pharm final

The physician orders cefepime (Maxipime) for a client. What is a priority question for the nurse to ask the client prior to administration of this drug?

1. "Are you allergic to penicillin?"

The doctor orders a female client penicillin for a sinus infection. What should the nurse ask before administering this medication?

1. "Are you on birth control?"

A client prescribed Septra for a UTI. Comments by the client that would the nurse discuss with the prescriber before allowing the client to leave the clinic: (select all that apply)

1. "I forgot to take my potassium suppliment today" 2. "Is it okay to take this with my Warfarin?" (sulfa drugs are contraindicated in women at term, potassium must not be taken during therapy unless otherwise directed by doctor, may enhance the effects of oral anticoagulants, and

The client is prescribed amoxicillin (Amoxil) for 10 days to treat strep throat. After 5 days, the client tells the nurse he plans to stop the medication because he feels better. What is the best response by the nurse?

1. "If you stop the medicine early, you have not effectively killed out the bacteria making you sick".

The client receives multiple drugs for treatment of tuberculosis. The nurse teaches the client the rationale for multiple drug treatment and evaluates learning as effective when the client makes which statement?

1. "Multiple drugs are necessary because the bacteria are likely to develop resistance to just one drug."

The client tells the nurse that the doctor told him that his antibiotic did not kill his infection but just slowed its growth. The client is anxious. What is the best response by the nurse to decrease the client's anxiety?

1. "This is okay because your body will help kill the infection too."

What is the normal adult dose for morphine adult when given IVP?

1. 4 mg IVP

Which medication of inhaled pulmonary drugs is only given in acute asthmatic attack?

1. Albuterol

What should you inform your patient to avoid while taking Tylenol?

1. Alcohol (Both are metabolized in liver)

What is Lamisil used for?

1. Antifungal; used for feet.

What would you teach a patient that is prescribed a topical antifungal for treatment of ringworm? (select all that apply)

1. Apply a thin layer of the medication 2. After applying let the area dry

The client is to receive an injection of penicillin G. What are the priority nursing actions?

1. Ask the client if they have ever had an allergy to penicillin.

The client receives multiple antibiotics during a serious infection. What will the priority assessment by the nurse include? (Select all that apply)

1. Assessing changes in stool 2. White patches in the mouth 3. Urogenital rash

Why would you give epinephrine with a local anesthetic?

1. Because it causes vasoconstriction which prolongs the time

What client is at greatest risk for acquiring serious fungal infection?

1. Client who is immunosuppressed

What are common side effects of morphine?

1. Constipation 2. Respiratory depression 3. Nausea

Which laboratory tests will be performed to determine whether a specific bacterium is resistant to a specific drug?

1. Culture and sensitivity test

Following surgery, a client is placed on cefotaxime (Claforan). The assessment for possible adverse effects should include observing for:

1. Diarrhea (all cephalosporins cause diarrhea)

Discharge planning for the client prescribed tetracycline will include which instruction?

1. Do not take with medication with milk (antacids, iron and milk products can decrease the effectiveness)

Why might a patient be prescribed Midazolam (versed):

1. Givven for surgery. It is a benzodiazepine. Decreases anxiety and stress especially for surgery. Causes some nervous system depression and skeletal muscle relaxation

MRSA

1. Hold the dose of vancomycin and notify the physician

What is a common side effect of niacin when given for lowering cholesterol?

1. Hot flashes

A patient has been prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a severe sinus infection. The nurse evaluates that medication education has been effective when the patient makes which statements? Select all that apply.

1. I should avoid milk while taking this med 2. I should avoid coffee while taking this med 3. I may have some diarrhea while taking this med 4. If my stomach gets upset I should take this med with food

The drug that would most likely be used in the treatment of TB is:

1. INH (isoniazid)

Pathogenicity is different than virulence in that pathogenicity can:

1. Lead to the ability of organisms to cause infection

The client receives gentamicin (Garamycin) intravenously (IV) in the clinical setting. What is a priority nursing action?

1. Monitor the client for hearing loss.

How antifungal agents, like Flagyl, work?

1. Most interfere with synthesis of ergosterol

What are side effects of statins?

1. Muscle and joint aches. 2. Most serious is rhabdomyolysis (muscle protein breaks down and sloughed off into blood supply) 3. myopathy

A client comes to the ER with a fever of 104. The nurse anticipates which action will help identify the antibiotic needed?

1. Obtaining blood culture and sensitivity

The nurse is caring for a client receiving gentamicin IV. The nurse would observe for adverse effects of:

1. Ototoxicity (probably see on NCLEX)

A client comes to the emergency department complaining of a sore throat. He has white patches on his tonsils, and he has swollen cervical lymph nodes. What will the best plan by the nurse include?

1. Plan to obtain throat cultures.

What antihypertensive can be given sublingually?

1. Procardia XL (nifedipine) (CCB)

Your patient is receiving morphine 2mg Iv and you have another order PO for vicodin. The patient is complaining of pain again. What do you do first?

1. REASSESS

The Nurse is providing community education regarding ways to reduce development of antibiotic resistance. Which information should be included? (Select all that apply)

1. The best way to prevent antibiotic resistance is to prevent infections from occurring 2. Do not expect to receive an antibiotic prescription for colds and influenza 3. Take the full amount of any prescribed medication 4. Use good infection control measures

Treatment of tuberculosis usually involves:

1. The use of two or more drugs at the same time

Why wouldn't you want to take a corticosteriod, like prednisone, for a long period of time?

1. They have serious SE if given for a long period of time- can cause bone marrow suppression, tachycardia, nervousness; serious side effects if taken for a long time. (Also stabilize cell membranes)

What is the action of vacterl sinal drugs?

1. They kill the bacteria.

If your patient is taking Imetrex (anti-migraine), you should tell them that: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

1. They should not drive 2. Don't take with sudafed (Because both cause vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries-double effect on increase BP)

The client tells the nurse that the doctor told him that his antibiotic did not kill his infection, but slowed its growth. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?

1. This is okay because you're body will help heal the infection

What are common side effects of Aspirin?

1. Tinnitus. 2. Upset stomach (Can take enteric coated capsules for people with stomach upset)

How is Diflucan (antifungal) given to an infant for treatment of thrush? (select all that apply)

1. Use a dosing syringe 2. Give infant small amount of water 3.Breastfeeding mom may also need dosing but don't stop breastfeeding

What is an important assessment question to ask when a patient is taking Lamisil?

1. What analgesic do you take for headaches? (Metabolized in the liver so it can cause hepatotoxicity if taken with Tylenol)

What is the MOA of Accolate?

1. decreases inflammation in the lungs; asthma pts get decreased inflammation, vasodilation which opens the airways

What is the biggest benefit of inhaled pulmonary drugs?

1. faster absorption; not systemic

What are the differences in does of niacin for vitamins verses for lowering cholesterol?

1. lower dose of niacin for vitamin, and higher dose of niacin for anti cholesterol drug

What is the antidote for morphine?

1. naloxone (DOSE- 0.4 mg)

The nurse works in infection control and has a class to teach nurses about ways resistance to antibiotics can occur. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the nurses makes which statement?

1. resistance to antibiotics can occur by the common use of the for nosocomial infections

What is the major side effect of Atrovent?

1. taste (rinse mouth)

What do to loop diuretics promotes/how do they work?

1. water retention; blocks reabsorption of water and sodium in the loop of Henle

The student nurse asks the nursing instructor for help with her microbiology class. The student is studying bacteria. What does the best instruction by the nursing instructor include? (Select all that apply)

1.E. coli are gram-negative bacteria. 2. Gram-staining is one way to identify bacteria. 3. Spherical shaped bacteria are called cocci.

Zocin Dosage-

3.375 (different that most antibiotic doses)

How does morphine work for pain?

MOA- morphine is an opiate agonist. It stimulates a receptor responsible for analgesia. It does not interfere with neurotransmitters and does not release endorphins