Personal Health Ch14 CVD, diabetes, chronic lung disease

Compare the data in the Age Groups by Gender graph to the American Heart Association's recommended consumption limits for sugar per day. According to this comparison, men ages 20-39 are consuming ____ grams of sugar a day over the AHA's recommendation.

247

Approximately how many Americans die every year from food-borne illness?

3,000

MyPlate promotes a dietary balance of ____ basic food groups.

5

COPD can be reversed by quitting smoking.

False

In the United States, heart disease is the cause of 20-30 deaths per 100,000 annually.

False

TF? MyPlate is used on food labels and indicates how a particular food contributes to the recommended daily intake of major nutrients in a 2,000-calorie diet.

False

TF? Regarding heart attacks all symptoms occur in all cases; they are just not always recognized

False

TF?Across age and income-level trends, women consume more sugar than men.

False

TF?Consumers have no way of knowing the percentage of nutrients on packaged foods.

False

TF?Most food reactions are caused by food allergies rather than food intolerances.

False

TF?The FDA endorses content claims on FOPs (front-of-package labels).

False

TF?The FDA has concluded that all genetically modified food products require special safety testing.

False

TF?The group of cells in the right atrium that generates the heart's electrical signal and coordinates pumping actions is called the atrial node.

False

TF?Hypnosis may be useful in helping to control hypertension and other chronic health problems.

True

Dietary experts consider energy drinks to be

harmful if consumed in excess.

TF?Mixing hard alcohol with energy drinks can disguise the intoxication effects of the alcohol.

True

TF?Organic Foods may place consumers at higher risk of contracting foodborne illnesses.

True

TF?Packaged-food labels are regulated by the FDA, while labeling of meat and poultry products is regulated by the USDA.

True

TF?Regular small doses of aspirin are used to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

True

TF?Systemic circulation pumps oxygen-poor blood to the heart.

True

TF?The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range is the amount of a nutrient one can consume without risk of developing a chronic disease.

True

TF?The term cardiovascular disease covers abnormalities of the heart and blood vessels.

True

The term "cardiovascular disease" refers to abnormalities not only of the heart but also of all of the blood vessels in the body.

True

Type-2 diabetes appears to have both genetic and environmental components.

True

Vegetarian diets may offer protection against heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, digestive disorders, obesity, and some forms of cancer.

True

When, where, and how people access health care is heavily influenced by their insurance status.

True

You can reduce your blood levels of low density lipoproteins by reducing your consumption of saturated fats.

True

Which of the following is NOT a subgenre of asthma as outlined in the text?

Type-1

Which of the following is NOT a source of ionizing radiation?

UVA rays

List examples of Refined carbohydrate

White rice, Cheese Danish, wonder bread, flour tortilla.

Risk factors for breast cancer include

a family history of breast cancer.

Perhaps the most important noncontrollable risk factor for cardiovascular disease is

age

The most significant risk factor for most cancers is

age

Type-2 diabetes

develops when the body's cells become resistant to insulin.

Rates of diabetes have ______ every 15 years between 1950 and 2008.

doubled

What is the number-one cause of food poisoning outbreaks in the United States?

eggs containing salmonella enteritis

An electrocardiogram (EKG) is used to visualize

electrical activity in the heart.

What is a blood clot that develops at a distant site and then travels to a blood vessel, where it becomes lodged and blocks blood flow?

embolism

Diabetes is a disorder of the _____ system and the seventh leading cause of death in the United States.

endocrine

Biological cancer therapies involve the introduction of infectious agents that attack cancer cells.

false

Neighborhoods and communities that have limited access to affordable and nutritious food are called

food deserts.

Oxygen in the body is metabolized to produce unstable molecules called ________, which can damage cell structures and DNA.

free radicals

List examples of Trans Fat

french fries, donuts, onion rings

Sy had a myocardial infarction; in other words, Sy had a(n)

heart attack.

Type-1 diabetes must be treated with _____ replacement.

insulin

Craig recently died from a cancer that started in his bone marrow. What type of cancer caused Craig's death?

leukemia

Elevated levels of which type of lipoprotein are clearly associated with atherosclerosis?

low density lipoproteins (LDLs)

The leading cause of cancer death is attributed to what type of cancer?

lung

The right ventricle of the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood to the

lungs.

Kyle has a cancer of the lymph nodes or glands. What type of cancer does Kyle have?

lymphoma

What is the leading controllable risk factor for all forms of cardiovascular disease?

tobacco use

The fatty acids that pose similar or even greater risk to cardiovascular health than saturated fats are the

trans fatty acids.

Kevin woke up and had difficulty speaking. He went to the hospital and, several hours later, his speech was back to normal. What medical condition best describes Kevin's situation?

transient ischemic attack

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for protein is _____ percent of daily energy intake.

10-35

Which of the following ethnic population groups has the highest rate of hypertension?

African American

Intake ranges that represent adequate nutrition and that are associated with reduced risk of chronic disease are called the

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.

List examples of Unsaturated Fat

Avocados, olive oil, salmon, cashews

List examples of Saturated Fat

Bacon fat, palm oil, hamburger, whole milk cheese, roasted chicken

What is NOT one of the eight foods most responsible for food allergies?

Chocolate

List examples of Whole grain

Corn tortilla, Brown rice, popcorn

Which of the following is TRUE regarding asthma? A) More boys than girls have asthma. B) More women than men have asthma. C) Asthma rates are higher for children than adults. D) All of the answers are correct.

D)

TF?Eggs, peanuts, and milk are three of the eight foods that account for 90 percent of food allergies.

True

The set of scientifically based recommendations designed to promote health and reduce the risk for many chronic diseases through diet and physical activity is known as the

Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by a blood clot, Blood clot travels to the brain from elsewhere in the body.

Embolic stroke

The amount of nutrients needed by half of the people in any one age group is known as the

Estimated Average Requirement.

What is this a sign of vomiting, Arm pain, uncomfortable pressure or squeezing, neck or jaw pain.

Heart Attack

What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by bleeding, bleeding occurs in the brain, compresses brain tissue, can be caused by brain injury.

Intracerebral hemorrhage

Which of the following statements about atherosclerosis is FALSE?

It is an irreversible process.

In 2010, the USDA introduced _____, a visual icon that illustrates the five food groups and is intended as a reminder to Americans about maintaining balanced diets.

MyPlate

To translate DRIs and the Dietary Guidelines into healthy food choices, the USDA publishes

MyPlate

TF?Gases and molecules may be exchanged directly through some capillary walls.

True

Which of the following statements about peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is FALSE?

PVD is often fatal in older adults.

The average daily amount of any one nutrient an individual needs to protect against nutritional deficiency is called the

Recommended Dietary Allowance.

The primary cause of both chronic bronchitis and emphysema is

Smoking

What is this a sign of sudden severe headache with no apparent cause, slurred speech, arm numbness.

Stroke

What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by bleeding, Bleeding occurs on the surface of the brain, compresses brain tissue, can be caused by a head injury.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

What type of stroke are these characteristics linked to? Caused by a blood clot, Blood clot originates in the brain.

Thrombotic stroke

Which of the following statements about the effects of tobacco use on the cardiovascular system is TRUE?

Tobacco triggers spasms that close off blood vessels.

Exercise is directly linked to a reduction in risk of breast cancer.

True

Meditation can help decrease blood pressure.

True

TF? Some E.colie infections can be fatal to humans.

True

TF?According to CDC findings, two of three adults are at risk for sodium sensitivity.

True

TF?Asparagus, avocados, and bananas carry little pesticide residue, whether grown conventionally or organically.

True

TF?Both MyPlate and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans differ significantly from current eating patterns in the United States.

True

TF?Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) is an umbrella term to describe nutritional guidelines that promote optimal health.

True

What fruit or vegetable that carries little pesticide residue?

bananas

three most common pathogens that cause food infection?

campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli

What is the by-product of respiration?

carbon dioxide

What is the leading cause of unintentional injury death for Americans at all ages?

motor vehicle crashes

When Kristi, a vegetarian, combines foods such as beans and rice to consume the right amino acids, she is practicing

mutual supplementation.

The right ventricle of the heart

pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.

What is NOT considered a respiratory disease?

sleep apnea

The common features of a red, scaly base with a nonhealing sore describe which type of skin cancer?

squamous cell

The American Heart Association announced that hands-only CPR with just chest compressions is just as effective as standard CPR with mouth-to-mouth breathing for which of the following emergency situations?

sudden cardiac arrest

The optimal range for blood pressure level is

systolic - less than 120; diastolic - less than 80.

In what geographical region of the country are heart disease death rates the highest?

the Southeast

In this type of arrhythmia, the ventricles contract rapidly and erratically, causing the heart to quiver instead of beat rhythmically.

ventricular fibrillation

Low levels of _____ are increasingly associated with heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.

vitamin D

Which of the following is NOT one of the known major controllable risk factors for cardiovascular disease?

vitamin deficiency

Among the most common symptoms of food poisoning are

vomiting and fever

All of the following statements regarding cervical cancer screening are true, EXCEPT

women should begin cervical cancer screening when they are 25.

What is NOT a risk factor for Type-2 diabetes?

young age