Pediatrics: GI

An infant born with an imperforate anus returns from surgery after requiring a colostomy. The nurse assesses the stoma and notes that it is red and edematous. Based on this finding, which action should the nurse take?

Document the findings.

The mother of an 18-month-old child tells the clinic nurse that the child has been having some mild diarrhea and describes the child's stools as "mushy." The mother tells the nurse that the child is tolerating fluids and solid foods. The most appropriate suggestion regarding the child's diet would be to give the child which items?

Mashed potatoes with baked chicken

The nurse has provided dietary instructions to the mother of a child with celiac disease. The nurse determines that further instruction is needed if the mother states that she will include which food item in the child's nutritional plan?

Oatmeal

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for an infant who will be returning from the recovery room following the surgical repair of a cleft lip located on the right side of the lip. On return from the recovery room, the nurse should plan to place the infant in which position?

On the left side

A child is diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease. The nurse is teaching the parents about the cause of the disease. Which statement, if made by the parent, supports that teaching was successful?

"Special cells are not present in the rectum, which caused the disease."

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 5-week-old infant being admitted with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who is scheduled for pyloromyotomy. In the preoperative period, the nurse should place the infant in which best position?

In an infant seat placed in the crib

An infant is seen in the health care provider's office for complaints of projectile vomiting after feeding. Findings indicate that the child is fussy and is gaining weight but seems never to get enough to eat. Pyloric stenosis is suspected. Which prescription would the nurse anticipate having the highest priority in the care of this child?

Prepare the family for surgery for the child.

The nurse is preparing to care for a child with a diagnosis of intussusception. The nurse reviews the child's record and expects to note which sign of this disorder documented?

Bright red blood and mucus in the stools

The nurse has been assigned to care for a neonate just delivered who has gastroschisis. Which concern should the nurse address in the client's plan of care?

Infection

A child admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis and dehydration weighs 17 pounds 2 ounces (7.8 kg). The parents state that his preadmission weight was 18 pounds 4 ounces (8.3 kg). Based on weight alone, what type of dehydration does the nurse expect?

Moderate dehydration

The nurse is initiating nasogastric tube feedings in a child. What is the nurse's best action?

Position the child with the head slightly hyperflexed.

The nurse provides home care instructions to the parents of a child with celiac disease. The nurse should teach the parents to include which food item in the child's diet?

Rice

A 1-year-old child is diagnosed with intussusception, and the mother of the child asks the student nurse to describe the disorder. Which statement by the student nurse indicates correct understanding of this disorder?

"It is a condition in which a proximal segment of the bowel prolapses into a distal segment of the bowel."

The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a child with a diagnosis of suspected appendicitis. The nurse would question which intervention if noted in the plan of care?

Applying a heating pad to abdomen to promote pain relief

The nurse is caring for a newborn infant after surgical intervention for imperforate anus. The nurse should place the infant in which position in the postoperative period?

Side-lying with the legs flexed

The nurse in the hospital is giving at-home feeding instructions to a family whose child is being discharged after being born with a cleft lip. Which statement by the mother would indicate that further teaching is indicated?

"I must always feed my baby with a syringe and not use a nipple."

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the mother of a child with herpetic gingivostomatitis. Which response by the mother indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will not give my child anything to eat for 2 days to allow healing."

The nurse is caring for an infant after repair of an inguinal hernia. Which of these assessment findings indicates that the surgical repair was effective?

Absence of inguinal swelling with crying

A 2-year-old child with acute diarrhea has been diagnosed with mild dehydration. Which rehydration methods would the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe?

Consume oral rehydration fluid, advancing to a regular diet.

The mother of a child with an umbilical hernia calls the clinic and reports to the nurse that the child has been vomiting and is complaining of pain in the abdominal area. Which instruction to the mother is most appropriate?

Contact the health care provider.

After hydrostatic reduction for intussusception, the nurse should expect to observe which client response?

Passage of barium or water-soluble contrast with stools

The nurse is assisting the pediatrician in performing an assessment on a newborn suspected of having imperforate anus. Which finding would be noted in this disorder?

Presence of an anal membrane

The clinic nurse is obtaining data about a child with a diagnosis of lactose intolerance. Which data should the nurse expect to obtain on assessment?

Reports of frothy stools and diarrhea

The nurse provides home care instructions to the mother of a child who had a cleft palate repair 4 days ago. Which statement by the mother indicates the need for further instruction?

"I need to buy some straws for drinking."

An infant is seen in the health care provider's office for complaints of frequent vomiting and spitting up after feedings. Findings indicate that the infant is not gaining weight, and gastroesophageal reflux is suspected. Which would the nurse anticipate being prescribed initially in the care of this child?

Administer predigested formula and feed small, frequent feedings.

The parents of a newborn with a cleft lip are concerned and ask the nurse when the lip will be repaired. With which statement should the nurse respond?

Cleft-lip repair is usually performed during the first weeks of life.

The nurse is reviewing the health care provider's documentation in the record of a child admitted with a diagnosis of intussusception. The nurse expects to note that the health care provider has documented which manifestation?

Currant jelly stools

The nurse is caring for a newborn with a suspected diagnosis of imperforate anus. The nurse monitors the infant, knowing that which is a clinical manifestation associated with this disorder?

Failure to pass meconium stool in the first 24 hours after birth

The nurse is writing out discharge instructions for the parents of a child diagnosed with celiac disease. The nurse should focus primarily on which aspect of care?

Following a gluten-free diet

The clinic nurse reviews the record of an infant and notes that the health care provider has documented a diagnosis of suspected Hirschsprung's disease. The nurse reviews the assessment findings documented in the record, knowing that which sign most likely led the mother to seek health care for the infant

Foul-smelling ribbon-like stools

A 3-year-old child is seen in the health care clinic, and a diagnosis of encopresis is made. The nurse expects to provide teaching about which client problem?

Odor

A 12-year-old girl is admitted to the hospital with suspected appendicitis. What nursing interventions should be implemented preoperatively?

Placing the adolescent in a fetal position, side-lying with legs drawn up to chest

The nurse admits a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. On assessment, which data would the nurse expect to obtain when asking the parent about the child's symptoms?

Projectile vomiting

The nurse is developing a plan of care for an infant after surgical intervention for imperforate anus. The nurse should include in the plan that which position is the most appropriate one for the infant in the postoperative period?

Prone position

A home care nurse instructs the mother of a 5-year-old child with lactose intolerance about dietary measures for her child. The nurse should tell the mother that it is necessary to provide which dietary supplement in the child's diet?

Calcium

An emergency department nurse is performing an assessment on a child with a suspected diagnosis of intussusception. Which assessment question for the parents will elicit the most specific data related to this disorder?

"Can you describe the type of pain that the child is experiencing?

The nurse is providing instructions to the parents of a child with a hernia regarding measures that will promote reducing the hernia. The nurse determines that the parents understand care for their child if they make which statement?

. "We will provide comfort measures to reduce any crying periods by our child."

The nurse is assigned to care for a child who is scheduled for an appendectomy. Select the prescriptions that the nurse anticipates will be prescribed. Select all that apply.

Initiate an IV line. Maintain an NPO status Administer intravenous antibiotics. Administer preoperative medications.

An infant has just returned to the nursing unit after surgical repair of a cleft lip on the right side. The nurse should place the infant in which best position at this time?

Left lateral position

A mother brings her child to the well-child clinic and expresses concern to the nurse because the child has been playing with another child diagnosed with hepatitis. The nurse prepares to perform an assessment on the child, knowing that which finding would be of least concern for hepatitis?

Left upper abdominal quadrant pain

The nurse is preparing to care for an infant who has esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. Surgery is scheduled to be performed in 1 hour. Intravenous fluids have been initiated, and a nasogastric (NG) tube has been inserted by the health care provider. The nurse plans care, knowing that which intervention is of highest priority during this preoperative period?

Aspirate the NG tube every 5 to 10 minutes.

The nurse is caring for a 1-year-old child after cleft palate repair. On completion of feeding, the nurse should plan for which appropriate nursing action?

Rinsing the mouth with water

The nurse provides feeding instructions to a parent of an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which instruction should the nurse give to the parent to assist in reducing the episodes of emesis?

Thicken the feedings by adding rice cereal to the formula.

The mother of a child with hepatitis A tells the home care nurse that she is concerned because the child's jaundice seems worse. What is the nurse's best response?

"The jaundice may worsen before it resolves."

A mother brings her 5-week-old infant to the health care clinic and tells the nurse that the child has been vomiting after meals. The mother reports that the vomiting is becoming more frequent and forceful. The nurse suspects pyloric stenosis and asks the mother which assessment question to elicit data specific to this condition?

"Does the vomit contain sour, undigested food without bile, and is the infant constipated?"

The nurse is collecting data on an infant with a diagnosis of suspected Hirschsprung's disease. Which question to the mother will most specifically elicit information regarding this disorder?

"Does your infant have foul-smelling, ribbon-like stools?"

A preschooler with a history of cleft palate repair comes to the clinic for a routine well-child checkup. To determine if this child is experiencing a long-term effect of cleft palate, which question should the nurse ask?

"Is the child unresponsive when given directions?"

The nurse reviews the record of a newborn infant and notes that a diagnosis of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula is suspected. The nurse expects to note which most likely sign of this condition documented in the record?

Choking with feedings

A child is hospitalized because of persistent vomiting. The nurse should monitor the child closely for which problem?

Metabolic alkalosis

The parents of a child with a cleft palate are concerned and ask the nurse when the palate will be repaired. The nurse should plan to base the response on which information about cleft palate repair?

Repair usually is performed between 6 months and 2 years.

A child is suspected of suffering from intussusception. The nurse should be alert to which clinical manifestation of this condition?

Tender, distended abdomen

The clinic nurse is assessing jaundice in a child with hepatitis. Which anatomical area would provide the best data regarding the presence of jaundice?

The nail beds

A nurse is assessing the status of jaundice in a child with hepatitis. Which anatomical areas will provide the best data regarding the presence of jaundice? Select all that apply.

The sclera The nail beds The mucous membranes

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for an infant suspected of having hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The nurse should expect to note which value as the most likely laboratory finding in this infant?

Blood pH of 7.50

The nurse is preparing to care for a newborn infant following creation of a colostomy for the treatment of imperforate anus. In the immediate postoperative period, the nurse plans to inspect the stoma and expects to note which finding in the colostomy?

Red and edematous

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the mother of a child who had a cleft palate repair. Which statement should the nurse make to the mother?

"You need to use an orthodontic nipple on the child's bottle."

The nurse has provided dietary instructions to the mother of a child with celiac disease. The nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions when the mother states to include which food in the child's diet?

Corn

The nurse is preparing an infant for surgery to treat Hirschsprung's disease. Which assessment finding is priority to identify and treat

Decreased blood pressure and tachycardia

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for an infant with suspected hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. What should the nurse expect to note as the most likely finding in this infant?

Metabolic alkalosis

Parents bring their child to the emergency department and tell the nurse that the child has been complaining of colicky abdominal pain located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. The nurse suspects that the child has which disorder?

Appendicitis

The nurse is caring for a child who was brought to the clinic complaining of severe abdominal pain and is suspected of having acute appendicitis. The child is lying on the examining table, with the knees pulled up toward the chest. What is the priority nursing action?

Perform a pain assessment using the FACES scale

Which interventions should the nurse include when creating a care plan for a child with hepatitis? Select all that apply.

Providing a low-fat, well-balanced diet Teaching the child effective hand-washing techniques Instructing the parents to avoid administering medications unless prescribed