Peds Evolve Quizzing Hematologic

The parents of a child with leukemia are worried that chemotherapy will cause alopecia in the child. What does the nurse inform the parents?

"Hair will regrow 3 to 6 months after the treatment ends."

Which interventions does the nurse implement to alleviate neurotoxic effects in a child after chemotherapy? Select all that apply.

-Administers stool softeners -Provides a footboard or high-top shoes -Provides support during ambulation -Provides a soft or liquid diet

Which interventions does the nurse apply during an episode of epistaxis in a child? Select all that apply.

-Apply pressure to the nose with thumb and forefinger -Insert wadded tissue into each nostril -Apply ice to the bridge of the nose -Ask the child to breathe through mouth

What does the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe for a child with mucositis? Select all that apply.

-Aquaphor healing ointment -Clotrimazole troche (clotrimazole lozenges) -Chlorhexidine gluconate (Peridex)

The nurse is monitoring a child during a blood transfusion procedure. What precautions does the nurse take? Select all that apply.

-Takes vital signs before, after, and during the blood transfusion -Administers the first 50 mL of blood volume slowly -Uses an appropriate filter for administering blood -Stops the transfusion if there is any reaction in the child

The nurse is caring for a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Which medications does the nurse expect to find in the child's prescription? Select all that apply.

-Zidovudine (Retrovir) -Delavirdine (Rescriptor) -Nelfinavir (Viracept) -Hydroxyurea (Hydrea)

The nurse finds that the hemoglobin levels in a child with anemia did not improve after taking oral iron supplements. What actions does the nurse take? Select all that apply.

-Ask the parents if they administered the prescribed doses. -Assess whether the child has gastrointestinal problems. -Assess the child for chronic hemoglobinuria.

The nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. Which interventions does the nurse implement to reduce the risk for hemorrhage in the child? Select all that apply.

-Avoids skin punctures when possible -Removes urine immediately after voiding -Asks the child to avoid running or biking -Provides meticulous mouth care

A 7-month-old girl with sickle cell anemia is not consuming enough fluid orally as she is recovering. What suggestions by the nurse would help the parents best as they prepare to care for their infant daughter after discharge? Select all that apply.

-Count the number of bottles or ounces of fluid needed daily. -Teach the parents which foods have a high source of fluid.

A child with leukemia is treated with chemotherapeutic agents in different phases. Which are the treatment phases? Select all that apply.

-Induction therapy -Prophylactic therapy -Intensification therapy -Maintenance therapy

The nurse is reading the reports of a child with aplastic anemia (AA). Which findings indicate that the child has severe AA? Select all that apply.

-Less than 25% bone marrow cellularity -Absolute reticulocyte count less than 40,000/mm3 -Absolute granulocyte count less than 500/mm3 -Platelet count less than 20,000/ mm3

The nurse is educating the parents of a child about the symptoms that would indicate sickle cell anemia. Which symptoms does the nurse describe? Select all that apply.

-Painful joints -Big and swollen spleen -Chest pain -Hypoxia

The nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. What does the nurse include in the child's plan of care? Select all that apply.

-Report any elevation of temperature at once. -Increase proteins in the child's diet. -Ask family members to practice strict hand washing.

The nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and ways to prevent it. What is included in the teaching? Select all that apply.

-Routes of virus transmission -Dangers of recreational drug use -Importance of HIV testing -Myths associated with HIV

A child is diagnosed with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Which conditions will be evident in the child at birth and as the child grows older? Select all that apply.

-Sinusitis -Herpes simplex -Eczema -Bloody diarrhea

A child with sickle cell anemia (SCA) has a defective splenic function that increases the child's susceptibility to infections. What does the primary health care provider prescribe?

Pneumococcal vaccines

Which is an ideal treatment for a child after splenectomy?

Prophylactic antibiotics

The parents of a child with leukemia are anxious during a nose bleeding episode and requests platelet transfusions for the child. What action does the nurse take?

Tries to stop the bleeding by applying pressure at the site

The parent of a child receiving an iron preparation tells the nurse that the child's stools are a tarry green color. The nurse should explain that this is a/an:

normally expected change caused by the iron preparation.

The nurse suspects that a child is having an adverse reaction to a blood transfusion. The first action by the nurse should be to:

stop transfusion and maintain a patent intravenous line with normal saline and new tubing.

The most important nursing consideration when caring for a child with sickle cell anemia is to:

teach parents and child how to minimize crises.

Nursing care of the child with myelosuppression from leukemia or chemotherapeutic agents should include:

using good handwashing.

Which symptom is seen in a child with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Increased tendency to bleed

The nurse is caring for a child with thalassemia. What does the nurse observe in this child?

Complications due to blood transfusions

The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell anemia (SCA). The child has acute chest syndrome and has also experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Which is the most effective treatment for the child?

Chronic transfusion therapy

The nursing instructor is teaching a student how to administer iron dextran injections to a child with severe anemia. Which instruction does the nurse give after the student administers the injection?

"Do not massage the injection site."

The parent of a 6-month-old infant asks the nurse about the food that can be included in the child's diet. What does the nurse suggest?

"Include cereals in the diet."

The parents of a child taking oral iron supplements report that the child's stools are a tarry green color. What is the best response the nurse provides to the parents?

"Tarry green color is expected with oral iron supplements."

The parents of a 7-month-old girl with a sickle cell crisis ask why the nurses keep giving their daughter pain medication so often. Which response best explains the rationale for the nurses' action?

"We are trying to control her pain by giving her a combination of medications in small, frequent doses so she can still drink her bottle and be awake some of the time."

The nurse observes that a child experiences nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy. Which intervention does the nurse implement to prevent these side effects?

Administers the antiemetic before chemotherapy begins

The nurse suspects that a child with enlarged lymph nodes and fever has leukemia. Which test does the nurse evaluate to confirm the condition?

Bone marrow biopsy

Which condition does the nurse ask the parents of a child with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) to report after irradiation?

Fatigue

A 5-month-old infant born to a mother with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection needs to be tested for HIV. Which test will be used for an accurate diagnosis of HIV in the child?

HIV polymerase chain reaction

After determining a 7-month-old African American infant girl has sickle cell anemia and is having a crisis, the health care team begins therapy. What activities would the nurse determine as priorities for this infant?

administering pain medication, initiating intravenous (IV) fluids and electrolytes, and administering oxygen

Nursing considerations related to the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs include:

many chemotherapeutic agents are vesicants that can cause severe cellular damage if the drug infiltrates

A child diagnosed with lymphoma is receiving extensive radiation therapy. The most common side effect of this treatment is:

fatigue.

The nurse is explaining blood components to an 8-year-old child. The nurse could best describe platelets by explaining that they:

help the body stop bleeding by forming a clot (scab) over the hurt area.