Personal Health Ch14 CVD, diabetes, chronic lung disease
Compare the data in the Age Groups by Gender graph to the American Heart Association's recommended consumption limits for sugar per day. According to this comparison, men ages 20-39 are consuming ____ grams of sugar a day over the AHA's recommendation.
247
Approximately how many Americans die every year from food-borne illness?
3,000
MyPlate promotes a dietary balance of ____ basic food groups.
5
COPD can be reversed by quitting smoking.
False
In the United States, heart disease is the cause of 20-30 deaths per 100,000 annually.
False
TF? MyPlate is used on food labels and indicates how a particular food contributes to the recommended daily intake of major nutrients in a 2,000-calorie diet.
False
TF? Regarding heart attacks all symptoms occur in all cases; they are just not always recognized
False
TF?Across age and income-level trends, women consume more sugar than men.
False
TF?Consumers have no way of knowing the percentage of nutrients on packaged foods.
False
TF?Most food reactions are caused by food allergies rather than food intolerances.
False
TF?The FDA endorses content claims on FOPs (front-of-package labels).
False
TF?The FDA has concluded that all genetically modified food products require special safety testing.
False
TF?The group of cells in the right atrium that generates the heart's electrical signal and coordinates pumping actions is called the atrial node.
False
TF?Hypnosis may be useful in helping to control hypertension and other chronic health problems.
True
Dietary experts consider energy drinks to be
harmful if consumed in excess.
TF?Mixing hard alcohol with energy drinks can disguise the intoxication effects of the alcohol.
True
TF?Organic Foods may place consumers at higher risk of contracting foodborne illnesses.
True
TF?Packaged-food labels are regulated by the FDA, while labeling of meat and poultry products is regulated by the USDA.
True
TF?Regular small doses of aspirin are used to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
True
TF?Systemic circulation pumps oxygen-poor blood to the heart.
True
TF?The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range is the amount of a nutrient one can consume without risk of developing a chronic disease.
True
TF?The term cardiovascular disease covers abnormalities of the heart and blood vessels.
True
The term "cardiovascular disease" refers to abnormalities not only of the heart but also of all of the blood vessels in the body.
True
Type-2 diabetes appears to have both genetic and environmental components.
True
Vegetarian diets may offer protection against heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, digestive disorders, obesity, and some forms of cancer.
True
When, where, and how people access health care is heavily influenced by their insurance status.
True
You can reduce your blood levels of low density lipoproteins by reducing your consumption of saturated fats.
True
Which of the following is NOT a subgenre of asthma as outlined in the text?
Type-1
Which of the following is NOT a source of ionizing radiation?
UVA rays
List examples of Refined carbohydrate
White rice, Cheese Danish, wonder bread, flour tortilla.
Risk factors for breast cancer include
a family history of breast cancer.
Perhaps the most important noncontrollable risk factor for cardiovascular disease is
age
The most significant risk factor for most cancers is
age
Type-2 diabetes
develops when the body's cells become resistant to insulin.
Rates of diabetes have ______ every 15 years between 1950 and 2008.
doubled
What is the number-one cause of food poisoning outbreaks in the United States?
eggs containing salmonella enteritis
An electrocardiogram (EKG) is used to visualize
electrical activity in the heart.
What is a blood clot that develops at a distant site and then travels to a blood vessel, where it becomes lodged and blocks blood flow?
embolism
Diabetes is a disorder of the _____ system and the seventh leading cause of death in the United States.
endocrine
Biological cancer therapies involve the introduction of infectious agents that attack cancer cells.
false
Neighborhoods and communities that have limited access to affordable and nutritious food are called
food deserts.
Oxygen in the body is metabolized to produce unstable molecules called ________, which can damage cell structures and DNA.
free radicals
List examples of Trans Fat
french fries, donuts, onion rings
Sy had a myocardial infarction; in other words, Sy had a(n)
heart attack.
Type-1 diabetes must be treated with _____ replacement.
insulin
Craig recently died from a cancer that started in his bone marrow. What type of cancer caused Craig's death?
leukemia
Elevated levels of which type of lipoprotein are clearly associated with atherosclerosis?
low density lipoproteins (LDLs)
The leading cause of cancer death is attributed to what type of cancer?
lung
The right ventricle of the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood to the
lungs.
Kyle has a cancer of the lymph nodes or glands. What type of cancer does Kyle have?
lymphoma
What is the leading controllable risk factor for all forms of cardiovascular disease?
tobacco use
The fatty acids that pose similar or even greater risk to cardiovascular health than saturated fats are the
trans fatty acids.
Kevin woke up and had difficulty speaking. He went to the hospital and, several hours later, his speech was back to normal. What medical condition best describes Kevin's situation?
transient ischemic attack
The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for protein is _____ percent of daily energy intake.
10-35
Which of the following ethnic population groups has the highest rate of hypertension?
African American
Intake ranges that represent adequate nutrition and that are associated with reduced risk of chronic disease are called the
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.
List examples of Unsaturated Fat
Avocados, olive oil, salmon, cashews
List examples of Saturated Fat
Bacon fat, palm oil, hamburger, whole milk cheese, roasted chicken
What is NOT one of the eight foods most responsible for food allergies?
Chocolate
List examples of Whole grain
Corn tortilla, Brown rice, popcorn
Which of the following is TRUE regarding asthma? A) More boys than girls have asthma. B) More women than men have asthma. C) Asthma rates are higher for children than adults. D) All of the answers are correct.
D)
TF?Eggs, peanuts, and milk are three of the eight foods that account for 90 percent of food allergies.
True
The set of scientifically based recommendations designed to promote health and reduce the risk for many chronic diseases through diet and physical activity is known as the
Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by a blood clot, Blood clot travels to the brain from elsewhere in the body.
Embolic stroke
The amount of nutrients needed by half of the people in any one age group is known as the
Estimated Average Requirement.
What is this a sign of vomiting, Arm pain, uncomfortable pressure or squeezing, neck or jaw pain.
Heart Attack
What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by bleeding, bleeding occurs in the brain, compresses brain tissue, can be caused by brain injury.
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Which of the following statements about atherosclerosis is FALSE?
It is an irreversible process.
In 2010, the USDA introduced _____, a visual icon that illustrates the five food groups and is intended as a reminder to Americans about maintaining balanced diets.
MyPlate
To translate DRIs and the Dietary Guidelines into healthy food choices, the USDA publishes
MyPlate
TF?Gases and molecules may be exchanged directly through some capillary walls.
True
Which of the following statements about peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is FALSE?
PVD is often fatal in older adults.
The average daily amount of any one nutrient an individual needs to protect against nutritional deficiency is called the
Recommended Dietary Allowance.
The primary cause of both chronic bronchitis and emphysema is
Smoking
What is this a sign of sudden severe headache with no apparent cause, slurred speech, arm numbness.
Stroke
What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by bleeding, Bleeding occurs on the surface of the brain, compresses brain tissue, can be caused by a head injury.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by a blood clot, Blood clot originates in the brain.
Thrombotic stroke
Which of the following statements about the effects of tobacco use on the cardiovascular system is TRUE?
Tobacco triggers spasms that close off blood vessels.
Exercise is directly linked to a reduction in risk of breast cancer.
True
Meditation can help decrease blood pressure.
True
TF? Some E.colie infections can be fatal to humans.
True
TF?According to CDC findings, two of three adults are at risk for sodium sensitivity.
True
TF?Asparagus, avocados, and bananas carry little pesticide residue, whether grown conventionally or organically.
True
TF?Both MyPlate and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans differ significantly from current eating patterns in the United States.
True
TF?Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) is an umbrella term to describe nutritional guidelines that promote optimal health.
True
What fruit or vegetable that carries little pesticide residue?
bananas
three most common pathogens that cause food infection?
campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli
What is the by-product of respiration?
carbon dioxide
What is the leading cause of unintentional injury death for Americans at all ages?
motor vehicle crashes
When Kristi, a vegetarian, combines foods such as beans and rice to consume the right amino acids, she is practicing
mutual supplementation.
The right ventricle of the heart
pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
What is NOT considered a respiratory disease?
sleep apnea
The common features of a red, scaly base with a nonhealing sore describe which type of skin cancer?
squamous cell
The American Heart Association announced that hands-only CPR with just chest compressions is just as effective as standard CPR with mouth-to-mouth breathing for which of the following emergency situations?
sudden cardiac arrest
The optimal range for blood pressure level is
systolic - less than 120; diastolic - less than 80.
In what geographical region of the country are heart disease death rates the highest?
the Southeast
In this type of arrhythmia, the ventricles contract rapidly and erratically, causing the heart to quiver instead of beat rhythmically.
ventricular fibrillation
Low levels of _____ are increasingly associated with heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
vitamin D
Which of the following is NOT one of the known major controllable risk factors for cardiovascular disease?
vitamin deficiency
Among the most common symptoms of food poisoning are
vomiting and fever
All of the following statements regarding cervical cancer screening are true, EXCEPT
women should begin cervical cancer screening when they are 25.
What is NOT a risk factor for Type-2 diabetes?
young age
