyes syndrome
A. To prevent acquired heart disease
A client diagnosed with chronic cirrhosis who has ascites and pitting peripheral edema also has hepatic encephalopathy. Which of the following nursing interventions are appropriate to prevent skin breakdown? Select all that apply. A. Alternating air pressure mattress B. Turn and reposition every 2 hours C. Abdominal and foot massages every 2 hours D. Sit in chair for 30 minutes each shift E. Range of motion every 4 hours
A Alternating air pressure mattress B Turn and reposition every 2 hours
Which of the following laboratory values could indicate that a child has leukemia? A. WBCs 32,000/mm3 B. Platelets 300,000/mm3 C. Hemoglobin 15g/dL D. Blood pH of 7.35
A. WBCs 32,000/mm3
An 8-week-old infant is taken to the ER not breathing; which is a finding of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is made to the parents. Which intervention should the nurse take first? A) Allow the parents to see their infant B) Gather the infant's belongings and give them to the parents C) Explain the etiology of SIDS D) Call their spiritual advisor
A) Allow the parents to see their infant
Which cell is the site of origin for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma? A) B or T lymphocyte B) Erythrocyte C) Epithelial cell D) Monocyte
A) B or T lymphocyte
For immunocompromised children with Herpes Zoster (Shingles), acyclovir is given B) Never, due to Reyes Syndrome C) Intramuscular D) Sublingual
A) Intravenously
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY What relieves itching for a child who has Herpes zoster (Shingles)? A) Oatmeal Baths B) Antihistamines C) Aspirin D) Epsin Salt Baths
A) Oatmeal Baths B) Antihistamines
The parents of a pediatric client who has sickle cell anemia ask about the cause of the disorder. Which response by the nurse would best describe the cause? A. "It is caused by a recessive trait the primarily affects African-Americans." B. "It is a rare, malignant disorder of the lymphatic system." C. "It is an inherited disorder caused by the abnormal hemoglobin synthesis." D. "It is caused by an increased demand for iron in the blood stream."
A. "It is caused by a recessive trait the primarily affects African-Americans."
A client that has just been diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease asks the nurse, "How did this happen to me?" What is the correct response by the nurse? A. "The cause of Hodgkin's disease is unknown, but it could be a possibility of having a viral illness, such as mono." B. "That doesn't matter." C. "Hodgkin's disease is caused by trauma to the body." D. "This disease is caused by immunizations."
A. "The cause of Hodgkin's disease is unknown, but it could be a possibility of having a viral illness, such as mono."
A nursing student studies infectious mononucleosis. When the student assesses a patient who has this illness he/she remembers mononucleosis is usually caused by: A. A herpesvirus infection B. A bacterial infection C. A retrovirus infection D. A fungal infection
A. A herpesvirus infection
Which or the following nursing interventions should be implemented to manage a client with appendicitis? B. Assessing for pain C. Encourage oral intake of clear fluids D. Providing discharge teaching
A. Assessing for symptoms of peritonitis
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is confirmed by which procedures? A. Autopsy B. Laboratory analysis C. Chest X-Ray D. MRI
A. Autopsy
A nurse is caring for a child who has cerebral palsy. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to treat painful muscle spasms? Select all that apply. A. Baclofen (Lioresal) B. Diazepam (Valium) C. Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan) D. Methotrexate (Rheumatrex) E. Prednisone (Deltasone)
A. Baclofen (Lioresal) B. Diazepam (Valium)
HF is due to : A. Congenital cardiac defect B. Abnormal mechanical contractions C. Endocarditis D. Volume overload
A. Congenital cardiac defect C. Endocarditis D. Volume overload
A diagnostic workup is being performed on a 1-year-old child with suspected neuroblastoma. The nurse reviews the results of the diagnostic tests and understands that which of the following findings is most specifically related to this type of tumor? A. Elevated vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) urinary levels B. Presence of blast cells in the bone marrow C. Projectile vomiting, usually in the morning D. Postive Babinski's sign"
A. Elevated vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) urinary levels
In addition to presenting symptoms, which laboratory finding indicates nephrosis? A. Hypoalbuminemia B. Low specific gravity C. Decreased hemoglobin level D. Decreased hematocrit
A. Hypoalbuminemia
A RN is reinforcing home instructions to parents of a child diagnose with infectious mononucleosis. The RN would expect the plan to include: A. Notify the physician if the child develops abdominal pain or left shoulder pain B. Keeping the child supine for a week C. Notify the physician if the child develops a fever of more than 99.9 degrees D. That the child is cleared to return to school immediately
A. Notify the physician if the child develops abdominal pain or left shoulder pain
Which of the following are psychosocial outcomes associated with JIA? (Select all that apply) A. Positive body image B. Weight gain C. Freedom from pain D. Maintenance of joint mobility
A. Positive body image
What can a nurse do for a child with HF: A. Provide skin care B. Position the HOB to 90 degrees C. Keep a cool environment D. Document the urine every 3 hours
A. Provide skin care
Which of the following is the most priority nursing diagnosis in a patient with seizure disorders? A. Risk for injury related to seizure activity B. Fear related to the possibility of seizures C. Ineffective individual coping related to stresses imposed by epilepsy D. Deficient knowledge related to epilepsy and its control
A. Risk for injury related to seizure activity
3) When newborns have been on formula for 36-48 hours, they should have a: A. Screening for PKU B. Vitamin K injection C. Test for necrotizing enterocolitis D. Heel stick for blood glucose level
A. Screening for PKU
What is the best way for the nurse to detect fluid retention in a child with nephrotic syndrome who has not yet been toilet-trained? A. Weigh the child daily. B. Check the urine for blood. C. Measure the abdominal girth weekly. D. Count the number of wet diapers.
A. Weigh the child daily.
The parents of a child with ASD (autism spectrum disorder) often express concerns that their child: A. does not seek physical comfort or cuddling B. wants to constantly be cuddled C. is "clingy" with friends and siblings D. is always asking for hugs
A. does not seek physical comfort or cuddling
Which of the following symptoms should an infant exhibit with HF: A. tachypnea B.decreased appeitite C.nocturia D.Back pain
A. tachypnea B.decreased appeitite
The nurse caring for a child with neuroblastoma includes which of the following assessments as a measure of tumor responsiveness? A. Serum copper levels B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) C. Urine catecholamines D. Urinalysis with a culture and sensitivity
C. Urine catecholamines
What is the primary treatment for children with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma? A) Radiation B) Multiagent Chemotherapy C) Stem Cell Transplant D) Hyperthermia therapy Correct Answer: B
B) Multiagent Chemotherapy
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has rhinitis, cough, and diarrhea for 2 days. Upon assessment it is noted that the tympanic membrane has an orange discoloration and decreased movement. Which of the following is an appropriate statement for the nurse to make? A. "your child has an ear infection that requires antibiotics" B. "your child could experience transient hearing loss" C. "your child will need to be on a decongestant until this clears up" D. "your child will need to have a myringotomy"
B. "your child could experience transient hearing loss"
The pediatric nurse understands that the most common cancer found in children is: A. Non-hodgkin's lymphoma B. Acute lymphocytic leukemia C. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia D. Ewing's sarcoma
B. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
2) An infant's PKU test is positive. The nurse's priority is to: A. Provide PKU education to the family members B. Change the infant's formula to Lofenlac C. Obtain an order for packed red cells D. Monitor vital signs every 30 minutes
B. Change the infant's formula to Lofenlac
Myoclonic seizures are characterized by A. Focal electricqal hyperactivity in the brain B. Generalized EEG abnormalities with gerks C. A form of partial seizures D. Secondary generalized seizures
B. Generalized EEG
A client with advanced cirrhosis has been diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse expects to assess for: A. Malaise B. Hand tremors C. Weight loss D. Stomatitis
B. Hand tremors
Spironolacctone (Aldactone) is prescribed for a client with chronic cirrhosis and ascites. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following medication-related side effects? A. Tachycardia B. Hyperkalemia C. Constipation D. Jaundice
B. Hyperkalemia
A school nurse identifies head lice in an 8-year-old student. Which concept should be included when teaching the family about treating this condition? A. Daily washing of hair will prevent the recurrence of the lice. B. If the nit cannot be removed from the hair shaft, the hair shaft should be cut. C. Clothing and towels should be washed in cold water. D. Conditioner should be applied prior to lice treatment.
B. If the nit cannot be removed from the hair shaft, the hair shaft should be cut.
The client is treated for head lice with lindane (Kwell). Following treatment, the nurse reinforces instructions to: A. Remain isolated for 48 hours. B. Inspect hair shafts, checking for nits daily, for one week following treatment. C. Shampoo with Kwell three times per week. D. Wash linens with cold water and bleach.
B. Inspect hair shafts, checking for nits daily, for one week following treatment.
What is the spot called, located between the right anterior superior iliac crest and the umbilicus where pain is felt most when a child has appendicitis? A. Kehrs Point B. McBurney Point C. McMurray's Point D. Ilial Umbilical Point
B. McBurney Point
You palpate a large left intra-abdominal mass in an infant. The most likely diagnosis is: A. Wilm's tumor B. Neuroblastoma C. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
B. Neuroblastoma
The nurse is caring for a 4 year old with cerebral palsy. Which nursing intervention will help ready the child for rehabilitative services? A. Patching one of the eyes to strengthen the muscles B. Providing suckers and pinwheels to strengthen tongue movement C. Providing musical tapes to provide auditory training D. Encouraging paly with a video game to improve muscle coordination
B. Providing suckers and pinwheels to strengthen tongue movement
Nursing care during a seizure include all, except A. Ease the patient to the floor if possible B. Restrain the patient during the seizure to prevent from falling C. Protect the head with a pad to prevent injury D. Loosen constrictive clothing E. If patient is in bed, remove pillows and raise the side rails
B. Restrain the patient during the seizure to prevent from falling
A child returns to school following a 3- week absence due to mononucleosis. The school nurse knows it will be important for the client: A. To drink additional fluids throughout the day B. To avoid contact sports for 1-2 months C. To have a snack twice a day to prevent hypoglycemia D. To continue antibiotic therapy for 5 months
B. To avoid contact sports for 1-2 months
After a client is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia, the laboratory test indicates that the client is neutropenic. The nurse should perform which of the following?" A. advise the client to rest and avoid exertion B. prevent client exposure ot infections C. monitor the blood pressure frequently D. observe for increased bruising
B. prevent client exposure ot infections
When caring for a male client diagnosed with a brain tumor of the parietal lobe, the nurse expects to assess: A. short-term memory impairment. B. tactile agnosia. C. seizures. D. contralateral homonymous hemianopia.
B. tactile agnosia
Indicators for ASD include all the following except A. lack of verbalization B. lack of social ability C. smiling all the time D. lack of response to verbal interactions
C. smiling all the time
Which diagnostic test(s) is/are performed to assist in the diagnosis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma? A) Physical exam and angiography B) Laparotomy C) Blood and urine cultures D) EKG
C) Blood and urine cultures
A nurse is caring for a child who has bronchiolitis. Which of the following are appropriate actions for the nurse to take? (Select all that apply). A. Administer oral prednisone B. Initiate chest percussion and postural drainage. C. Administer humidified oxygen D. Suction the nasopharynx as needed E. Administer oral penicillin
C-humidified oxygen provides moisture to the airway and is an appropriate action for the nurse to take D-Suctioning that nasopharynx will assist the client to clear secretions and is an appropriate action for the nurse to take.
The most frequently used diagnostic test for persons with GERD is: A. A barium enema. B. An upper endoscopy. C. A barium swallow D/ Acid perfusion tests
C. A barium swallow.
Which of the following children is not at risk for developing osteosarcoma? A. A child who received radiation therapy for a previous illness. B. A child who underwent a rapid growth spurt. C. A child who has broken the same bone twice. D. A child who has a family member that was diagnosed with osteosarcoma.
C. A child who has broken the same bone twice.
When a child with nephrotic syndrome is confined to bed, what is an appropriate nursing intervention? A. Restrain the child as necessary. B. Discourage parents from holding the child. C. Adjust activities to child's tolerance level. D. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises daily.
C. Adjust activities to child's tolerance level.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) weakens the lower esophageal sphincter, predisposing older persons to risk for impaired swallowing. In managing the symptoms associated with GERD, the nurse should assign the highest priority to which of the following interventions? A. Decrease daily intake of vegetables and water, and ambulate frequently. B. Drink coffee diluted with milk at each meal, and remain in an upright position for 30 minutes. C. Eat small, frequent meals, and remain in an upright position for at least 30 minutes after eating. D. Avoid over-the-counter drugs that have antacids in them.
C. Eat small, frequent meals, and remain in an upright position for at least 30 minutes after eating.
A 25-year-old client with Grave's disease is admitted to the unit. What would the nurse expect the admitting assessment to reveal? A. Bradycardia B. Decreased appetite C. Exophthalmos D. Weight gain
C. Exophthalmos
When reviewing the management of sickle cell anemia with a parent, the nurse understands further teaching would be needed if the parent said that which of the following circumstances contributed to a crisis? A. Excessive vomiting B. Fever C. Foods that are low in iron D. Emotional stress
C. Foods that are low in iron
A child is recently diagnosed with JIA. The most important priority for the child and family is promotion of: A. Optimum nutrition B. Anxiety reduction C. Growth and development D. Education
C. Growth and development
The nurse is caring for a child with osteosarcoma. Which symptom would the nurse expect? A. Difficulty controlling fine motor movements of the hand. B. Swelling around the area of the elbow. C. Pain in the femur, especially when bearing weight. D. A stiff neck.
C. Pain in the femur, especially when bearing weight.
John's mother just noticed that John has lumps around his neck while bathing him that she has never seen before. What would the doctor associate with the manifestations of Hodgkin's disease? A. Painful, non-moveable lymph nodes B. Bone pain C. Painless, firm, moveable lymph nodes D. Generalized edema
C. Painless, firm, moveable lymph nodes
A nurse is asked to provide education for a 15-year-old who requires surgical treatment for scoliosis. Which should be an appropriate explanation for the adolescent? "The goal of surgery is to": A. Allow you to be taller B. Prevent pain C. Prevent problems with breathing D. Allow clothes to fit you better
C. Prevent problems with breathing
A male client with a cerebellar brain tumor is admitted to an acute care facility. The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for injury. Which "related-to" phrase should the nurse add to complete the nursing diagnosis statement? A. Related to visual field deficits B. Related to difficulty swallowing C. Related to impaired balance D. Related to psychomotor seizures
C. Related to impaired balance
The best way to communicate to a child with ASD about a preocedure they are going to have would be: A. smile to let them know everything is going to be ok. B. tell them they are going to have a shot C. Show them pictures of the procedure that include few simple words D. Explain the procedure in great detail
C. Show them pictures of the procedure that include few simple words
A nurse is caring for a 2 year old child who has had 3 ear infections in the past 5 months. The nurse should know that the child is at risk for developing which of the following as a long-term complication? A. Balance difficulties B. Prolonged hearing loss C. Speech delays D. Mastoiditis
C. Speech delays
A school nurse plans to reinforce information about the most effective methods to prevent the spread of head lice in school age children at a teacher's conference. The most appropriate information to give would be that: A. The classroom should be sprayed with an insecticide at the end of each day B. Hand washing should be done before and after each break by each child C. The children are not to share hats and scarves D. The heads of children are to be checked weekly for lice
C. The children are not to share hats and scarves
A mother had just given birth to her first child. The mother shows concern to the nurse about Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The mother asks the nurse how to position her newborn baby when sleeping. The nurse explains to the mother that the newborn should be placed on: A) Back or prone B) Side or prone C) Stomach with the face turned D) Back rather than on the stomach
D) Back rather than on the stomach
A client is admitted to the unit to determine if his symptoms are being caused by a brain tumor. He is scheduled to have an MRI. Which question by the nurse is most important in preparing the client for the MRI? A. "Have you had anything to eat or drink today?" B. "Are you afraid of the dark?" C. "When was the last time you had a bowel movement?" D. "Do you have a pacemaker?"
D. "Do you have a pacemaker?"
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has acute otitis media. Which of the following is a priority action for the nurse to take? A. Provide emotional support to the family B. Educate the family on the care of the child C. Prevent clinical complications D. Administer analgesics
D. Administer analgesics
The client with gastroesophageal reflux disease complains of a chronic cough. The nurse understands that in a client with GERD this symptom may be indicative of which of the following conditions? A. Development of laryngeal cancer. B. Irritation of the esophagus. C. Esophageal scar tissue formation. D. Aspiration of gastric contents
D. Aspiration of gastric contents
When assessing the development of a 15 month old child with cerebral palsy, which of the following milestones would the nurse expect a toddler of this age to have achieved? A. Walking up steps B. Using a spoon C. Coping a circle D. Putting a block in a cup
D. Putting a block in a cup
The nurse is caring for a child whose parents are both African Americans. The child exhibits swelling of their hands and feet, fever, and signs of blocked capillaries. What is the likely cause? A. Hodgkin's disease B. Diabetic ketoacidosis C. Hyperthyroidism D. Sickle cell anemia
D. Sickle cell anemia
Which of the following terms best describes appendicitis? A. Aching B. Fleeting C. Intermittent D. Steady
D. Steady
The mother of a child with JIA asks the nurse what activities the child can enjoy. Based on knowledge of the physiologic aspects of JIA, which of the following would be the most appropriate? A. Running B. Boxing C. Skiing D. Swimming
D. Swimming
A 2 year old child is diagnosed with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The child's family also includes an 8 year old child. Which statement is correct? A. RSV isn't highly communicable in infants. B. RSV isn't communicable to older children and adults. C. The 2 year old client must be admitted to the hospital for isolation. D. The children should be separated to prevent the spread of infection.
D. The children should be separated to prevent the spread of infection.
A new mother has some questions about (PKU). Which of the following statements made by a nurse is not correct regarding PKU? A. A Guthrie test can check the necessary lab values. B. The urine has a high concentration of phenylpyruvic acid C. Mental deficits are often present with PKU. D. The effects of PKU are reversible.
D. The effects of PKU are reversible.
If the osteosarcoma tumor metastases, which organ is primarily involved? A. The liver B. The brain C. The kidneys D. The lungs
D. The lungs
A diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease is suspected in a 13 year old child seen in a clinic. Several diagnostic studies are performed to determine the presence of this disease. Which diagnostic test results confirm the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease? A. Elevated vanillylmandelic acid urinary levels. B. The presence of blast cells in the bone marrow. C. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus in the blood. D. The presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes"
D. The presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes"
2. What occurs in salt water crisis a) Hypervolemia b) Hypovolemia c) Hyperkalemia d) hypokalemia
b) Hypovolemia
3. What type of gene is CAH: a) Autosomal recessive gene b) Autosomal Dominate gene
a) Autosomal recessive gene
A 33-years old female is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of grave's disease. Which symptom related to the client's menstrual cycle would the client likely report? a) amenorrhea b) metrorrhagia c) menorrhagia d) dysmenorrha
a) amenorrhea
A nurse is teaching the parent of a child who has hand, foot, and mouth disease. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? a. "Your child can be contagious when the symptoms are gone." b. "The incubation period is 10 to 21 days." c. "It is transmitted by droplet." d. "Once infected, your child will be a lifetime carrier."
a. "Your child can be contagious when the symptoms are gone."
A nurse is performing a neonatal assessment. Which assessment should the nurse use to assess for developmental dysplasia of the hip? (Select all that apply) a. Barlow Test b. Trendelenburg sign c. Manipulation of foot and ankle d. Ortolani test
a. Barlow Test d. Ortolani test
The nurse is talking with the family of an 18 month-old newly diagnosed with retinoblastoma. A priority in communicating with the parents is. a. Discuss the need for genetic counseling b. Inform them that combined therapy is seldom effective c. Prepare for the child's permanent disfigurement d. Suggest that totally blindness may follow surgery.
a. Discuss the need for genetic counseling
Which of the following are characteristics of Von Willebrand's Disease? Select all that apply. a. Easy bruising occurs b. Gum bleeding occurs c. It is a hereditary bleeding disorder d. Its characterized by extremely high creatinine levels
a. Easy bruising occurs b. Gum bleeding occurs c. It is a hereditary bleeding disorder
Which phase includes red eyes, high fever, strawberry tongue and rash on main trunk of the body? a. First Phase b. Second Phase c. Third Phase
a. First Phase
A 4 year old is brought into the emergency department by his mother. She reports that he has had an uncontrollable fever for five days. You, the nurse, notice that his lips are cracking, swelling of the hands and feet, erythema of the soles and palms, and a generalized rash. What do you expect the diagnosis from the doctor to be? a. Kawasaki Disease b. Meningitis c. Rheumatic Fever d. Shingles
a. Kawasaki Disease
2. What is a characteristic of chickenpox? a. Lesion appear in crops b. Koplik Spots c. Petechiae on soft palate d. Abdominal cramps
a. Lesion appear in crops
Nurse Mariane is caring for an infant with spina bifida. Which technique is most important in recognizing possible hydrocephalus? a. Measuring head circumference b. Obtaining skull X-ray c. Performing a lumbar puncture d. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
a. Measuring head circumference
What is the major source of nutrients in the basic American diet that correlates with lactose intolerance? a. Milk and dairy b. Fiber and sodium c. Potassium and bananas d. Iron and red meats
a. Milk and dairy
The nurse teaches the mother of a young child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy about the disease and it's management. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates successful teaching? a. My son will probably be unable to walk independently by the time he is 9 to 11 years old. b. Muscle relaxants are effective for some children; I hope they help my son. c. When my son is a little bit older, he can have surgery to improve his ability to walk. d. I need to help my son be as active as possible to prevent progression of the disease.
a. My son will probably be unable to walk independently by the time he is 9 to 11 years old.
A nurse is caring for a child after spinal fusion for scoliosis treatment. The child complains of abdominal discomfort and begins to have episodes of vomiting. On further assessment, the nurse notes abdominal distention. Based on these findings, the nurse should take which action? a. Notify the physician. b. Administer an antiemetic. c. Increase the intravenous fluids. d. Place the child in a Sims' position.
a. Notify the physician.
You are assessing a 5-year-old who has been admitted with an acute respiratory infection. You review the chart and see the child has cystic fibrosis. What is the priority for assessment? a. Opening and maintain a patent airway b. Giving antibiotics to the child c. Checking levels of pancreatic enzymes d. Modifying the child's diet
a. Opening and maintain a patent airway
When planning a screening clinic for scoliosis, the nurse would anticipate targeting which of the following groups? a. Preadolescents at the beginning of a growth spurt. b. Toddlers who have diets low in calcium and vitamin D. c. Preschoolers who are entering kindergarten. d. Infants whose mothers have had no prenatal care.
a. Preadolescents at the beginning of a growth spurt.
A child with Atopic Dermatitis has higher-than-normal colonization of which bacteria? a. Staphylococcus aureus b. Escherichia coli c. streptococci d. Neisseria
a. Staphylococcus aureus
What is one of the major precipitating factors in the development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome? a. Stress b. Ulcers c. GERD d. Stomach Flu
a. Stress
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for helping parents to cope with a child newly diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia? a. Teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation b. Refer them to support groups c. Help parents identify necessary lifestyle changes d. Evaluate and assess parents; stress and anxiety levels
a. Teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation
3. Your 8-yr old patient has DI. While educating the family, the mother asks "If our son has dry mouth and seems extra tired we should immediately give him fluids, right?" Is the mother correct or incorrect?
a. The mother is correct
Why is diagnosing Kawasaki disease so difficult? (Select all that apply) a. There is no specific test to diagnose Kawasaki disease b. Diagnosis is primarily ruling out all other diseases that cause similar signs and symptoms c. Treatment needs to occur within a 10 day window
a. There is no specific test to diagnose Kawasaki disease b. Diagnosis is primarily ruling out all other diseases that cause similar signs and symptoms c. Treatment needs to occur within a 10 day window
Which of the following anomalies typically accompanies hypospadias? a. Undescended testicles b. Ambiguous genitalia c. Umbilical hernias d. Inguinal hernias
a. Undescended testicles
\A nurse is caring for an infant. Which of the following are clinical manifestations of coarctation of the aorta? Select all that apply. a. Weak femoral pulses b. Cool skin of the lower extremities c. Severe cyanosis d. Clubbing of the fingers e. Heart failure
a. Weak femoral pulses b. Cool skin of the lower extremities e. Heart failure
What are some signs and symptoms of croup (select all that apply): a. difficulty swallowing b. rapid breaths (80 breaths per minute) c. sucking in of the chest d. non stop drooling e. vision loss
a. difficulty swallowing b. rapid breaths (80 breaths per minute) c. sucking in of the chest d. non stop drooling
The nurse is caring for a neonate born with a myelomeningocele. Surgery to repair the defect is scheduled the next day. The most appropriate way to position and feed this neonate is to place him: a. prone with head turned to side for feeding. b. on side to facilitate feeding. c. supine in infant carrier for feedings. d. supine, with defect supported with rolled blankets, and with nipple-feeding
a. prone with head turned to side for feeding.
\How would you conserve a child's energy that has coarctation of the aorta? Select all that apply. a. providing frequent rest periods b. clustering care c. providing large meals d. bathing every day
a. providing frequent rest periods b. clustering care
What is the most common bacteria that causes osteomyelitis? a. staphylococcus aureus b. kingella kingae c. escherichia coli d. group B streptococci
a. staphylococcus aureus
2. A child with hemophilia states that he wants to participate in sports. Which sport should the nurse recommend as most appropriate for the child? a)Running b)Swimming c)Biking d)Baseball
b)Swimming
2. At what age do children normally have corrective surgery? a. Right away b. 3-6 months c. 3-6 years old d. 1-2 month
b. 3-6 months
\When caring for a male client with severe impetigo, the nurse should include which intervention in the plan of care? a. Placing mitts on the client's hands b. Administering systemic antibiotics as prescribed c. Applying topical antibiotics as prescribed d. Continuing to administer antibiotics for 21 days as prescribed
b. Administering systemic antibiotics as prescribed
3. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for shingles? a. History of chickenpox b. Age over 20 c. Being treated for cancer d. Weakened immune system
b. Age over 20
What kind of isolation would a hospitalized child with hand, foot, and mouth disease have? a. Droplet b. Contact c. Airborne d. No isolation
b. Contact
The nurse is planning a diet for an eight-year old with cystic fibrosis (CF). which of the following dietary requirements should be considered? a. High protein, high fat and high calories. b. High protein, low fat and high calories. c. Low protein, low fat and low carbohydrates. d. High protein, high fat and low carbohydrates.
b. High protein, low fat and high calories.
What is the most common occurrence of croup a. When there is a bacterial infection b. In boys that are between the age of 6 months and 3 years c. In the lower respiratory tract d. When caused by S. Aureous
b. In boys that are between the age of 6 months and 3 years
What are the most common findings of Retinoblastoma? a. Pain and discharge b. Leukocoria and strabismus c. Photosensitivity and cataracts d. Glaucoma and colored blindness
b. Leukocoria and strabismus
A nurse is caring for a child who is in Bryant traction. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take? a. Place the client in bed with the head of the bed flat and the legs elevated b. Maintain the hips at a 90* angle to the body c. Place the patient in the prone position d. Place the weights on the floor
b. Maintain the hips at a 90* angle to the body
3. Cleft lip and palate normally occur in what population? Select all the apply a. Mexicans b. Native Americans c. Asians d. African Americans
b. Native Americans c. Asians
The most important nursing intervention when caring for a child with myelomeningocele in the preoperative stage is which of the following? a. Take vital signs every hour. b. Place child on side to decrease pressure on the spinal sac. c. Watch for signs that might indicate developing hydrocephalus. d. Apply a heat lamp to facilitate drying and toughening of the sac.
b. Place child on side to decrease pressure on the spinal sac.
3. Which statemtent(s) about VWD are accurate? Select all that apply. a. VWD is an acquired bleeding disorder. b. Prolonged and excessive bleeding and menorrhagia are signs of VWD. c. The von Willebrand protein carries coagulation factor IX. d. VWD is sometimes treated with desmopressin acetate (DDAVP).
b. Prolonged and excessive bleeding and menorrhagia are signs of VWD. d. VWD is sometimes treated with desmopressin acetate (DDAVP).
Which of the following factors should the nurse recognize as predisposing the urinary tract to infections in males or females? a. Increased fluid intake b. Short urethra in young females c. Ingestion of highly acidic juices d. Frequent emptying od the bladder
b. Short urethra in young females
Which statement is true about Celiac Disease: a. The disease results from the inability to digest lactose b. Siblings and children of affected individuals are at a higher risk for the disease c. The major manifestations of celiac disease include fever and vomiting. d. Celiac disease is temporary if treated promptly.
b. Siblings and children of affected individuals are at a higher risk for the disease
A nurse performs an admission assessment on a female client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse reviews the results of which diagnostic test that will confirm this diagnosis? a. Bronchoscopy b. Sputum culture c. Chest x-ray d. Tuberculin skin test
b. Sputum culture
Which of the following symptoms is seen in a child with bronchopulmonary dysplasia? a. Minimal work of breathing b. Tachypnea and dyspnea c. Easily consolable d. Hypotension
b. Tachypnea and dyspnea
What is a primary nursing interventions for the adolescent with IBS? a. Teach them to take laxatives if they feel constipated for more than 24 hours. b. Teach them to maintain well-balanced meals, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, and maintain a exercise regimen. c. Drink coffee to help with symptoms d. Eat 3x the amount of recommended fiber to help with symptoms.
b. Teach them to maintain well-balanced meals, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, and maintain a exercise regimen.
The parent of a child with TB asks a nurse to explain how the TB is transmitted to others. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse: a. Hand and mouth b. The airborne route c. The fecal-oral route d. Blood and body fluids
b. The airborne route
When caring for a patient who has Guillain-Barré syndrome, which assessment data obtained by the nurse will require the most immediate action? a. The patient complains of severe tingling pain in the feet. b. The patient has continuous drooling of saliva. c. The patient's blood pressure (BP) is 106/50 mm Hg. d. The patient's quadriceps and triceps reflexes are absent.
b. The patient has continuous drooling of saliva.
What device is used to realign parts of the palate before surgery? a. No device is used b. Surgery is right away c. Latham d. Lip or palate brace
c. Latham
The mother of a child with hemophilia asks the nurse which over-the-counter medication is suitable for her child's joint discomfort. The nurse should tell the mother to purchase: a. Advil (ibuprofen) b. Tylenol (acetaminophen) c. Aspirin (acetylsalicytic acid) d. Naproxen (naprosyn)
b. Tylenol (acetaminophen)
You are the nurse caring for a 3 year old patient with Kawasaki Disease. What medications should you expect to find? a. methotrexate b. aspirin and intravenous immune globulin c. digoxin d. IV tetracycline and furosemide
b. aspirin and intravenous immune globulin
What is a key sign of a child who has coarctation of the aorta? a. Swollen joints, hands , and feet b. high blood pressure in your arms, but low blood pressure in your legs and ankles c. Loud harsh, murmur d. Cyanosis
b. high blood pressure in your arms, but low blood pressure in your legs and ankles
Which diet should the nurse recommend for a child with celiac disease? a. Wheat and oats b. rice and corn c. barley and rye d. both a and c are correct
b. rice and corn
What is the most common type of CAH: a) Low serum levels b) Ambiguous genitalia c) Salt water crisis d) Increased sodium levels
c) Salt water crisis
After the nurse provides dietary restrictions to the parents of a child with celiac disease, which statement by the parents indicates effective teaching? a. "We will follow this instructions until the symptoms disappear." b. "Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions until adulthood." c. "Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions lifelong." d. "We will follow these instructions until our child had completely grown and developed."
c. "Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions lifelong."
A child is admitted to the hospital with suspected Rheumatic Fever. Which of the following does NOT confirm the diagnosis? a. Reddened rash visible over trunk and extremities b. History of sore throat that is self-limiting in the past c. A negative antistreptolysin O titer d. An unexplained fever
c. A negative antistreptolysin O titer
The most important measure to include in the nursing management for a child with cystic fibrosis would be to? a. Promote optimal nutrition with a high-protein, low-fat diet b. Administer only water-soluble vitamins c. Administer pancreatic enzymes before each meal d. Encourage lots of fluids, especially fruit juices
c. Administer pancreatic enzymes before each meal
What is a major sign/symptom of Irritable Bowel Syndrome? a. Vomitting with alternating diarrhea b. Constipation that goes away within 1 week c. Alternating bowel habits such as diarrhea and constipation d. Impaction
c. Alternating bowel habits such as diarrhea and constipation
Antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) should be administered to a child with Atopic Dermatitis in which way? a. With food b. In the morning c. At Bedtime d. Without food
c. At Bedtime
What food is appropriate for a lactose-free diet? a. Yogurt b. Ice cream c. Broccoli d. Pancakes
c. Broccoli
When is the child with croup most likely to infect others? a. After the incubation period b. Once the cough recedes and the child's temperature is back to normal c. During the first days when the child has a temperature d. Once a cough begins
c. During the first days when the child has a temperature
All of the following are used to diagnosis osteomyelitis, except... a. Radiography b. MRI c. Echocardiogram d. Lab values: elevated ESR
c. Echocardiogram
Which of the following orgnaisms is responsible for the development of Rheumatic Fever? a. Streptococeal pneumonia b. Haemophilus Influenza c. Group A B-Hemolytic Streptococcus d. Staphylococcus aureus
c. Group A B-Hemolytic Streptococcus
Prevention of Rheumatic Fever can best be accomplished by: a. Keeping children with a fever home from school b. Sending children with sore throats home from school c. Having sore throats cultured as soon as possible d. Treating all colds with antibiotics
c. Having sore throats cultured as soon as possible
Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are commonly treated with bronchodilators such as theophylline. Which of the following adverse effects is common with this drug? a. Lethargy b. Decreased calcium level c. Increased heart rate d. Decreased serum potassium level
c. Increased heart rate
All of the following are true statements regarding impetigo EXCEPT: a. The child's school should be notified of the diagnosis b. Scarring may occur if the child picks off the scar prematurely c. Most common during the dry winter months d. Commonly diagnosed by the appearance of the pustluar or crusty lesions
c. Most common during the dry winter months
A nurse is caring for a child who has Muscular Dystrophy. For which of the following findings should the nurse asses? (select all that apply) a. Purposeless, involuntary, abnormal movements b. Spinal defect and saclike protrusion c. Muscular weakness in lower extremities d. Unsteady, wide-based gait or waddling gait e. Upward slant to the eyes
c. Muscular weakness in lower extremities d. Unsteady, wide-based gait or waddling gait
In Retinoblastoma, what is Enucleation? a. A tumor in the lungs b. A yellow discharge in the eye c. Removal of the eye d. A form of cancer
c. Removal of the eye
An example of a disorder inherited in an autosomal-inherited pattern is: a. Hemophilia A b. Beta-thalassemia c. VWD
c. VWD
The nursing care plan for a toddler diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease should be based on the high risk for development of which problem? a. hypertension b. seizures c. coronary artery aneurysms d. stroke
c. coronary artery aneurysms
Your 10-yr old patient is diagnosed with Diabetes Insipidus. You are to treat them with synthetic vasopressin. You read the order wrong and administer 6mcg/mL subcutaneously to the child. You will notice the child: a. acting normal and states he feels better than ever b. has increased urine output and sunken eyes c. has decreased urine output, edema, and complaints of a headache d. the child immediately falls asleep
c. has decreased urine output, edema, and complaints of a headache
A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from bicycle riding. Which of the following is the first nursing action? a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee
A nurse is caring for a toddler who is diagnosed with hip dysplasia and has been placed in a hip spica cast. The child's mother asks the nurse why a Pavlik harness is not being used. Which of the following responses by the nurse appropriately addresses the mother's question? a. "The Pavlik harness is used for children with scholiosis, not hip dysplasia." b. "The Pavlik harness is used for school-age children." c. "The Pavlik harness cannot be used for your child because her condition is too severe." d. "The Pavlik harness is used for infants less than 6 months of age."
d. "The Pavlik harness is used for infants less than 6 months of age."
When reviewing the results of a clean-voided urine specimen, which of the following results would indicate to the nurse that the child may have a urinary tract infection? a. A specific gravity of 1.02 b. Cloudy color without odor c. A large amount of casts present d. 100,000 bacterial colonies per milliliter
d. 100,000 bacterial colonies per milliliter
Impetigo is caused by all of the following EXCPET: a. S. aureus b. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci c. Sarcoptes scabiei d. A combinations of S. aureus and group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
d. A combinations of S. aureus and group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
A community health nurse is conducting an educational session with community members regarding tuberculosis. The nurse tells the group that one of the first symptoms associated with tuberculosis is: a. Dyspnea b. Chest pain c. A bloody, productive cough d. A cough with the expectoration of mucoid sputum
d. A cough with the expectoration of mucoid sputum
By which mode(s) of transmission is chickenpox spread? a. Fecal - oral route b. Sexually transmitted c. Bite of infected animal d. Direct contact or airborne
d. Direct contact or airborne
When talking with the parents of a child or adolescent with a history of Cryptorchidism, the nurse will most stress the importance of the child doing which of the following things? a. Wearing a jock strap while participating in sports b. Complying 100% with hormone therapy beginning at age 15 c. Getting a mumps vaccine booster every 5 years d. Doing monthly self-testicular exams beginning at age 15
d. Doing monthly self-testicular exams beginning at age 15
The nurse should include which of the following facts when teaching parents about handling a child with recurrent urinary tract infections? a. Antibiotics should be discontinued 48 hours after symptoms subside. b. Recurrent symptoms should be treated by renewing the antibiotics prescription. c. Complicated urinary tract infections are related to poor perineal hygiene practice. d. Follow-up urine cultures are necessary to detect recurrent infections and antibiotics effectiveness.
d. Follow-up urine cultures are necessary to detect recurrent infections and antibiotics effectiveness.
When trying to stand the child puts hands on knees and moves the hands up the legs until in a standing position. The name for this is? a. limb girdle b. myotonic c. Becker d. Growers maneuver
d. Growers maneuver
A nurse has provided discharge instructions to the mother of a 2-year-old child who had an orchiopexy to correct Cryptorchidism. Which statement made by the mother of the child indicates that further teaching is needed? a. I'll check his temperature b. I'll give him medication so he will be comfortable c. I'll check his voiding to ensure there are no problems d. I'll let him decide when to return to his play activities
d. I'll let him decide when to return to his play activities
A patient who has numbness and weakness of both feet is hospitalized with Guillain-Barré syndrome. The nurse will anticipate that collaborative interventions at this time will include a. intubation and mechanical ventilation. b. insertion of a nasogastric (NG) feeding tube. c. administration of methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol). d. IV infusion of immunoglobulin (Sandoglobulin).
d. IV infusion of immunoglobulin (Sandoglobulin).
Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a female client with hyperthyroidism? a. Risk for imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess b. Risk for impaired skin integrity related to edema, skin fragility, and poor wound healing c. Body image disturbance related to weight gain and edema d. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
d. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about communicable diseases. Which of the following is the most appropriate method to prevent a communicable disease? a. Handwashing b. Avoiding persons with active disease c. Covering your cough d. Obtaining immunizations
d. Obtaining immunizations
What special consideration should you teach parents when caring for a child with Atopic Dermatitis? a. Instruct parents to keep the child's skin dry b. Teach parents to keep child in water for a long period of time to promote hydration c. Instruct parents to dress child in heavy clothing to induce sweating d. Teach parents to use mild detergents and rinse the clothing twice after washing.
d. Teach parents to use mild detergents and rinse the clothing twice after washing.
Which is NOT an expected outcome for person with lactose intolerance? a. The child will be free from abdominal pain b. The child will have soft, formed stools c. The child will state foods to be avoided or provided in diet and appropriate lactase products d. The child would contain a diet that includes dairy products
d. The child would contain a diet that includes dairy products
Which child is at the highest risk for osteomyelitis? a. a female 13 year old who likes playing soccer b. a male 10 year old with the flu c. a female 4 month old who was small for gestational age d. a male preschooler who likes climbing trees
d. a male preschooler who likes climbing trees
The physician confirms a diagnosis if DI. As a nurse, you should be alert for: a. dysuria b. decreased thirst and decreased urine output c. hyponatremia d. increased urine output and excessive thirst
d. increased urine output and excessive thirst
A 24-year-old patient is hospitalized with the onset of Guillain-Barré syndrome. During this phase of the patient's illness, the most essential assessment for the nurse to carry out is a. monitoring the cardiac rhythm continuously. b. determining the level of consciousness q2hr. c. evaluating sensation and strength of the extremities. d. performing constant evaluation of respiratory function.
d. performing constant evaluation of respiratory function.
True or False, In a hospital setting, children with Herpes Zoster should have their own private room and remain in isolation until infection is over
true
