Peds Exam 2

The nurse provides feeding instructions to a mother of an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). To assist in reducing the episodes of emesis, which instruction should the nurse provide the mother? A. Provide less frequent, larger feedings. B,. Burp less frequently during feedings. C. Thin the feedings by adding water to the formula. D. Thicken the feedings by adding rice cereal to the formula.

D

The mother of an 18-month-old child tells the clinic nurse that the child has been having some mild diarrhea and describes the child's stools as "mushy." The mother tells the nurse that the child is tolerating fluids and solid foods. The most appropriate suggestion regarding the child's diet would be to give the child which items? 1. Applesauce, bananas, wheat toast 2. Mashed potatoes with baked chicken 3. Gelatin, strained cabbage, and custard 4. Fluids only until the "mushy" stools stop

2

The nurse reviews the record of a child who is suspected to have glomerulonephritis. Which statement by the child's parent should the nurse expect that is associated with this diagnosis? 1. "I'm so glad they didn't find any protein in his urine." 2. "I noticed his urine was the color of coca-cola lately." 3. "His health care provider said his kidneys are working well." 4. "The nurse who admitted my child said his blood pressure was low."

2

A child is hospitalized because of persistent vomiting. The nurse should monitor the child closely for which problem? 1. Diarrhea 2. Metabolic acidosis 3. Metabolic alkalosis 4. Hyperactive bowel sounds

3

The nurse is preparing to care for an infant who has esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. Surgery is scheduled to be performed in 1 hour. Intravenous fluids have been initiated, and a nasogastric (NG) tube has been inserted by the health care provider. The nurse plans care, knowing that which intervention is of highest priority during this preoperative period? 1. Monitor the temperature. 2. Monitor the blood pressure. 3. Reposition the infant frequently. 4. Aspirate the NG tube every 5 to 10 minutes.

4

When collecting the history about a child who presents with signs of glomerulonephritis, the nurse should report which most important finding to the health care provider? 1. Child fell off a bike onto the handlebars 2. Nausea and vomiting for the last 24 hours 3. Urticaria and itching for 1 week before diagnosis 4. Streptococcal throat infection 2 weeks before diagnosis

4

The nurse is evaluating a female child with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis for sign of improvement. Which finding typically is the earliest signs of improvement? A. increase urine output B. increased appetite C. increased energy level D. decreased diarrhea

A

The nurse is planning care for a child with hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). The child has been anuric and will be receiving peritoneal dialysis treatment. The nurse should plan to include which intervention in the care of the child? A. Restriction of fluids, as prescribed B. Administration of analgesics, as prescribed C. Monitoring the arteriovenous (AV) fistula D. Encouraging the intake of foods that are high in potassium

A

Parents bring their infant to the clinic, seeding treatment for V/D that has lasted for 2 days. On assessment, the nurse in charge detects dry mucous membranes and lethargy. What other finding suggests fluid volume deficit? A. Decreased pulse rate B. sunken fontanel C. increased blood pressure D. low specific gravity

B

The nurse is assigned to care for a child who is scheduled for an appendectomy. Which prescriptions does the nurse anticipate to be prescribed? Select all that apply. A. Administer a Fleet enema. B. Initiate an intravenous line. C. Maintain nothing-by-mouth status. D. Administer intravenous antibiotics. E. Administer preoperative medications. F. Place a heating pad on the abdomen to decrease pain.

B, c, d, e

Dr. Jones prescribes corticosteroids for a child with nephrotic syndrome. What is the primary purpose of administering corticosteroids? A. to increase blood pressure B. to reduce inflammation C. to decrease proteinuria D. to prevent infection

C

The nurse is preparing a 2-year-old child with suspected nephrotic syndrome for a renal biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. The mother asks the nurse, "Will my child ever look thin again?" The nurse should respond by giving which statement? A. "When children are little, it's expected that they'll look a little chubby." B. "Do you feel guilty about your child's weight gain?" C. "In most cases, medication and diet will control fluid retention." D. "Wearing loose-fitting clothing should help conceal the extra weight."

C

The nurse is reviewing the health record of an infant with a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux. Which signs/symptoms of this disorder should the nurse expect to note documented in the record? A. Excessive oral secretions B. Bowel sounds heard over the chest C. Hiccupping and spitting up after a meal D. Coughing, wheezing, and short periods of apnea

C

The nurse reviews the record of an infant who is seen in the clinic. The nurse notes that a diagnosis of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is suspected. The nurse expects to note which most likely manifestation of this condition in the medical record? A. Incessant crying B. Coughing at nighttime C. Choking with feedings D. Severe projectile vomiting

C