Peds Chapter 41: PrepU

A child is diagnosed with group A streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse would teach the parents to be alert for signs and symptoms of:

Scarlet fever.

The nurse is providing education to an adolescent client diagnosed with tinea pedis. Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching?

"Be sure to dry the area between your toes really well."

The nurse is evaluating the parents' understanding of atopic dermatitis. Which statement shows their understanding?

"Flare-ups of lesions are not uncommon following therapy."

When providing care for a child with herpes zoster (shingles), the parents ask the nurse how the child contracted this infectious disorder. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"Herpes zoster is a reactivation of a previous varicella zoster infection."

The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old girl with acne vulgaris and is teaching the girl about skin care. Which response by the girl indicates a need for further teaching?

"I should avoid eating any kind of chocolate."

The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child with varicella. Which statement indicates that the parents have understood the instructions?

"We need to make sure that he washes his hands frequently."

A group of grade-school children is going camping. As a school nurse, you would offer them which advice to prevent Lyme disease?

"Wear jeans tucked inside your socks when in the woods."

A parent expresses a concern about white scales that have begun to flake off the 1-week-old infant's scalp. The parent asks, "What can I do to prevent this?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Your child most likely has infantile seborrheic dermatitis, or cradle cap. You can care for it by cleansing the hair and scalp daily with baby shampoo. You can also apply baby oil to the area for 10 to 15 minutes and then rinse away the flakes."

The nurse is caring for multiple clients on the pediatric unit. Which child will the nurse see first?

A child with erythema infectiosum experiencing fatigue and confusion

A chief danger of scarlet fever is that children may develop:

Acute glomerulonephritis.

Which child will the nurse identify as at greatest risk for developing a urinary tract infection?

An 8-month-old bottle-fed female with HIV

An adolescent is to receive topical retinoid therapy for his moderately severe acne. The nurse would instruct the adolescent about which adverse effects? Select all that apply.

Burning Photosensitivity Dryness

The rash in roseola is pruritic. Which measure would you teach the parent to provide comfort?

Apply cool compresses to the skin to stop local itching.

Parents usually ask when their child can return to school after having chickenpox. The correct answer would be:

As soon as all lesions are crusted.

The school nurse is educating the faculty at an area elementary school. One of the teachers asks how to tell the difference between lice and scabies in children. Which of the following is the best response from the nurse?

Children with lice tend to be itchy all day, whereas children with scabies itch more at nighttime.

The nurse is caring for a child with a second-degree (partial-thickness) burn. What assessment findings would the nurse expect to observe?

Edema with wet blistering skin

A nurse is teaching a group of parents about hepatitis A viral infection. The nurse would describe which of the following as the route of transmission?

Fecal-oral

In the child diagnosed with miliaria rubra, a rash that appears as pinhead-sized reddened papules usually is most noticed in which areas of the body?

Folds of the skin and around the neck

A child is diagnosed with scarlet fever. History reveals that the child has no known drug allergies. When preparing the child's plan of care, the nurse would anticipate administering which agent as the drug of choice?

Penicillin V

When the health care provider looks in a child's mouth during a sick-visit examination, the parent exclaims: "The tongue is bright red! It was not like that yesterday." The health care provider would most likely prescribe which medication based on the probable diagnosis?

Penicillin to prevent acute glomerulonephritis

A nurse is obtaining a history from the parents of a child diagnosed with an infection. The parents report that the child started running a fever a couple of days ago and that he "just didn't seem like himself." Then this morning, the child started having yellow-green discharge from the nose. The nurse would identify the child has just completed which stage of an infectious disease?

Prodrome

A 6-month-old boy is brought to the doctor's office with a high fever. The physician diagnoses the child as having a viral infection of some kind and recommends acetaminophen to reduce the fever. After 3 days, the mother returns with the child. The fever is gone, but a rash of discrete, rose-pink macules approximately 2 to 3 mm and flat with the skin surface appears. Which condition should the nurse suspect?

Roseola

The nurse is presenting a program on HIV and children for a nursing students. The nurse determines that more teaching is needed when the students identify which of the following as a mode of transmission?

Skin contact

An infant has presented at the clinic with impetigo. Which organism usually causes impetigo in infants?

Staphylococcus aureus

The nurse is caring for a child admitted to the hospital for sepsis. Which assessment finding is the most concerning?

Urine output of 10 ml over 3 hours

A 2-month-old infant has been diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap). The nurse is educating the parent about care of the child. Which instructions would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Wash the child's hair every day. Carefully but vigorously wash the area of the "soft spot." Use a fine-tooth baby comb after washing the hair. Apply mineral oil to loosen the crusts.

The school nurse has diagnosed a case of head lice in a first grader at school. After receiving a phone call from the nurse, the parent arrives in the clinic to take the student home. The school nurse hands the parent a document about lice and verbally reinforces the treatment for lice. Which of the following parental statements demonstrates proper learning has occurred?

"I will treat my child with a pediculicidal shampoo, remove the nits, and then clean my house."

The nurse has completed client teaching with a 16-year-old female who has been prescribed isotretinoin for cystic acne. Which statements indicate learning has occurred? Select all that apply.

"If I am sexually active I need to let my doctor know." "This is not a drug to be used for all forms of acne. My sister has minor acne so I told her this wasn't for her." "It's important I get my CBC blood test when my doctor orders it."

The nurse is caring for a child whose family recently emigrated from a developing country. While completing the admission history, the parents report all the child's immunizations are up to date. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

Ask parents which immunizations have been given.

The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old female patient who came to the pediatric clinic presenting with genital warts. Which nursing intervention is most beneficial for this patient?

Assess for sexual activities and possible sexual abuse.

A young child has just been admitted to the emergency department with a burn that encompasses the epidermis and the underlying dermis. From which type of burn does this child suffer?

Second-degree or partial-thickness burn