PEDS Example Questions - EXAM 1

A nurse provides instructions to the parents of an infant regarding car travel and safety seats. Which of the following is the most appropriate information related to the safety of the infant? 1 - Restrain in a car seat in the front seat in a semireclined, rear-facing position. 2 - Restrain in a car seat in the front seat in a semireclined, forward-facing position. 3 - Restrain in a car seat in the back seat in a semireclined, rear-facing position. 4 - Restrain in a car seat in the back seat in a semi-reclined, forward-facing position.

3 - Restrain in a car seat in the back seat in a semireclined, rear-facing position.

During a nap, a 3-year-old hospitalized boy wets the bed. The best approach by the nurse would be to: 1 - Tell him to help with remaking the bed 2 - Change his clothes and make no issue of it 3 - Change his bed, putting a rubber sheet on it 4 - Explain that big boys should try to call the nurse

3 - Change his bed, putting a rubber sheet on it

A nurse is preparing to care for a 5-year-old who has been placed in traction following a fracture of the femur. The nurse plans care, knowing that which of the following is the most appropriate activity for this child? 1 - Large picture books 2 - A radio 3 - Crayons and a coloring book 4 - A sports video

3 - Crayons and a coloring book

2. A mother of a 3-year-old tells a clinic nurse tha the child is rebelling constantly and having temper tantrums. The nurse most appropriately tells the mother to 1 - Punish the child every time the child says "no," to change the behavior. 2 - Allow the behavior because this is normal at this age period. 3 - Set limits on the child's behavior. 4 - Ignore the child when this behavior occurs.

3 - Set limits on the child's behavior.

A maternity nurse is providing instructions to a new mother regarding the psychosocial development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the nurse would instruct the mother to 1 - Allow the newborn infant to signal a need. 2 - Anticipate all of the needs of the newborn infant. 3 - Avoid the newborn infant during the first 10 minutes of crying. 4 - Attend to the newborn infant immediately when crying.

1 - Allow the newborn infant to signal a need.

What would the nurse expect to find when exploring a 9-year-old's concept of death? 1. Knows that death is a final process. 2. Regards death as a temporary state of sleep. 3. Believes death is something that "just happens." 4. Thinks death results fro being bad.

1. Knows that death is a final process.

What are appropriate toys for an 18-month-old infant to have for play while in a croup tent? 1. Rattles. 2. Stacking rings. 3. Crayons and coloring book. 4. Soap bubbles

2. Stacking rings.

The response that would be unusual in infants subjected to prolonged hospitalization would be: 1 - Lack of slowness of weight gain 2 - Limited emotional response to stimuli 3 - Excessive crying and clinging when approached 4 - Looking at ceiling lights rather than at persons caring for them.

3 - Excessive crying and clinging when approached

A mother of a 3-year-old asks a clinic nurse about appropriate and safe toys for the child. The nurse tells the mother that the most appropriate toy for a 3-year-old is which of the following? 1 - A farm set 2 - A golf set 3 - A jack set with marbles 4 - A wagon

4 - A wagon

The mother of a 3-year-old is concerned because her child still is insisting on a bottle at nap time and a t bedtime. Which of the following is te most appropriate suggestion to the mother? 1 - Do not allow the child to have the bottle. 2 - Allow the bottle during naps but not a bedtime. 3 - Allow the bottle if it contains juice. 4 - Allow the bottle if it contains water.

4 - Allow the bottle if it contains water.

The nurse plans to talk to a mother about toilet-training a toddler, knowing that the most important factor in the process of toilet training is the: 1 - Child's desire to be dry 2 - Ability of the child to sit stll 3 - Parent's willingness to work at it 4 - Approach and attitude of the parent

4 - Approach and attitude of the parent

A nurse assesses the vital signs of a 12-month-old infant with a respiratory infection. The respiratory rate is 35 breaths per minute. Based on this finding, which action is most appropriate? 1 - Notify the physician. 2 - Administer oxygen. 3 - Reassess the respiratory rate in 15 minutes. 4 - Document the findings.

4 - Document the findings.

A 4-year-old child diagnosed with leukemia is hospitalized for chemotherapy. The child is fearful of the hospitalization. Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate to alleviate the child's fears? 1 - Advise the family to visit only during the scheduled visiting hours. 2 - Encourage play with other children of the same age. 3 - Provide a private room, allowing the child to bring the favorite toys form home. 4 - Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child.

4 - Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child.

When providing nursing care to a preschooler, the nurse should remember that a child this age has a fear of: 1 - Pain 2 - Death 3 - Isolation 4 - Mutilation

4 - Mutilation

The parents of a 2-year-old arrive at a hospital to visit their child. The child is in the playroom when the parents arrive. When the parents enter the playroom, the child does not readily approach the parents. The nurse interprets this behavior as indicating that 1 - The child is withdrawn. 2 - The child is self-centered. 3 - The child has adjusted to the hospitalized setting. 4 - This is a normal pattern.

4 - This is a normal pattern.

Which of the following is an appropriate teaching topic for the parents of a school-age child? 1. Using a night light to allay night terrors. 2. Encouraging the child to dress without help. 3. Explaining the components of a healthy diet. 4. Reviewing information about accident prevention.

4. Reviewing information about accident prevention.

A mother arrives at a clinic with her toddler and tells a nurse that she has a difficult time getting the child to go to bed at night. Which of the following is most appropriate for the nurse to suggest to the mother? 1 - Inform the child of bedtime a few minutes before it is time for bed. 2 - Allow the child to have temper tantrums. 3- Allow the child to set bedtime limits. 4 - Avoid a nap during the day.

1 - Inform the child of bedtime a few minutes before it is time for bed.

A nursing instructor asks a nursing student to describe the formal operations stage of Piaget's cognitive developmental theory. The most appropriate response by the nursing student is 1 - "The child has the ability to think abstractly." 2 - "The child develops logical thought patterns." 3 - "The child has difficulty separating fantasy from reality." 4 - "The child begins to understand the environment."

1 - "The child has the ability to think abstractly."

At 2 years of age, a child is readmitted to the hospital for additional surgery. The most important factor in preparing the child for this experience is: 1 - Gratification of the child's wishes 2 - The child's previous hospital visits 3 - Assurance of affection and security 4 - Avoiding leaving the child with strangers

3 - Assurance of affection and security

Attendance of parents during painful procedures on their toddlers should be: 1 - Based on individual assessment of the parents 2 - Based on the type of procedure to be performed 3 - Discouraged for the benefit of the parents and the child 4 - Encouraged and permitted if the child desires their presence

1 - Based on individual assessment of the parents

A preschool-age child is admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. The mother is embarrassed because the child has wet the bed, which he hasn't done since he was toilet trained. Which of the following statements might the nurse make to the mother? 1. "This happens quite often with children when they are admitted tot the hospital. When he feels better, his toileting skills will return to normal." 2. "My, how embarrassing for you to have your child do this. Don't worry. We see this all the time." 3. "Bedwetting is often a side effect of the antibiotic medication that your child is receiving. When the medicine is finished, his toileting skills will return to normal." 4. "I will be sure to report the bedwetting to the physician, because it may require additional tests to determine the cause."

1. "This happens quite often with children when they are admitted tot the hospital. When he feels better, his toileting skills will return to normal."

The mother of a 16-year-old tells a nurse that she is concerned because the child sleeps about 8 hours every night and until noontime every weekend. The most appropriate nursing response is which of the following? 1 - "The child probably is anemic and should eat more foods containing iron." 2 - "Adolescents need that amount of sleep every night." 3 - "The child should not be staying up so late at night." 4 - "If the child eats properly, that should not be happening."

2 - "Adolescents need that amount of sleep every night."

A clinic nurse provides information to the mother of a toddler regarding toilet training. Which statement if made by the mother indicates a need for further information regarding the toilet training? 1 - "The child will not be ready to toilet train until the age of about 18 to 24 months." 2 - "Bladder control usually is achieved before bowel control." 3 - "The child should not be forced to sit on the potty for long periods." 4 - "The ability of the child to remove clothing is a sign of physical readiness."

2 - "Bladder control usually is achieved before bowel control."

The mother of a 2-year-old child tells the nurse she is having difficult disciplining her child. The nurse's response most appropriate to this comment would be: 1 - "This is a difficult age that your child is going through right now." 2 - "I'm not sure what you mean by difficulty. Tell me more about this." 3 - "I can understand what you mean; that's why it's called the terrible twos." 4 - "You know you have to be consistent with toddlers when you are disciplining them."

2 - "I'm not sure what you mean by difficulty. Tell me more about this."

On the third day of hospitalization, a 2-year-old child who had been screaming and crying inconsolably begins to regress and is now lying quietly in the crib with a blanket. The nurse recognizes that the child is in the stage of: 1 - Denial 2 - Despair 3 - Mistrust 4 - Rejection

2 - Despair

When teaching a mother how to prevent accidents while caring for her 6-month-old infant, the nurse should emphasize that at this age, a child can usually: 1 - Sit up 2 - Roll over 3 - Crawl lengthy distances 4 - Stand while holding on to furniture

2 - Roll over

A nurse is evaluating the developmental level of a 2-year-old. Which of the following does the nurse expect to observe in this child? 1 - Uses a fork to eat. 2 - Uses a cup to drink. 3 - Uses a knife for cutting food. 4 - Pours own milk into a cup.

2 - Uses a cup to drink.

A clinic nurse assesses the communication patterns of a 5-month-old infant. The nurse determines that the infant is demonstrating the highest level of developmental achievement expected if the infant: 1 - Uses simple words such as "mama." 2 - Uses monosyllabic babbling. 3 - Links syllables together. 4 - Coos when comforted.

2 - Uses monosyllabic babbling.

A 15 month old is playing in the playpen. The nurse evaluates that the child's ability to perform physical tasks is at the age-related norm when the child is able to: 1 - Build a tower of six blocks 2 - Walk across the playpen with ease 3 - Throw all the toys out of the playpen 4 - Stand in the playpen holding onto the sides

2 - Walk across the playpen with ease

Which behavior indicates that a n 18-month-old infant is developing a nonadaptive reaction to hospitalization? 1. Cries when the mother leaves. 2. Ignores mother when she arrives to visit. 3. Eats using fingers rather than utensils. 4. Is afraid of the dark

2. Ignores mother when she arrives to visit.

4.) Which of the following actions would the nurse recommend to provide a 12-month-old infant with nutrients for growth? 1. Exclude milk from the infant's diet until he or she begins to like other foods. 2. Offer the infant small amounts of meat and vegetables before offering milk. 3. Withhold desserts until the infant has eaten his or her vegetables. 4. Mix strained meat and vegetables into the milk given to the infant

2. Offer the infant small amounts of meat and vegetables before offering milk.

The mother of an 8-year-old child tells the clinic nurse that she is concerned about the child because the child seems to be more attentive to friends than anything else. The most appropriate nursing response would be which of the following? 1 - "You need to be concerned." 2 - "You need to monitor the child's behavior closely." 3 - "At this age, the child is developing his own personality." 4 - "You need to provide more praise to the child to stop this behavior."

3 - "At this age, the child is developing his own personality."

When a mother expresses her concern to the nurse that her 4-year-old child is spending a lot of time playing with an imaginary playmate, the nurse should respond: 1 - "Perhaps your child needs more interaction with friends." 2 - "You have reason to be concerned. This is not typical behavior." 3 - "Imaginary playmates are an important part of a young child's life." 4 - "This is a sign of social immaturity. I recommend psychological counseling."

3 - "Imaginary playmates are an important part of a young child's life."

The mother of a 4-year-old child calls the clinic nurse and expresses concern because the child has been masturbating. The most appropriate response by the nurse is which of the following? 1 - "The child is very young to gein this behavior and should be brought to the clinic." 2 - "This not normal behavior, and the child should be seen by the physician." 3 - "This is a normal behavior at this age." 4 - "Children usually begin this behavior at age 8 years."

3 - "This is a normal behavior at this age."

7. A mother of a 5-year-old child tells the nurse that the child scolds the floor or a table if the child hurts herself on the object. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, this behavior is identified as 1 - Object permanence. 2 - Egocentric speech. 3 - Animism. 4 - Global organization.

3 - Animism.

A nurse prepares to take the blood pressure of a school-aged child. To obtain an accurate measurement, the nurse ensures that the blood pressure cuff covers 1 - One half of the distance between the antecubital fossa and the shoulder. 2 - One third of the distance between the antecubital fossa and the shoulder. 3 - Two thirds of the distance between the antecubitaal fossa and the shoulder. 4 - One quarter of the distance between the antecubital fossa and the shoulder.

3 - Two thirds of the distance between the antecubitaal fossa and the shoulder.

Planning anticipatory guidance is an important nursing function. Considering the teaching for the family of an 18-month-old, which comment by the mother indicates she understands safety concerns? 1. "Keep an eye on her all of the time; don't let her out of my sight." 2. "When she says 'no-no,' then she understands right and wrong." 3. "I will need to be sure that the locks on the medicine cabinet are secure." 4. "I'll be sure to give her syrup of ipecac whenever she swallows any poison."

3. "I will need to be sure that the locks on the medicine cabinet are secure."

A 10-year-old girl is scheduled for an open reduction and internal fixation of the femur. What is an important preoperative nursing action? 1. Have the mother read her a favorite story to reduce anxiety before the surgery. 2. Ask the child what she knows about the procedure. 3. Suggest role playing and provide materials. 4. Tell the child that she will return with just a cast on and that it won't hurt.

3. Suggest role playing and provide materials.

A 2-year-old child is treated in the emergency room for a burn to the chest and abdomen. The child sustained the burn by grabbing a cup of hot coffee that was left on the kitchen counter. The nurse reviews the safety principles with the parents before discharge. Which statement, if made by the parents, indicates an understanding of the measures to provide safety in the home? 1 - "I guess my children need to understand what the word hot means." 2 - "We will install a safety gate as soon as we get home so the children cannot get into the kitchen." 3 - "We will be sure that the children stay in their rooms when we work in the kitchen." 4 - "We will be sure not to leave hot liquids unattended."

4 - "We will be sure not to leave hot liquids unattended."

A 16-year-old is admitted to the hospital for acute appendicitis, and an appendectomy is performed. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate to facilitate normal growth and development? 1 - Allow the family to bring in the child's favorite computer games. 2 - Encourage the parents to room-in with the child. 3 - Encourage the child to rest and read. 4 - Allow the child to participate in activities with other individuals in the same age group when the condition permits.

4 - Allow the child to participate in activities with other individuals in the same age group when the condition permits.

A nurse is monitoring a 3-month old infant for signs of increased intracranial pressure. On palpation of the fontanels, the nurse notes that the anterior fontanel is soft and flat. Based on this finding, which nursing action is most appropriate? 1 - Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees. 2 - Notify the physician. 3 - Increase oral fluids. 4 - Document the finding.

4 - Document the finding.

Immunizations for infants should start at what age? 1. 4 months 2. 3 months 3. 2 months 4. 1 month

4. 1 month