Pediatric Final
A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about managing hypoglycemia. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? "If you experience hypoglycemia you should..." a) drink 8oz of regular pop b) drink 4oz OJ c) take 2 glucose tablets d) take 3 tsp of sugar
b) drink 4oz OJ
Which type of osteogenesis imperfecta is the most severe? a) Type 1 b) Type 2 c) Type 3 d) Type 4
b)Type 2 trait must be carried by both parents
A nurse is caring for a child who may have intussusception. The parents ask what procedure diagnoses the problem, what should you tell them? a) genotyping b) biopsy c) abdominal ultrasound d) upper GI series
c) abdominal ultrasound
What are some expected findings of a child with Kawasaki's disease? Select all that apply a) Xeropthalmia b) Fever higher than 102.2F c) Cold extremities d) Blue Sclera e) Rash on trunk/genitals f) Red lips + swollen tongue
a) Xeropthalmia b) Fever higher than 102.2F e) Rash on trunk/genitals f) Red lips + swollen tongue Think "Red" for Kawasaki - red hot (fever), red eyes, red rash, red tongue
What are some expected findings of cerebral palsy? Select all that apply a) spasticity b) xeropthalmia c) tremors d) loss of coordination/balance e) moon face f) tooth erosion g) butterfly rash
a) spasticity c) tremors d) loss of coordination/balance
A nurse is assessing a 1-week old infant at a well-child visit. The nurse should notify the provider about which of the following assessment findings? a) Flat, pink area between eyes that blanches b) An area of deep blue pigmentation over the but cheeks c) Blue coloring of sclera d) Patchy, red rash w/ raised centers
c) Blue coloring of sclera This can indicate osteogenesis imperfecta (fragile bones) The others are incorrect bcuz: a)discoloration known as stork bite b)discoloration known as Mongolian spot d)newborn rash
A nurse is planning care for a school-aged child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? a) Encourage the child to sleep for 1 hr each afternoon b) Apply cold compresses to the child's affected joints each morning c) Encourage child to participate in physical activities d) Limit child's intake in foods high in uric acid
c) Encourage child to participate in physical activities This promotes mobility and joint function
If a diabetic kid is sick, how often should you check their blood glucose levels?
More often
You're caring for a child with coarctation of the aorta and educating the parents about the child's condition. Which statement by the parents demonstrates they understood the pathophysiology of this defect? a) "This condition can lead to right-sided heart failure." b) "The narrowing of the aorta leads to a high blood pressure in the arteries that are found before the site of narrowing in the aorta." c) "The dilation of the aorta leads to a decrease blood pressure in the arteries that are found after the site of dilation." d) "The upper and lower extremities will experience a decrease in blood flow due to the defect in the aorta."
a) "This condition can lead to right-sided heart failure."
A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods selected by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a) Corn tortilla w/ black beans b) Pizza c) Canned soup d) Hot dogs
a) Corn tortilla w/ black beans Pizza, bread, and anything processed has gluten. Corn and beans are gluten-free
A nurse is teaching a newly hired nurse about caring for an infant who is postop following Myelomeningocele repair. The nurse should teach the new hire to monitor for which complication? a) Hydrocephalus b) Congenital hypotonia c) Otitis media d) Osteomyelitis
a) Hydrocephalus The pathway of cerebral spinal fluid is altered during surgical repair which puts infant at a risk for hydrocephalus.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has rheumatic fever. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a) My child may take aspirin for his joint pain b) My child will need a blood transfusion prior to discharge c) I will need to wear a gown when I'm in my child's room d) I will apply lotion to my child's peeling hands
a) My child may take aspirin for his joint pain A rare case where a child may take aspirin to control inflammatory processes
A nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has sickle cell anemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to help decrease the risk of a vaso-occlusive crisis? a) Provide adequate fluid intake throughout the day. b) Provide oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula c) Administer blood transfusion d) Give ibuprofen for pain
a) Provide adequate fluid intake throughout the day. Others are incorrect bcuz: They are used to TREAT a crisis but not prevent one.
A newborn has severe coarctation of the aorta. What signs and symptoms would you expect to find in this patient? Select all that apply: a) Very strong bounding pulses in the upper extremities b) Cool legs and feet c) Machine-like murmur only on systole d) Tet spells with activity e) Severe cyanosis f) Absent/diminished femoral pulses
a) Very strong bounding pulses in the upper extremities b) Cool legs and feet f)Absent/diminished femoral pulses
A nurse is assessing a 2 month old bby who has a ventricular septal defect. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a) WT gain of 1.8kg (4lbs) b) HR 125bpm c) Soft, flat fontanel d) Systemic murmur
a) WT gain of 1.8kg (4lbs) Increased wt = increased fluid/HF worsening Others are incorrect bcuz: These are all expected findings
A nurse is assessing a newborn for congenital hip dysplasia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a) Legs shorter than arms b) Different temps on each leg c) Symmetrical gluteal fold d) Limited abduction of a hip
d) Limited abduction of a hip
A nurse is caring for a child who has tetralogy of Fallot. Which lab value is expected? a) Platelet 20,000/mm^3 b) WBC 4,000/mm^3 c) TSH 7 microunits/mL d) RBC 6.8 million/uL
d) RBC 6.8 million/uL Increased RBCs (polycythemia) to attempt to oxygenate the body Others are incorrect bcuz: These kids will have normal platelet counts, WBC, and thyroid function levels
A nurse is preparing to obtain an antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer from a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. The child's parent asks the nurse to explain the purpose of the test. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? a) The test determines the lvl of antibiotics in the blood b) The test tells us if your child ever had the measles c) The test verifies albumin blood lvls d) The test shows if there was a recent strep infection
d) The test shows if there was a recent strep infection Acute glomerulonephritis usually results from this type of infection
A nurse is assessing a preschooler who has recurrent, and persistent otitis media. When obtaining the child's history from her parent, which of the following questions should the nurse ask? a) Does you child wear a hat when its cold? b) Does anyone smoke around your child? c) Do you give your child aspirin? d) Is your child's diet high in gluten?
b) Does anyone smoke around your child?
A nurse is caring for an infant who is postop Myelomeningocele repair. Which of the following is the priority intervention? a) Measure I&Os b) Measure head circumference c) Check lower extremity function d) Monitor BP
b) Measure head circumference Increased head circumference may signal the development of hydrocephalus
A nurse is assessing a child who has a ventricular septal defect. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a) Diastolic murmur b) Murmur at left sternal border c) Cyanosis that increases with crying d) Widened pulse pressure
b) Murmur at left sternal border Others are incorrect bcuz: a)is for atrial septal defect peeps, c)is for atrioventricular canal defect peeps, and d)is for kiddos with patent ductus arteriosus
What is the most common type of childhood abuse? a) Physical b) Neglect c) Emotional d) Sexual
b) Neglect
A nurse is caring for an infant who has tetralogy of Fallot and is experiencing a hypercyanotic episode. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a) Initiate fluid restriction b) Place infant in a knee-chest position c) Administer acetaminophen d) Provide oxygen via nasal cannula
b) Place infant in a knee-chest position Others are incorrect bcuz: a)IV fluids should be given, d)100% oxygen via face mask, and c)administer morphine instead
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has celiac disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a) Elevated sweat chloride b) Steatorrhea c) Clubbed fingers d) Jaundice
b) Steatorrhea
A nurse is caring for a child who has epistaxis. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform? a) Apply warm cloth to bridge of nose b) Tilt head back c) Apply continuous pressure to nose for at least 10 mins d) Administer aspirin for child's pain
c) Apply continuous pressure to nose for at least 10 mins Others are incorrect bcuz: a)Warm=vasodilation and would cause more bleeding, b)tilting head back causes nausea, and d)giving a child aspirin is almost always a big ****in NO, also it is a blood thinner
A nurse is planning care for an adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? a) Apply cold compresses to the child's extremities b) Administer meperidine every 4H until crisis has resolved c) Maintain child on bed rest d) Decrease the child's fluid intake for 8H
c) Maintain child on bed rest Best to minimize energy use and avoid increased oxygen needs. Others are incorrect bcuz: a) cold is contraindicated and ENHANCES sickling, b) produces anxiety, tremors, and seizures yikes, d) these peeps need INCREASED fluid intake
A nurse is caring for a 6 month old bby who has intussusception. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a) Prepare to administer high-dose steroids. b) Give child magnesium hydroxide PO c) Prepare child for a barium enema d) Inform parents that the child will need a colostomy.
c) Prepare child for a barium enema This can treat intussusception w/out surgery
A nurse is admitting a child who has Wilms tumor. What should the nurse do? a) Initiate contact precautions b) Educate parents that chemo will start 3mo after surgery c) Put up a "no abdominal palpation" sign over bed d) Prepare child for spinal tap
c) Put up a "no abdominal palpation" sign over bed Palpation can cause METASTASIS 😬
Parents bring their 3 month old bby into the ED. They say that the baby has been projectile vomiting then drinking hella right after throwing up. What does this sound like? a) Intussusception b) Kawasaki disease c) Pyloric stenosis d) Reyes
c) Pyloric Stenosis
Aspirin is contraindicated in the use of children for why? It can cause the development of..? a) Reynaud's b) Wilms' c) Reye's d) Turners
c) Reye's Symptoms include irritability, confusion, weakness, paralysis, seizures, lethargy, decreased LOC
A nurse is creating a plan of care for an 18-month-old toddler who has cerebral palsy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? a) Use a mobile walker for the toddler b) Discourage activities involving repetitive joint movement c) Use manual jaw control when feeding toddler d) Discourage use of wrist splints
c) Use manual jaw control when feeding toddler Peeps with cerebral palsy can lose jaw control, and more effective control can be achieved by providing stability to jaw during feeding.
A nurse in the ED is assessing an infant who recently started taking digoxin to treat a supraventricular arrhythmia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of digoxin toxicity? a) Irritability b) Diaphoresis c) Vomiting d) Tachycardia
c) Vomiting Others are incorrect bcuz: They just aren't manifestations of dig toxicity.
A nurse is caring for a child w/ glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a) Monitor BP BID b) Maintain bed rest for 3 days c) Weigh child daily d) Increase daily sodium intake
c) Weigh child daily This will monitor fluid balance
When should pancreatic enzymes be given to a child with cystic fibrosis? a) In the morning, one hour before first meal b) at bedtime c) with each meal and snack d) every other day
c) with every meal and snack
A child is experiencing an acute asthma attack, what can be expected to be administered? a) Salmeterol b)Fluticasone c) Cromolyn d) Albuterol
d) Albuterol
A nurse is performing a preoperative assessment of a client about to undergo a procedure. The nurse should identify a risk for latex allergy when a patient is reported to be allergic to what? a) Cabbage b) Oatmeal c) Milk d) Bananas
d) Bananas Other cross-reactive foods include avocado, kiwi, chestnuts, mangoes, pineapples, and passion fruit
Which vaccination prevents epiglottis? a) Hep A b) IPV c) DtaP d) Hib
d) Hib
A nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis who has a pulmonary infection. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? a) Blood streaked sputum b) Dry mucous membranes c) Constipation d) Inability to clear secretions
d) Inability to clear secretions Think ABCs for prioritizing
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a) Restrict potassium b) Admin acetaminophen BID c) Weigh child weekly d) Keep child away from peeps w/ infections
d) Keep child away from peeps w/ infections Kids w/ nephrotic syndrome are at an increased risk for infection