Pharmacology LVN Test

A hospitalized adolescent client is diagnosed with asthma and an inhaler (albuterol) is prescribed. Which teaching point should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?

After inhaling, hold the breath for about 5 seconds and then slowly exhale.

The nurse is administering an iron medication to a client via the Z-track method. Which guidelines/steps are recommended for this procedure?

Do not massage the injection site. Pinch the skin of the injection site to raise the site. Allow the skin to return to its original position, while removing the needle. Insert the needle, aspirate, and inject the medication.

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?

Inject the medication into the abdomen above the kevel of the iliac crest

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client who has a deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Insert the needle at a 90° angle.

A nurse is talking with a client who is about to start taking nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsule. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Swallow the capsule whole

The nurse who is monitoring an IV site for a client receiving normal saline watches out for the signs and symptoms of infiltration. Which is a sign of the adverse condition?

Swelling

A nurse is preparing an injection using a syringe dose glass ampule. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Use a filter needle to draw up the medication

A nurse is administering an IM injection of diphtheria-tetanus with pertussis (DTaP) to a 4-month old infant. What would be the appropriate site for this injection?

Vastus Lateralis

When giving a subcutaneous injection to a very thin patient, the nurse will alter the injection technique by:

pinching up the skin and inserting the needle at a 90° angle

Which statement is true about qid and q4h

qid means to administer the medication four times a day, and q4h means to administer every 4 hours.

The nurse cautions a patient taking an anticoagulant that he should avoid taking aspirin because one drug may increase the action of the other drug. This effect is called:

synergism

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client who states. "That looks different from the pill I usually take. " How should the nurse respond?

"Describe what pill usually looks like."

The nurse explains to a student nurse that a medication's effect may be local or systemic. Which would be most likely to produce a local effect?

Anti-inflammatory creams

The nurse is documenting the administration of digoxin to a client. Which entry is written correctly?

Digoxin 0.25 mg PO QD

A nurse is administering morning medications and realizes that nifedipine was administered to the wrong client. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?

Check the client's vital signs

A nurse is preparing a medication administration record (MAR) at the health care facility. Which is the most accurate way to verify accuracy of the MAR?

Compare the medication record with the original physician order.

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has an intravenous (IV) catheter in her left forearm. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates the client has phlebitis?

the vein is hard and the skin around the insertion site is red

The nurse is dispensing a medication that is ordered for 0500. Which time can this medication be given and still be considered "on time."

0530

A client with a nasogastric tube has been prescribed a heart medication that is supplied in a capsule form. What would be the appropriate nursing action before administering this medication?

Call for a specific order to open the capsule, mix with liquid and instill in the tube.

What should the nurse do with an injection of 2mL of meperdine (Demerol) that the patient has refused? Select all that apply.

Chart in the patient's record the reason the medication was refused. Confirm the amount is correct on the narcotic log. Record in the narcotic log that the drug was wasted.

What measures should the nurse take when storing medications for an elderly client at a long-term care facility?

Relabel the medication if the content on the label is illegible

In some health care facilities, the LPN/LVN is allowed to take telephone orders form a physician. The nurse must be alert and careful when taking verbal orders. One precaution the nurse should take is to:

Repeat the order to the physician.

The nurse administering medications in a healthcare facility compares and confirms the medication name and dosages three times before administering it. Which is one of the recommended times?

When placing the medication in the medication cup or envelope.

What guidelines should the nurse follow when performing an allergy skin test.

Withdraw the needle at the same angle at which at was inserted.

The nurse is teaching a student nurse how to draw medications into a syringe. In what part of syringe would the medications be drawn?

barrel

The nurse monitors clients for adverse effects of medications they are taking. Which would be considered a minor adverse effect?

diarrhea

Important considerations are to be followed when administering medications to prevent error. Shortcuts should not be taken, and principles should be adhered to. One of these principle is:

following the six rights of medication administration.

Medications can be administered enterally or parenterally. Which is an example of a parenterally administered medication.

A subcutaneous injection

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client following an episode of status asthmaticus . The client has a prescription for two inhalations from an albuterol metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will hold my breath at least 10 seconds after inhaling the medication"

A nurse is reinforcing teaching a client who has a new prescription for gentamycin ointment to treat a skin infection. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I'll wash the area with soap and water before I apply the cream"

Which is an example of a STAT order?

A dose of epinephrine for a client experiencing anaphylactic shock

The client is to receive Xanax (alprazolam) 0.5 mg PO at bedtime. What time would be appropriate to admit this medication?

10 PM

The client's IV therapy for 10 hours stopped at 1030 PM. What is the correct military time that the nurse should document in the chart that the IV therapy was started.

1230

The client is to receive for Vitamin B12 1000 mcg IM three times a week. What does this prescription mean?

Administer Vitamin B12 1000 micrograms intramuscularly three times a week.

During a health interview, a client tells the nurse that she is taking gingko for memory improvement. For which condition should the nurse assess related to this information?

Bleeding

When administering narcotics to clients, the nurse must monitor for which side effect?

Constipation

A nurse is preparing to administer a vaginal cream to a client . The nurse should instruct the client to lie in which of the following positions while in bed?

Dorsal recumbent

The nurse administered a sedative to an older adult who was having difficulty sleeping. Later, the patient was walking the halls and becoming agitated. The nurse recognizes this behavior as a response to the drug called:

Idiosyncratic

Which guideline is recommended to prevent needle stick injuries when injecting clients?

If using safety syringe, following an injection, the nurse should push in the sheath and twist until it clicks.

When the patient complains about his IV lines and asks if he can have the medication by mouth, the nurse explains that the main problem related to the oral route is that:

Medication by mouth is absorbed slowly than by any other route.

Which medication is classified as a narcotic analgesic?

Morphine

What are the client's right regarding medication administration? Select all that apply

Right documentation. Right dose. Right medication. Right client.

Identify the meaning of preffiled cartridge.

Small vial with a needle attached that fits into a syringe holder.

When a patient comes into the emergency department with a narcotic overdose, the nurse anticipates that the patient will be treated with naloxone (Narcan), which is a (n):

antagonist

A nurse is preparing to administer ear drops to a 2-year old toddler who has an ear infection and a small amount of purulent drainage visible around the ear. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use when instilling the medication.

apply clean gloves and clean the outer ear prior to instilling drops

Write out the meaning of the following abbreviation: ac

before meals

When preparing to give an intramuscular injection into the gluteal site, the nurse uses landmarks to ensure safe placement of the medication. Those landmarks are:

on an imaginary line between the center of the gluteus and the greater trochanter.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start taking enteric-coated naproxen for rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following client statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"It's okay to crush a tablet as long as I make sure it dissolves completely in water before swallowing it."

A nurse is caring for an 8-month-old infant who is receiving intravenous (IV) fluid via a 24- gauge catheter. Which of the following statements by the client's mother indicates that the nurse should check the site for signs of infiltration.

"My baby's fingers are looking swollen"

The nurse is choosing the gauge and length of a needle for a subcutaneous injection of vitamin B12 for a client who has pernicious anemia. Which type of needles would the the best choice?

25-G, 3/8 in

A nurse is preparing to administer ofloxacin otic drops to an adult client who has otitis externa. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Apply gentle pressure with a finger to the tragus of the ear.

The nurse administering medication to an alert and oriented client checks to make sure the medication matches the client ID. Which guideline is recommended for identifying the client after checking the wrist ID band?

Ask the client "what is your name and birth date?"

A nurse on a medical unit is planning to administer a nicotine transdermal patch to a female client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include?

Date, time, and initial the patch after before applying to the client.

A nurse is preparing to administer medication is packaged in an ampule. What should the nurse do with the unused portion of the medication?

Discard any unused portion of the lidocaine in the ampule.

The nurse is preparing to administer ear drops to an adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Pull the pinna upward and backward

What specific vital-sign should be monitored by the nurse after administering morphine sulfate to a client?

Respiratory rate

The nurse administers pain medication to a client via a fentanyl transdermal patch. During nursing rounds 5 minutes later, the client states that "the patch fell off" and asks for a new one. What would be the appropriate nursing interventions in this situation?

help to locate the old patch before administering a new one

The nurse studying the metric system learns that the following measurement is used to measure volume:

mL

Which is an example of a medication administered enterally?

medication instilled through a jejunostomy tube

A nurse is preparing a medication for a client and is converting grams to milligrams. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

move the decimal point 3 places to the right

The nurse who was going off shift had prepared the medications for the nurse who was going to relieve her to save the new nurse time. The nurse coming on knew that she should:

never give the medications another person has prepared

The client has been measuring urine at home with a quart milk carton. The client states voiding 1 1/2 quarts 2 days ago 2 1/2 quarts yesterday. How many liters is this?

3.75

A nurse preparing to administer ceftriaxone 3 mL intramuscularly to an adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Choose a 25 gauge needle

If there are more than two medications prescribed to be administered using the metered-dose inhaler, the nurse must instruct the patient to wait for ____ minutes between inhalations or as ordered by the health care provider.

2-3 minutes

A nurse reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication.

When performing an intradermal injection, the nurse instills a small amount of substance into the dermis and the injection is not aspirated. One of the uses of this technique is screening for:

tuberculosis

When performing an intradermal injection, the nurse instills a small amount of substances into the dermis and the injection is not aspirated. One of the uses of this technique is screening for.

tuberculosis