PEDs Exam 1
A nurse is planning to implement relaxation strategies with a young child prior to painful procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Ask the child to a breath and blow out slowly b. Ask the child to describe a pleasurable event c. Bounce the child gently while holding him upright d. Rock the child using long, rhythmic movements
D
A nurse is preparing to administer Digoxin to a 4 year old. The nurse should: A. Administer the medication and check the blood pressure one hour later. B. Give the medication with food. C. Take the apical pulse for 30 seconds prior to giving the medication. D. Note the rate, rhythm, and quality of the heart prior to giving the medication
D
A nurse is assessing a 6-year-old child at a well-child visit. Which of the following findings requires further assessment by the nurse? A. Presence of sparse, fine pubic hair B. Decreased head circumference compared to full height C. Increased leg length related to height D. Presence of a loose, central incisor
A
Child is being tested for foreign body aspiration the nurse explains to the child's parents about the diagnostic tool for this test which test should the nurse describe a. bronchoscopy b. chest x-ray c. fluroscopy d. lateral neck x ray
A
The nurse, talking with the parents of a toddler who is struggling with toilet training, reassures them that their child is demonstrating a typical developmental stage. According to Erikson, which developmental stage will the nurse document in the medical record for this toddler? a. Trust versus mistrust b. Autonomy versus shame and doubt c. Initiative versus guilt d. Industry versus inferiority
B
A nurse is performing a well-child assessment on a 7-year-old client who takes great pride in bringing school papers home. The nurse recognizes that this behavior demonstrates which of the following of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development? A. Initiative vs. guilt B. Industry vs. inferiority C. Identity vs. role confusion D. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
B
A nurse is providing immediate postoperative care for a preschooler who had a tonsillectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Offer ice cream or pudding when the child is fully awake b. Eliminate the use of a straw when offering fluids c. Apply a heating pad to the neck area d. Instruct the child to blow his nose to clear blood secretions
B
A nurse on a pediatric unit is admitting a 4-year-old child. Which of the following toys should the nurse plan to provide for the child to engage in independent play? A. Brightly colored mobile B. Plastic stethoscope C. Small piece jigsaw puzzle D. A book of short stories
B
There are several tools that help with obtaining a cultural assessment of a client and his family. Which tool would be appropriate to gather 12 major concepts of cultural assessment? a. Sunrise enabler b. Model for cultural competence c. Transcultural assessment model d. Health traditions model
B
What is the medication used to promote closure of PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) a. E-type prostaglandins b. Indomethacin c. Aspirin d. Furosemide
B
What is the schedule of an infant receiving the HIB vaccine? a. 12- 15 months 4-6 years b. 2,4, 6 months 12-15 months c. 1-2 months 6-8 months d. 12-23 months 6-18 months following
B
A nurse is caring for a 4-month-old child who is hospitalized. Which of the following toys should the nurse provide for the child? A. A board book with large pictures B. A toy with movable parts C. A plastic mirror D. Push pull toy
C
A nurse is caring for a child admitted to the hospital with Kawasaki disease. Which cardiac complication of Kawasaki disease should the nurse monitor for? a. Cardiac valvular disease b. Cardiomyopathy c. Coronary aneurysm d. Rheumatic fever
C
) A parent questions how her toddler plays with other toddlers. Which response by the nurse displays the best description of the differences in play between the toddler and the preschool-age child? a. Toddlers play side by side, while preschool-age children play cooperatively. b. Toddlers play house and imitate adult roles, while preschool-age children become the Mom or Dad while playing house. c. Toddlers play cooperatively, while preschool-age children play interactive games. d. There are no differences between toddlers and preschool-age children because both groups play cooperatively.
A
. In educating the caregivers about the administration of Digoxin (Lanoxin) to their child, the nurse instructs the caregivers to: A. Notify the physician of weight gain of two pounds or more per day. B. Administer the medication at any set time during the day, every day. C. Administer the medication two hours before meals and one hour after meals. D. Hold the Digoxin if the heart rate is <60/minute or >120/minute.
A
A baby comes into the Emergency Department sneezing and coughing, they think he may have RSV, how will it be diagnosed? a. Nasal swab (Nasal-pharyngeal culture) b. Throat culture c. Lung biopsy d. Bronchoscopy
A
A child's height must fall in what percentile range to be considered normal enough not to warrant further investigation? a. 5% -95% b. 20%-80% c. 10%-90% d. 25%-75%
A
A newborn with a diagnosis of Tetralogy of Fallot is demonstrating heart failure. The doctor orders a prostaglandin E1 drip. The nurse knows this is used to: a. Maintain blood flow to the lungs. b. Open the patent foramen ovale. c. Increase blood flow to the extremities. d. Decrease resistance of blood flow through the heart.
A
A nurse is assessing a preschooler who has recurrent and persistent otitis media. When obtaining the child's history from her parent, which of the following questions should the nurse ask? a. does anyone smoke around or in the same house? b. have you given your child aspirin lately? c. does your child wear a hat outdoors in cold weather? d. is your child's diet high in gluten?
A
A nurse is caring for an infant who is receiving IV fluids for the treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot and begins to have a hyper cyanotic spell. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Place the infant in a knee-chest position b. Begin CPR c. Prepare to intubate the infant d. Administer IV adenosine
A
A nurse is monitoring a child after an interventional catheterization for PDA. Before the procedure, blood pressure was 98/42 mm Hg. After the procedure, blood pressure was 98/74 mm Hg. One hour later, the blood pressure is 96/34 mm Hg. What action by the nurse is best? A. Administer epinephrine (Adrenalin). B. Contact the provider. C. Document the findings. D. Give a rapid fluid bolus
A
A nurse is performing a developmental assessment on a 3-year-old child. Which of the following commands should the nurse expect the child to complete successfully? a. Put your shoes on b. Name the days of the week c. Cut out this picture with a pair of scissors d. Balance on 1 foot with your eyes closed
A
A nurse is planning care for a preschool-age child who has autism and is being admitted to the facility. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? a. Encourage the parents to bring the child's stuffed animal b. Give the child choices when planning daily activities c. Administer phenytoin 3 times per day d. Provide a shared room with another child his age.
A
A nurse is preparing a school-age child for a tonsillectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Schedule the child for a preoperative visit to the facility b. Inform the child he will be put to sleep for the procedure c. Read the child a story about a cartoon character having a similar operation d. Tell the child the appointment is to have his throat checked
A
A nurse is preparing to assess a 2-year-old toddler. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse expect during the examination? a. The child prefers to sit on the parent's lap during the examination b. The child is interested in how the examination equipment works c. The child asks specific questions about body functions d. The child questions how her development compares to other children at the same age
A
A nurse is preparing to assess a 3-month-old infant during a well child visit. Which of the following observations should the nurse expect?a. The infant looks at his hands b. The infant has a pincer grasp c. The infant has no head lag when pulled to a sitting position d. The infant can independently roll from his back to his abdomen
A
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse take? a. Increase the child's protein intake b. Decrease the child's calorie intake c. Increase the child's fiber intake d. Decrease the child's salt intake
A
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a toddler who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Provide a high-fat diet for the toddler. a. Provide a high-fat diet for the toddler b. Limit the toddler's daily intake of sodium c. Increase the toddler's intake of foods high in folic acid d. Allow the toddler to skip meals when he is not hungry
A
A nurse is providing education for the family of a 6-month-old infant about ways to stimulate language development. which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Explain what you are doing to the infant while providing care." b. "Promote fine-motor development of the tongue by offering a pacifier several times each day." c. "Exercise jaw muscles with foods that require chewing such as hot dogs and carrots." d. "Leave a television playing in child's room during nap time."
A
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of an infant who has heart failure and a new prescription for digoxin elixir. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? a. Withhold the medication if the infant's heart rate is less than 110/min b. Mix the medication in 120 mL of infant formula c. Expect the infant to vomit frequently while taking this medication d. Double the dose if the infant has increased edema
A
A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for a preschooler who is prescribed an IV medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prepare the child for the procedure? a. Use role-play activities with the child b. Provide the child with detailed explanation of the procedure c. Implement interactive sessions of 30 min each with the child d. Give the child identical IV supplies to play with
A
A patient is diagnosed with coarctation of the aorta. What medication can the nurse give to open the stenosed area? a. E-type prostaglandins b. Indomethacin c. Aspirin d. Furosemide
A
A preschool child asks the nurse if the X-ray will hurt and why he needs an X-ray. The best response by the nurse is: a. The X-ray is a picture of your tummy to see what makes it hurt. The X-ray will not hurt. b. I will go get a book that describes the special rays involved in X-rays, the different types of X-rays, and how the film is developed to provide a picture. c. Let me get someone from X-ray to explain this to you and to take you down to X-ray so you can see all the different equipment. d. Your health care practitioner will explain this complicate
A
A toddler is hospitalized with a fractured femur. In addition to pain medication, which will best provide pain relief for this child? a. Parents' presence at the bedside b. Age-appropriate toys c. Deep-breathing exercises d. Videos for the child to watch
A
An infant is experiencing dyspnea related to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). What does the nurse understand regarding why dyspnea occurs? a. Blood is circulated through the lungs again, causing pulmonary circulatory congestion. b. Blood is shunted past the pulmonary circulation, causing pulmonary hypoxia. c. Blood is shunted past cardiac arteries, causing myocardial hypoxia. d. Blood is circulated through the ductus from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the left side of the heart.
A
During the nurse's initial assessment of a school-age child, the child reports a pain level of 6 out of 10. The child is lying quietly in bed watching television. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Administer prescribed analgesic. b. Ask the child's parents if they think the child is hurting. c. Reassess the child in 15 minutes to see if the pain rating has changed. d. Do nothing, since the child appears to be resting.
A
In fetal development, the _________ is open to allow blood to flow in the heart. A Patent ductus arteriosus B Pulmonic valve C Aortic valve D Bicuspid valve
A
In terms of fine motor development, what should the 7-month-old infant be able to do? a. Transfer objects from one hand to the other. b. Use thumb and index finger in crude pincer grasp. c. Hold crayon and make a mark on paper. d. Release cubes into a cup.
A
In terms of gross motor development, what would the nurse expect a 5-month-old infant to do? a. Roll from abdomen to back. b. Roll from back to abdomen. c. Sit erect without support. d. Move from prone to sitting position.
A
The mother of a 9-month-old infant is concerned that the head circumference of her baby is greater than the chest circumference. The best response by the nurse is: a. "This is normal until the age of 1 year, and then the chest will be greater." b. "Perhaps your baby was small for gestational age or premature." c. "Let me ask you a few questions, and perhaps we can figure out the cause of this difference." d. "These circumferences normally are the same, but in some babies this just differs."
A
The nurse admits a child with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) to the unit. Which nursing diagnosis for this child is the most appropriate? a. Impaired Gas Exchange Related to Pulmonary Congestion Secondary to the Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow b. Deficient Fluid Volume Related to Hyperthermia Secondary to the Congenital Heart Defect c. Acute Pain Related to the Effects of a Congenital Heart Defect d. Hypothermia Related to Decreased Metabolic State
A
The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The childs parent asks the nurse, How does Kawasaki disease affect my childs heart and blood vessels? On what understanding is the nurses response based? a. Inflammation weakens blood vessels, leading to aneurysm. b. Increased lipid levels lead to the development of atherosclerosis. c. Untreated disease causes mitral valve stenosis. d. Altered blood flow increases cardiac workload with resulting heart failure
A
The nurse is caring for a toddler client in the postoperative period. Which pain assessment tool is most appropriate for this client? a. FLACC Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale b. FACES pain scale c. Oucher scale d. Poker-chip tool
A
The nurse is teaching a new mother developmental expectations. Which activity should the nurse expect a newborn to do within the first month of life? a. Bring hands to eyes and mouth b. Push up with hands, moving chest up c. Keep hands in a relaxed position d. Roll over from back to abdomen
A
The parents of a child with transposition of the great vessels ask the nurse why the child looks blue. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? A. Her body gets blood that doesnt have much oxygen. B. Her lungs are underdeveloped and underperfused. C. She is not able to regulate her temperature and is cold. D. This is very unusual for this condition, so Ill ask the doctor
A
The pediatric nurse is observing a student nurse teach a child how to use a peak flow meter. Which instruction by the student requires intervention by the pediatric nurse?A. "Exhale for as long as you can to empty your lungs." B. "Keep your tongue away from the mouthpiece." C. "Stand up straight and tall when using the meter." D. "Write down the highest of the three readings."
A
The theorist who viewed developmental progression as a lifelong series of conflicts that need resolution is a. Erikson b. Freud c. Kohlberg d. Piaget
A
What shunt needs to be placed to help a patient with transposition of the great arteries? a. PDA b. VSD c. ASD d. Truncus arteriosus
A
Which finding would the nurse consider abnormal when performing a physical assessment on a 6-month-old? A. Posterior fontanel is open. B. Anterior fontanel is open. C. Beginning signs of tooth eruption. D. Able to track and follow objects.
A
Which is appropriate play for a 6-month-old infant? a. Pat-a-cake, peek-a-boo b. Ball rolling, hide-and-seek game c. Bright rattles and tactile toys d. Push and pull toys
A
Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for an infant with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)? a. Activity Intolerance b. Decreased Cardiac Output c. Pain, Acute d. Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (peripheral)
A
Which of these factors contributes to infants' and children's increased risk for upper airway obstruction as compared with adults? A Underdeveloped cricoid cartilage and narrow nasal passages. B Small tonsils and narrow nasal passages. C Cylinder-shaped larynx and underdeveloped sinuses. D Underdeveloped cricoid cartilage and smaller tongue.
A
Which statement best describes development in infants and children? a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates within normal limits. b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells. c. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle development occurring first. d. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth.
A
Which statement by the mother of an 18-month-old would lead the nurse to believe that the child should be referred for further evaluation for developmental delay? A. "My child is able to stand but is not yet taking steps independently." B. "My child has a vocabulary of approximately 15 words." C. "My child is still sucking his thumb." D. "My child seems to be quite wary of strangers."
A
With croup we have bacterial epiglotittis, and is caused by what bacteria? a. hemophilus influenza B b. influenza A and B c. Meningococcal d. Hepatitis B
A
Identify the common nursing practices for a newborn with a known patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis. Select all that apply. A. Maintain intake and output B. Daily weight checks C. Monitor feeding tolerance D. Weekly weight checks E. Monitor output only
A B C
The nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students how to perform a respiratory assessment for a newborn in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Which normal characteristics of the newborns respiratory system increase the risk for obstruction? Select all that apply. a. Shorter and narrower airway b. Higher trachea c. Bronchial branching at different angles d. Inadequate smooth muscle bundles e. Diaphragmatic breather
A B C
The nurse in the newborn nursery is admitting a neonate. To determine the health and development of the newborn, what will the nurse include in the assessment? Select all that apply. a. Head circumference b. Body length c. Weight d. Length of pregnancy e. Hearing screens
A B C D
What are the physical signs a nurse would see if a child has Kawasaki disease? Select all that apply a. Strawberry tongue b. Fever (5 days or more) c. Edema and peeling on the hands and feet d. Polymorphous rash e. Cervical lymphnodes are swollen
A B C D E
Which play patterns does a 3-year-old child typically display? Select all that apply. a. Imaginary play b. Parallel play c. Cooperative play d. Structured play e. Associative play
A B C E
Which nursing assessment activities should be included for the child and family at each health-supervision visit? Select all that apply. a. Interview to obtain an updated health history b. Performing an age-appropriate development assessment c. Monitoring parents' ability to pay for services d. Performing age-appropriate screening examinations e. Physical assessment for genetic abnormalities
A B D
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a toddler. Which objects does the nurse include as a frequent cause of aspiration? (Select all that apply) A. Balloons B. Hot dog bits C. Licorice sticks D. Peanuts E. Popcorn
A B D E
The pediatric nurse is providing care to a neonate diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. When discussing the clinical manifestations of this disease process, which topics will the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A. Anemia B. Malnutrition C. Scant, hard stools D. Meconium ileus E. Rectal prolapse
A B D E
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a child who has Kawasaki disease. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the teaching (Select all that Apply) a. "My child will likely be irritable for the next few weeks." b. "I will notify my child's doctor if the skin on her hands and feet begin to peel." c. "I will ensure my child does not receive any live vaccines for at least 18 months." d. "I will keep a record of my child's temperature until she has no fever for several days." e. "My child will have joint stiffness primarily at the end of the day."
A C D
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot is having a hypercyanotic episode (tet spell). Which nursing interventions are appropriate for the nurse to implement for this infant?Standard Text: Select all that apply. A Place the child in knee-chest position. B Draw blood for a serum hemoglobin. C Administer oxygen. D Administer morphine and propranolol intravenously as ordered. E Administer Benadryl as ordered.
A C D
The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who is scheduled for a tonsillectomy in 2 hours. Which action should the nurse include in the child's postoperative care plan? (Select all that apply.) a. Notify the surgeon if the child swallows frequently. b. Apply a heat collar to the child for pain relief. c. Place the child on the abdomen until fully wake. d. Allow the child to have diluted juice after the procedure. e. Encourage the child to cough frequently.
A C D
A school nurse is planning care for a school-age child recently diagnosed with asthma. Which items will the school nurse include in the plan of care at the school? Select all that apply. a. Maintain a log of quick-relief medication administration. b. Call the parents if quick-relief medications work appropriately. c. Assess for symptoms of exercise-induced bronchospasm. d. Coordinate education of the childs teachers. e. Conduct a support group for all children with asthma.
A C D E
The student studying pediatric cardiac disorders learns that which anomalies comprise the disorder tetralogy of Fallot? (Select all that apply.) A. An overriding aorta B. Atrial septal defect (ASD) C. Hypertrophic right ventricle D. Pulmonary stenosis or atresia E. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
A C D E
What are the four structural heart anomalies that make up the tetralogy of Fallot? (Select the four that apply.) a. Hypertrophied right ventricle b. Patent ductus arteriosus c. Ventral septal defect d. Narrowing of pulmonary artery e. Dextroposition of aorta
A C D E
The nurse is conducting a health surveillance visit with a 6-month-old infant. Which methods are appropriate to monitor the infant's growth pattern since birth? Select all that apply. a. Weight the infant twice and average together b. Measure the infant's height c. Measure the infant's head circumference d. Determine the infant's body mass index e. Plot the infant's growth on appropriate chart
A C E
While in the pediatrician's office for their child's 12-month well-child exam, the parents ask the nurse for advice on age-appropriate toys for their child. Based on the child's developmental level, which types of toys would the nurse suggest? Select all that apply. a. Soft toys that can be manipulated b. Small toys that can pop apart and go back together c. Jack-in-the-box toys d. Toys with black and white patterns e. Push-and-pull toys
A C E
A parent brings a 2-year-old child to the clinic, reporting that the child has an ear infection. Which assessment information leads the nurse to suspect a diagnosis of bacterial otitis media? (Select all that apply.) A. Acute otalgia B. Dull, throbbing pain C. Fever of 104°F (40°C) D. High-pitched crying E. Poor feeding F. Rubbing the ear
A C E F
A 6-year-old child is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. What consideration is most important in planning preoperative teaching? a. Preoperative teaching should be directed at his parents because he is too young to understand. b. Preoperative teaching should be adapted to his level of development so that he can understand. c. Preoperative teaching should be done several days before the procedure so he will be prepared. d. Preoperative teaching should provide details about the actual procedures so he will know what to expect.
B
A child is recovering from Kawasaki disease (KD). The child should be monitored for which? a. Anemia b. Electrocardiograph (ECG) changes c. Elevated white blood cell count d. Decreased platelets
B
A first-time mother brings in her 5-day-old baby for a well-child visit. The nurse weighs the infant and reports a weight of 7 lb 5 oz to the mother. The mother looks concerned and tells the nurse that her baby weighed 7 lb 10 oz when she was discharged 4 days ago. The nurse's best response to the mother is: A. "I will let the doctor know, and he will talk with you about possible causes of your infant's weight loss." B. "Al weight loss of a few ounces is common among newborns, especially for breast- feeding mothers." C. "I can tell you are a first-time mother. Don't worry; we will find out why she is losing weight." D. "Maybe she isn't getting enough milk. How often are you breastfeeding her?"
B
A hospitalized toddler-age client needs to have an IV restarted. The child begins to cry when carried into the treatment room by the mother. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate? a. Ineffective Individual Coping Related to an Invasive Procedure b. Anxiety Related to Anticipated Painful Procedure c. Fear Related to the Unfamiliar Environment d. Knowledge Deficit of the Procedure
B
A newborn is born with patent ductus arteriosus. If the patent ductus arteriosus does not close during this time, the newborn will exhibit: A. Narrowing pulse pressures. B. Widening pulse pressures. C. A decreased heart rate. D. Quick capillary refill.
B
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is assessing a toddler at a well-child visit. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Perform the assessment in head-to-toe sequence b. Minimize physical contact with the child initially c. Explain procedures using medical terminology d. Stop the assessment if the child becomes uncooperative
B
A nurse in a provider's office is observing children playing in the waiting room. The nurse should expect to identify parallel behavior in which of the following age groups? A. Infants B. Toddlers C. Preschoolers D. School-age children
B
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child who is 1 day postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to determine if the child is experiencing pain? A. Ask the parents. B. Use the FACES scale. C. Use the numeric rating scale. D. Check the child's temperature.
B
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child who is 1 day postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to determine if the child is experiencing pain? a. ask the parents b. Use the FACES scale c. Use the numeric rating scale d. Check the child's temperature
B
A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child's cognitive development during a well-child visit. Which of the following should the nurse expect the child to display? A. Conversation B. Development of the superego C. Concrete operational thinking D. Separation anxiety
B
A nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant. which of the following findings should the nurse to the provider as a possible developmental delay? a. Grasping a small object with jus the thumb and index finger. b. Dropping a cube when passing from 1 hand to the other c. Falling from a standing position to sitting d. Losing balance when leaning sideways while witting
B
A nurse is assessing a school-ages child who is 30 minutes postoperative following a cardiac catheterization using the left femoral artery. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider? a. The child rouses to verbal stimuli b. The pulse strength of the child's left popliteal artery site is decreased c. The child's respiratory rate is 20/min d. The child rates his pain at the catheter insertion site at a 7 on a scale of 0-10
B
A nurse is assessing the gross and fine motor behaviors of a toddler. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as an expected achievement for a 3-year-old child? a. Walking backward while moving heel to toe b. Standing on 1 foot for several seconds c. Using scissors to cut out shapes d. Printing letters with a pencil
B
A nurse is caring for a child in the postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the actions should the nurse take? A. Encourage the child to blow her nose gently. B. Administer analgesics on a schedule. C. Offer orange juice. D. Position the child supine
B
A nurse is caring for a child that has red marks across his cheeks. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take? a. Take the child's temperature b. Call CPS c. Ask the parents how the marks appeared d. Ask the child how the marks appeared
B
A nurse is discussing play activities with a group of parents of toddlers. Which of the following activities should the nurse recommend for this age group? a. Jumping rope b. Pushing a toy lawn mower c. Sorting colored marbles d. Playing a board hame
B
A nurse is explaining a patent ductus arteriosus defect to the parents of a preterm infant. The parents indicate understanding of the defect when they state that a patent ductus arteriosus: a. Involves a defect that results in a right-to-left shunting of blood in the heart. b. involves a defect in which the fetal shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary artery fails to close. c. Is a stenotic lesion that must be surgically corrected at birth. d. causes an abnormal opening between the four chambers of the heart.
B
A nurse is observing the behavior of a 2-year-old child. Which of the following actions should the nurse expect to observe when the child is in an activity room with other toddlers? A. Playing a simple game with another child B. Engaging in pay near other children C. Sharing crayons with another toddler D. Jumping on 1 foot without help
B
A parent asks the nurse if there is anything that can be done to reduce the pain that his 3-year-old experiences each morning when blood is drawn for lab studies. Which intervention would the nurse implement- based on the parent's concern? a. Intravenous sedation 15 minutes prior to the procedure b. EMLA cream (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) applied to skin at least one hour prior to the procedure c. Use of guided imagery during the procedure d. Use of muscle-relaxation techniques
B
According to Erikson, the psychosocial task of adolescence is to develop a. Intimacy b. Identity c. Initiative d. Independence
B
After a patient had a tonsillectomy, which order prescribe by the physician would you question? a. Tell patient to avoid coughing b. Constant suctioning every two hours c. Give warm and cold fluids d. Avoid dairy products
B
After a patient returns from cardiac catheterization, the nurse notes that the pulse distal to the catheter insertion site is weaker (+1). The most appropriate nursing intervention is to a. elevate the affected extremity. b. document the findings and continue to monitor. c. notify the healthcare provider of the finding. d. apply warm compresses to the insertion site
B
An infant is diagnosed with acute otitis media. Which intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the infant's parents? A. Keep the baby in a flat lying position during sleep. B. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve discomfort. C. Administer a decongestant. D. Place baby to sleep with a pacifier.
B
Children raised by authoritarian parents tend to exhibit which of the following characteristics? a. stubborn, perfectionist, tough on self and others B. dependent, passive, low in self-esteem, low in spontaneity c. high in self-control and self-esteem, highly creative d. socially competent, self-reliant, responsible
B
How can the nurse best assess the infants language development and detect any potential problems? a. Teach caregivers to do the word count test. b. Use the Denver II Screening Test. c. Have simple observational periods. d. Use the Minnesota Multiphasic Test
B
One factor that predisposes young children to development of otitis media include: A. Children's eardrums are thin and easily perforate, which makes it easier for bacteria to make its way into the body and cause infections. B. The Eustachian tubes are short, wide, and straight, and lie in a horizontal plane. C. The lining of the ear in children is slightly alkalotic, which allows bacteria or fungi to invade the outer ear. D. The ears contains many tiny blood vessels that lie close to the surface and are susceptible to bleeding and infections.
B
The mother of an 11-month-old with iron deficiency anemia tells the nurse that her infant is currently taking iron and a multivitamin. Which statement made by the mother should be of concern to the nurse? A. "I give the iron and multivitamin at the same time each morning." B. "I give the iron and multivitamin in the morning 6-oz bottle." C. "I give the iron and multivitamin 2 hours before I feed the morning bottle." D. "I give the iron and multivitamin in oral syringes toward the back of the cheek."
B
The nurse assessing a premature newborn infant auscultates a continuous machinery-like murmur. This finding is associated with which congenital heart defect? A Pulmonary stenosis B Patent ductus arteriosus C Ventricular septal defect D Coarctation of the aorta
B
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to the parent of a 6-year-old child who had a cardiac catheterization 4 hours ago. What statement by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching? a. My child should not attend school for the next 5 days. b. I should change the bandage every day for the next 2 days. c. My child can take a tub bath but should avoid taking a shower for the next 4 days. d. I should expect the site to be red and swollen for the next 3 days.
B
The nurse is performing a well-child exam on a child who turned 4 years old 3 months ago. What can the nurse ask the child to do to assess appropriate milestones for this age? a. Jump up and down b. Throw a ball c. Stack three or more blocks d. Draw lines on paper
B
The nurse is preparing to perform a heel stick on a neonate. Which complementary therapy is appropriate for the nurse to use decrease pain during this quick but painful procedure? a. Swaddling b. Sucrose pacifier c. Massage d. Holding the infant
B
The nurse is providing care to an infant in the emergency department. Upon assessment, the infant is noted to have to be experiencing tachypnea, wheezing, retractions, and nasal flaring. The infant is irritability and the parents state the infant has had poor fluid intake for two days. Pulse ox reading is currently at 85 percent on room air. The infant's blood gas is pending. Which diagnosis does the nurse anticipate for this infant? a. Bronchitis b. Bronchiolitis c. Pneumonia d. Active pulmonary tuberculosis
B
The nurse is teaching a group of mothers of infants about the benefits of immunization. Which immunization will the nurse teach to the mothers that can assist in preventing the life-threatening disease epiglottitis? a. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) b. Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) c. Hepatitis B d. Polio
B
The nurse is teaching the parents of a newly diagnosed cystic fibrosis patient how to administer the pancreatic enzymes. How often will the nurse teach the parents to administer the enzymes? a. Two times per day b. With meals and snacks c. Every 6 hours around the clock d. Four times per day
B
The nurse is working on parenting skills with a group of mothers. Which mother would need the fewest discipline-related suggestions? a. Authoritarian b. Authoritative c. Indifferent d. Permissive
B
The nurse on the pediatric unit is assigned to care for four children. One of the children is 18 months old and the rest are 3, 4, and 4-1/2 years old. The youngest is in for observation, the 3-year-old has a cardiac problem, and the two older children are in for tests. After a report the nurse takes the children's vital signs. The nurse would need to take the pulses in which of the following ways? a. radial pulse on all the children b. radial on the two older children and apical on the 18-month-old and the child with a cardiac problem c. apical on all children under 5 d. apical only on the child with a cardiac problem
B
Which expected outcome is developmentally appropriate for a hospitalized 4-year-old child? a. The child will be dressed and fed by the parents. b. The child will independently ask for play materials or other personal needs. c. The child will be able to verbalize an understanding of the reason for the hospitalization. d. The child will have a parent stay in the room at all times.
B
Which finding might delay a cardiac catheterization procedure on a 1-year-old? A. 30th percentile for weight. B. Severe diaper rash. C. Allergy to soy. D. Oxygen saturation of 91% on room air.
B
Which of the following approaches will work best then the nurse is communicating with an infant? a. Communicate through the caregivers. b. Allow the child time to warm up to the nurse. c. Respond only after the child cries for a little while. d. Use an adult voice just as you would for anyone.
B
Which role would the nurse be serving when helping parents understand and respond to the needs of an ill child's siblings? a. Direct Care b. Educator c. Case Manager d. Advocate
B
Which statement by an infant's mother leads the nurse to believe that she needs further education about the nutritional needs of a 6-month-old? A. "I will continue to breastfeed my son and will give him rice cereal three times a day." B. "I will start my son on fruits and gradually introduce vegetables." C. "I will start my son on carrots and will introduce one new vegetable every few days." D. "I will not give my son any more than 8 ounces of baby juice per day."
B
Which toy is the best choice for a 12-month-old? A. Baby doll. B. Musical rattle. C. Board book. D. Colorful beads.
B
You are the nurse working with a child who is fearful, has difficulty trusting the staff, and says very little. Which of the following methods would be best for you to try in order to get this child to relax, focus on your message, and respond verbally? a. taking turns reading a book b. using a puppet or stuffed toy in third-party communication c. asking the mother to talk to the child and get the answers you want d. asking the health care practitioner for an order to medicate the child with a mild tranquilizer
B
An infant who has signs and symptoms of acute otitis media (AOM) is brought to an outpatient facility by his parent. The nurse should recognize that which of the following factors, if present, place the infant at risk for otitis media? (Select all that apply.) A. The infant is breastfed. B. The infant attends day care. C. The infant is up to date with immunizations. D. The infant was born with a cleft palate. E. The infant's father smokes cigarettes.
B 'D E
Which congenital heart disease causes cyanosis when not repaired? Select all that apply. a. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) b. Tetralogy of Fallot c. Pulmonary atresia d. Transposition of the great arteries
B C D
A nurse is planning care for an infant who has heart failure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan to meet the nutritional needs of the infant? (Select all that apply) a. Offer the infant a feeding every 2 hr b. Allow 30 min to complete each feeding c. Gradually increase the caloric density of the formula d. Position the infant semi-upright during feelings e. Provide gavage feeding if respiratory rate exceeds 80/min
B C D E
The pediatric nurse describes the effects of cystic fibrosis on the body systems to the parents of a child recently diagnosed with the disease. Which statements does the nurse include to the parents? (Select all that apply.) A. Altered protein and vitamin metabolism causes a type of dementia in older children. B. Increased mucus obstructs the airways, and stasis of fluid causes infections. C. Pancreatic ducts are often blocked by mucus, leading to poor nutrition. D. Reproduction is affected, as ovarian ducts and the vas deferens are occluded. E. Thick mucus affects several body systems, preventing some organs from working.
B C D E
Which of these developmental milestones should the nurse expect to find in children who are between 2 and 3 years old? Select all that apply. a. Always feeds self b. Scribbles and draws on paper c. Kicks a ball d. Throws ball overhand e. Goes up and down stairs
B C E
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has had three ear infections in the past 5 months. The nurse should know that the child is at risk for developing which of the following as a long-term complication? Select all that apply A. Balance difficulties B. Prolonged hearing loss C. Rheumatic heart disease D. Speech delays E. Chronic respiratory infections
B D
The nurse is preparing to assess a toddler client. Which activities would gain cooperation from the toddler? Select all that apply. a. Asking the parents to wait outside b. Allowing the client to sit in the parent's lap c. Administering vaccinations prior to the assessment d. Handing the client a stethoscope while taking the health history e. Making a game out of the assessment process
B D
A nurse is caring for a child who is in the postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following is a clinical finding of postoperative bleeding? A. Hgb 11.6 and Hct 37% B. Inflamed and reddened throat C. Frequent swallowing and clearing of the throat D. Blood-tinged mucus
C
A 12-month-old boy weighed 8 lb 2 oz at birth. Understanding developmental mile- stones, what should the nurse caring for the child expect the current weight to be? A. 16lb4oz B. 20lb5oz C. 24lb6oz D. 32lb8oz
C
A 3-year-old child is 4 hours postcardiac catheterization via the right femoral artery. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the provider? A. Crying, complaining of pain at site B. Restless, tries to get up repeatedly C. Right pedal pulse weaker than left D. Wants to be held by a parent
C
A 6-month-old male is at his well-child checkup. The nurse weighs him, and his mother asks if his weight is normal for his age. The nurse's best response is: A "At 6 months his weight should be approximately three times his birth weight." B "Each child gains weight at his or her own pace." C "At 6 months his weight should be approximately twice his birth weight." D "At 6 months a child should weigh about 10 lb more than his or her birth weight."
C
A charge nurse is reviewing the expected growth and development of school-aged children with a group of staff nurses. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? a. "A 7-year-old child prefers to play with children of a different gender." b. "A 6-year-old child should understand the concept of cause and effect." c. "A 6-year-old child should be able to count 13 coins." d. "An 8-year-old child should be able to wash his or her own hair independently."
C
A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which action by the nurse is best for infection control? A. Adhere to policy on hand hygiene. B. Do not assign pregnant caregivers. C. Place the child in contact isolation. D. Use meticulous standard precautions.
C
A child needs a blood transfusion to live, but her parents do not want to have a blood transfusions because they are Jehovah's Witness. What is the best action by the nurse? a. Have the child give assent to get the blood transfusion b. Respect the parent's right to refuse treatment c. Obtain a court order to give the blood transfusion d. Explain to the parents that the child will die without the blood transfusion
C
A newborn is suspected of having cystic fibrosis. As the child is being prepared for transfer to a pediatric hospital, the mother asks the nurse which symptoms made the practitioner suspect cystic fibrosis. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? a. Steatorrheic stools b. Constipation c. Meconium ileus d. Rectal prolapse
C
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing an infant who has laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Which of the following findings should the nurse report as an indication of impending airway obstruction? a. Bradycardia b. Respiratory depression c. Nasal flaring d. Barking cough
C
A nurse is an emergency department is caring for a toddler who is in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to the possibility of epiglottits? a. Lethargy b. Spontaneous coughing c. Drooling d. Hoarseness
C
A nurse is assessing a 1-week-old infant at a well-child visit. the nurse should notify the provider about which of the following assessment findings? a. Flat, dark pink area between the eyes that blanches b. An area f deep blue pigmentation over the buttocks c. A blue coloring of the sclera d. A patchy, red rash with raised centered
C
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant at a well-child visit. Which of the following findings indicates the need for further assessment? A. Grabs feet and pulls them to her mouth B. Posterior fontanel is closed C. Legs remain crossed and extended when supine D. Birth weight has doubled
C
A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child's psychosocial development. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as requiring further evaluation? A. The child prefers playmates of the same sex. B. The child is competitive when playing board games. C. The child complains daily about going to school. D. The child enjoys spending time alone.
C
A nurse is assessing a preschooler who has influenza and reports the new onset of a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? a. The child's temperature is 102 F b. The child's skin is sallow c. The child is drooling d. The child's voice is hoarse
C
A nurse is assessing an 18-month-old infant who is postoperative. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use? a. FACES b. CRIES c. FLACC d. PIPP
C
A nurse is caring for a 1-year old infant who has chronic otitis media. The nurse should identify that which of the following areas is at risk of a delay in development? a. Fine motor skills b. Visual acuity c. Speech patterns d. Hand-eye coordination
C
A nurse is caring for a 4-month-old child who has acute otitis media and a fever of 101F. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer? a. Diphenhydramine b. Furosemide c. Amoxicillin d. ibuprofen
C
A nurse is observing a mother who is playing peek-a-boo with her 8-month-old child. The mother asks if this game has any developmental significance. The nurse should inform the mother that peek-a-boo helps develop which of the following concepts in the child?A. Hand-eye coordination B. Sense of trust C. Object permanence D. Egocentrism
C
A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who is scheduled for a surgical procedure. the nurse should identify that the preschooler is in which of the following of Erikson's psychosocial stages of development? a. Industry vs. inferiority b. Trust vs. mistrust c. Initiative vs. guilt d. Identity vs. role confusion
C
A nurse is preparing to assess an 11-month old infant during a well-child examination. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Pull the infant's pinna up and back when examining the ears b. Palpate and count the infant's radial pulse for 15 seconds c. Examine the infant's throat at the end of the examination d. Check the infant's blood pressure in both arms
C
A nurse is preparing to perform a routine heel puncture on a newborn. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer tolmetin prior to the procedure b. Apply a eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream to the newborns heel after the procedure c. Prepare concentrated sucrose for oral administration d. Place the newborn in an extended position
C
A nurse is providing education to the parent of a toddler who is about to receive an MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) immunization. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "My child should not play with other children for 2 days." b. "I will need to return in 2 weeks for my child to receive the varicella immunization." c. "I will help my child to bow bubbles during the injection." d. "My child may have some drainage form injection site."
C
A nurse is providing preoperative education for an 8-year-old child prior to cardiac surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Provide education for the child immediately before the surgery b. Plan a teaching session that will last no longer than 60 min. c. Use a doll with tubes and an incision to explain the surgery d. Discuss methods to cover the scar once healing has occurred.
C
A nurse is providing teaching about disease-management strategies to a 9-year-old client who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? a. "Through and effective pulmonary clearance cane help prevent the need for a lung transplant when you get older." b. "You should eat these kinds of food because they will help you grow big and strong." c. "Your mucus is thick because cystic fibrosis interferes with hoe your glands work." d. "Your medication follows a certain schedule to help sleep better."
C
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a toddler who is undergoing insertion of tympanostomy tubes. Which of the following statement should the nurse include? a. "The doctor will replace the tubes routinely about every 2 years." b. "If your child gets water in her ears will not cause any further problems." c "The tubes should stay in place until they fall out on their own." d. "Now that the tubes are in place, she should not have any further problems with hearing."
C
A nurse is talking with the parent of a 4-month-old infant about growth and development. which of the following statements indicates that the parent needs further teaching? a. "I need to remind my older kids to keep small objects out of the baby's reach." b. "I let my baby play on her stomach when she is awake and I am watching." c. "My baby loves to play with pillows in her crib." d. "My baby in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat of my car."
C
A nurse is teaching nursing students the physiology of congenital heart defects. Which defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow? a. Atrial septal defect b. Ventricular septal defect c. Tetralogy of Fallot d. Patent ductus arteriosus
C
A toddler client with a fever is prescribed amoxicillin clavulanate 250 mg/5 cc three times daily by mouth × 10 days for otitis media. Which teaching point will guard against antibiotic resistance to the disease process? a. Administer a loading dose for the first dose. b. Measure the prescribed dose in a household teaspoon. c. Give the antibiotic for the full 10 days. d. Stop the antibiotic if the child is afebrile.
C
An 8-year-old girl asks the nurse how the blood pressure apparatus works. The most appropriate nursing action is to a. Ask her why she wants to know. b. Determine why she is so anxious. c. Explain in simple terms how it works. d. Tell her she will see how it works as it is used.
C
An effective technique for communicating with toddlers is to a. Have the toddler make up a story from a picture. b. Involve the toddler in dramatic play with dress-up clothing. c. Use picture books. d. Ask the toddler to draw pictures of his fears.
C
Sociologists define the family as a group of people: a. with blood ties, adoption, guardianship, or marriage b. with a focus on perpetuating the species c. who are living together d. who have strong emotional ties
C
The mother of a child 2 years 6 months has arranged a play date with the neighbor and her child 2 years 9 months. During the play date the two mothers should expect that the children will do which of the following? A. Share and trade their toys while playing. B. Play with one another with little or no conflict. C. Play alongside one another but not actively with one another. D. Only play with one or two items, ignoring most of the other toys.
C
The nurse administers the Denver Developmental Screening Test II to a child. The child fails to successfully complete a series of items. The nurse learns that the child has an infection, did not sleep well the night before, and is on antibiotics. Which of the following actions would be best on the part of the nurse? a. Do nothing, as the test results are not affected by the childs condition. b. Do not readminister the series that was failed or the entire test, as retakes are invalid. c. Administer the test again in 1 month if the child is then well and sleeping well. d. Wait at least 2 years to administer the test, moving up to the Denver III.
C
The nurse in the pediatric clinic observes a parental lack of warmth and interest toward the child. Which parental style will the nurse most likely document in this situation? a. Authoritarian b. Authoritative c. Passive d. Permissive
C
The nurse is planning a teaching session for a young child and her parents. According to Piaget's theory, the period of cognitive development in which the child is able to distinguish between concepts related to fact and fantasy, such as human beings are incapable of flying like birds, is the _______ period of cognitive development. a. Sensorimotor b. Formal operations c. Concrete operations d. Preoperational
C
The nurse is using the FLACC scale to rate the pain level in a 9-month-old. Which is the nurse's best response to the father's question of what the FLACC scale is? A. "It estimates a child's level of pain utilizing vital sign information." B. "It estimates a child's level of pain based on parents' perception." C. "It estimates a child's level of pain utilizing behavioral and physical responses." D. "It estimates a child's level of pain utilizing a numeric scale from 0 to 5."
C
The parents of an 8-year-old state that their son seems very interested in trying new activities. When the parents ask for suggested activities for this age child, the nurse recommends scouts as an activity that will foster growth and development. In which stage of Erikson's "psychosocial stages of development" is this child? a. Trust versus mistrust b. Initiative versus guilt c. Industry versus inferiority d. Identity versus role confusion
C
What does the nurse need to know when observing a chronically ill child at play? a. Play is not important to hospitalized children. b. Children need to have structured play periods. c. Children's play is a form of communication. d. Play is to be discouraged because it tires hospitalized
C
What should parents understand is one of the most common causes of injury and death for a 7-month-old infant? A. Poisoning. B. Child abuse. C. Aspiration. D. Dog bites.
C
What surgical procedure is performed to decrease pulmonary blood flow? a. Right ventricle banding b. Left ventricle banding c. Pulmonary artery banding d. Aorta banding
C
When infants are born prematurely, the chronological age on the growth chart: a. is the same as for other children after 6 months b. is not accurate, and a special chart for preemies must be used c. must be corrected subtracting weeks or months of prematurity until age 18 months old d. must be corrected until age 18, subtracting the period of prematurity from the age
C
When interviewing the mother of a 3-year-old child, the nurse asks about developmental milestones such as the age of walking without assistance. This should be considered a. Unnecessary information, because the child is 3 years old b. An important part of the family history c. An important part of the child's past growth and development d. An important part of the child's review of systems
C
Which action is appropriate when the nurse is assessing breath sounds of an 18-month-old crying child? a. Ask the parent to quiet the child so the nurse can listen. b. Auscultate breath sounds and chart that the child was crying. c. Encourage the child to play with the stethoscope to distract and to calm down before auscultating. d. Document that data are not available because of noncompliance.
C
Which factor has the greatest influence on child growth and development? a. Culture b. Environment c. Genetics d. Nutrition
C
Which information will be most helpful in teaching parents about the primary prevention of foreign body aspiration a. Signs and symptoms of foreign body aspiration b. Therapeutic management of foreign body aspiration c. most common objects that toddlers aspirate d. risks associated with foreign body aspiration
C
Which of the following is likely to be the most effective method of communicating with older school-age children and adolescents? a. direct communication b. nonverbal body language c. written communication d. telephone conversation
C
You are working with a child and the child's family. Which of the following actions on your part would most help to establish trust? a. Call caregivers at least 24 hours before canceling appointments. b. Explain procedures in a way that you feel comfortable with. c. Don't make promises you cannot keep, and keep all the ones you make. d. Maintain client confidentiality for information that would upset the client if disclosed.
C
nurse is preparing to assess an 11-month-old infant during a well-child examination. which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Pull the infant's pinna up and back when examining the ears b. Palpate and count the infant's radial pulse for 15 seconds c. Examine the infant's throat at the end of the examination d. Check the infant's blood pressure in borth arms
C
The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Which findings support the patient's diagnosis? (Select all that apply.) A. Concave chest B. Dry, scaly skin C. Protuberant abdomen D. Wasted buttocks E. Thick extremities
C D
A child had a tonsillectomy this morning. What action by the nurse is most important for the child's safety A. Avoid giving her red popsicles. B. Limit activity the first night. C. Offer ice cream when awake. D. Position the child on her side.
D
A nurse delegates the task of neonatal vital-sign assessment to a nurse technician. Which instruction will the nurse give to the technician prior to assign care? a. Report any neonate using abdominal muscles to breathe. b. Report any neonate with apnea for 10 seconds. c. Count respirations for 15 seconds and multiply by 4 to get the rate for 1 minute. d. Report any neonate with a breathing pause that lasts 20 seconds or longer.
D
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a child who has bruises that support a suspicion of child abuse. which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Ask the child if his parents are responsible for the abuse b. Notify the facility's risk manager c. Interview the child with his parents present d. Report the suspected abuse to local authorities
D
A nurse is an emergency department is assessing a school-aged child who is experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? a. Excessively prolonged expiration b. Increased diaphoresis c. Increased production of froth sputum d. Sudden decrease in wheezing
D
A nurse is caring for a 2 year old child. The parents request a toy for their child. The nurse understands that the most appropriate toy from the playroom for this child is which of the following? a. Doll with clothes b. Cartoon c. DVD Video game d. 10-piece wood puzzle
D
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has cystic fibrosis. The nurse is planning to take the child to the playroom. Which of the following activities would be appropriate for the child? A. Cutting figures from colored paper B. Drawing stick figures using crayons C. Riding a tricycle D. Building towers of blocks
D
A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who is in skeletal traction following a complete fracture of the femur. Which of the following diversional activities should the nurse of the child? a. Puzzle with large pieves b. Building blocks c. Finger paints d. Chapter books
D
A nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis who has a pulmonary infection. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? a. Blood streaking of the sputum b. Dry mucous membranes c. Constipation d. Inability to clear secretions
D
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has otitis media and a temperature of 102.4 F. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Reduce the temperature of the child's room b. Redress the child in minimal clothing c. Applying cool compresses to the child's forehead d. Administer an antipyretic to the child
D
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a preschooler who was admitted for the treatment of measles. Which of the following activities should the nurse include in the client's care plan? a. Constructing a model airplane b. Playing a video game in the playroom c. Pulling a wagon with toys in the hallway d. Putting together a puzzle with large pieces.
D
A nurse is performing a annual physical assessment of a preschooler. the parent expresses concern about the child's 4lb weight gain over the past year. which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "This amount of weight gain could likely indicate a serious problem." b. "This weight change seems to be the result of poor eating habits." c. "Your child should have gained double this amount in a year." d. "Your child's weight change is expected for this age group."
D
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardians of a 4-month-old infant on how to play with the infant. which of the following play activities should the nurse suggest for this infant? a. Show the indant a board book with large pictures b. Imitate the sounds of different farm animals for the infant c. Give the infant a large push-pull toy d. Allow the infant to splash in the bathtub
D
A nurse is teaching an adolescent about various strategies for chronic pain management. Which of the following activities should the nurse use as an example of non-pharmacological strategy of thought-stopping? a. Assemble a puzzle b. Discuss a recent pleasurable event c. Tighten and then relax each body part d. Repeat memorized facts about the pain event
D
A nurse is teaching an adolescent who has asthma about how to use a peak expiratory flow meter (PEFM). Which of the following responses by the adolescent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will breath in through the mouthpiece hold my breath for 5 sec., and then exhale." b. "If I get a reading in the green zone, I will tell my parents immediately so they can call the doctor." c. "I will slowly exhale through the mouthpiece over a 10 sec interval." d. "I will record the highest reading of the three attempts."
D
A school nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to the child? a. Zafirlukast b. Budesonide c. Montelukast d. Albuterol
D
A school-age client has been receiving morphine every two hours for postoperative pain as ordered. The medication relieves the pain for approximately 90 minutes, and then the pain returns. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate? a. Tell the child that pain medication cannot be administered more frequently than every two hours. b. Reposition the child and quietly leave the room. c. Inform the parents that the child is dependent on the medication. d. Call the healthcare provider to see if the child's orders for pain medication can be changed.
D
According to developmental theories, which important event is essential to the development of the toddler? A. The child learns to feed self. B. The child develops friendships. C. The child learns to walk. D. The child participates in being potty-trained.
D
An 8-day-old was admitted to the hospital with vomiting and dehydration. The new born's heart rate is 170, respiratory rate is 44, blood pressure is 85/52, and temperature is 99°F (37.2°C). What is the nurse's best response to the parents who ask if the vital signs are normal? A. "The blood pressure is elevated, but the other vital signs are within normal limits." B. "The temperature is elevated, but the other vital signs are within normal limits." C. "The respiratory rate is elevated, but the other vital signs are within normal limits." D. "The heart rate is elevated, but the other vital signs are within normal limits."
D
At what age are children old enough to have their temperature taken orally? a. 10 months b. 3 years c. 18 months d. 5 to 6 years or more
D
The finding the nurse would expect when measuring blood pressure on all four extremities of a child with coarctation of the aorta is: a. Blood pressure is higher on the right side. b. Blood pressure is higher on the left side. c. Blood pressure is lower in the arms than in the legs. d. Blood pressure is lower in the legs than in the arms.
D
The hospital admitting nurse is taking a history of a child's illness from the parents. The nurse concludes that the parents treated their 6-year-old child appropriately for a fever related to otitis media. Which action by the parents brought the nurse to this conclusion? A. Used aspirin every four hours to reduce the fever B. Alternated acetaminophen with ibuprofen every two hours C. Put the child in a tub of cold water to reduce the fever D. Offered generous amounts of fluids frequently
D
The most common cause of death in the adolescent age-group involves a. Drownings b. Firearms c. Drug overdoses d. Motor vehicles
D
The mother of a 9-month-old infant is concerned because the infant cries when approached by an unknown shopper at the grocery store. What is the best response for the nurse to make to the mother? a. "You could consider leaving the infant more often with other people so he can adjust." b. "You might consider taking him to the doctor because he may be ill." c. "Have you noticed whether the baby is teething?" d. "This is a sign of stranger anxiety and demonstrates healthy attachment."
D
The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that her bandage is too wet. The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. What nursing action is most appropriate to institute initially? a. Notify the physician. b. Place the child in Trendelenburg position. c. Apply a new bandage with more pressure. d. Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.
D
The nurse is collecting data on a child with a diagnosis of tonsillitis. Which clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in the child with this diagnosis? a) Bark-like cough b) Drooling c) Hoarseness d) Erythema of the pharynx
D
The nurse is preparing to count the respirations of an infant. The nurse will count the respirations for: a. 15 seconds, watching the chest b. 1 minute, watching the chest c. 30 seconds, watching the abdomen d. 1 minute, watching the abdomen
D
The practitioner changes the medications for the child with asthma to salmeterol (Serevent). The mother asks the nurse what this drug will do. The nurse explains that salmeterol (Serevent) is used to treat asthma because the drug produces which characteristic? a. Decreases inflammation b. Decreases mucous production c. Controls allergic rhinitis d. Dilates the bronchiole
D
What do parents of preschool children need to understand about discipline? a. Both parents and the child should agree on the method of discipline. b. Discipline should involve some physical restriction. c. The method of discipline should be consistent with the discipline methods of the child's peers. d. Discipline should include positive reinforcement of desired behaviors.
D
When assessing a child with coarctation of the aorta, the nurse should perform assessments to all of the follow areas except: A. Blood pressure in all of the extremities. B. Monitoring the perfusion to the extremities. C. Pre-assessment for Digoxin before giving the prescribed doses. D. Assessing the narrowing pulse pressures
D
When caring for the child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should understand that: a. The childs fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours. b. The principal area of involvement is the joints. c. Aspirin is contraindicated. d. Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.
D
Which behavior is most likely to encourage open communication? a. Avoiding eye contact b. Folding arms across chest c. Standing with head bowed d. Soft stance with arms loose at the side
D
Which explanation regarding cardiac catheterization is appropriate for a preschool child? a. Postural drainage will be performed every 4 to 6 hours after the test. b. It is necessary to be completely asleep during the test. c. The test is short, usually taking less than 1 hour. d. When the procedure is done, you will have to keep your leg straight for at least 4 hours.
D
Which postoperative intervention should be questioned for a child after a cardiac catheterization? a. Continue intravenous (IV) fluids until the infant is tolerating oral fluids. b. Check the dressing for bleeding. c. Assess the peripheral circulation on the affected extremity. d. Keep the affected leg flexed and elevated.
D
Which statement accurately describes the best method for assessing a 12-month-old? A. The nurse should assess the child on the examining table. B. The nurse should assess the child in a head-to-toe sequence. C. The nurse should have the child's mother assist in holding her down. D. The nurse should assess the child while she is in her mother's lap.
D
Why might a newborn infant with a cardiac defect, such as coarctation of the aorta resulting in a right-to-left shunt, receive prostaglandin E1? a. To decrease inflammation b. To control pain c. To decrease respirations d. To keep the ductus arteriosus patent
D
You are the nurse admitting a toddler to the pediatric infectious disease unit. What is the single most important component of the child's physical examination? a. Assessment of heart and lungs b. Measurement of height and weight c. Documentation of parental concerns d. Obtaining an accurate history
D
