Permafrost

Discontinuous permafrost

has breaks in the permafrost cover

How are Pingos created

hydrology created a place where water accumulated underground, then freezing and expansion lifted up the land

Permafrost and Climate Change

melting of permafrost leads to release of methane which is a destructive greenhouse gas

Average air temperature has to be less than ___ for permafrost and ____ for ground temperature

-8.5 degrees Celsius for air -.5 degrees Celsius for ground

Factors that control the creation and destruction of Permafrost

1. relief (topography) 2. vegetation- more vegetation, more permafrost 3. Hydrology- water can melt ice 4. Snow cover- insulates ground 5. Fire- both for melting and destroying vegetation 6. Soil and rock types- thermal conductents heat storage

Name the 2 zones of Permafrost

Continuous and Discontinuous permafrost

Pingo

an ice coned mound (kind of looks like this) --^--

Continuous Permafrost

no break in the permafrost cover

Permafrost stands for

stands for permanently frozen ground, thermal controlled

_____ is the most important thing for periglacial

temperature