Pharmacology Test 3 Agents to Control Blood Glucose Levels

Stress typically results in hypoglycemia.

False Stress typically leads to increased blood glucose levels due to the sympathetic nervous system control.

Which of the following would a nurse identify as an example of a sulfonylurea?

Glyburide

A patient is taking chlorpropamide. The nurse warns the patient about the possibility of hypoglycemia within approximately which time frame after taking the drug?

3 to 4 hours

A nurse is assigned to administer glargine to a patient at a health care facility. What precaution should the nurse take when administering glargine?

Avoid mixing glargine with other insulin.

When reviewing sites for insulin administration with a client, which site, if stated by the client as an appropriate site, indicates the need for additional teaching?

Buttocks

The nurse is aware that premixed insulins (those that contain both regular and NPH insulin) are least effective in what type of client?

Client who has difficulty controlling his diabetes Premixed insulins are least effective for clients who have difficulty controlling their diabetes, because it is difficult to individualize the dosages of each type of insulin.

Insulin binds with and activates receptors on cell membranes. Once insulin-receptor binding occurs, the membranes become highly permeable to glucose. Which of the following actions does this enable?

Entry of glucose into the cells

The nurse is interviewing a client who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes about four months ago. The client never records glucometer readings but says that everything is just fine. What laboratory test does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will order for this client?

HbA1c The nurse anticipates that the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) will be ordered for this client because it provides an average of the client's blood glucose level for the last three- to four-month period. It will also tell how well controlled the client's blood glucose is. A stat urine for glucose and an FBG in the AM will only indicate the client's current blood glucose level, not how well it is being controlled. An insulin level will not give the information needed to understand the client's control of blood glucose.

When administering insulin, which of the following would be most appropriate?

Insert the needle at a 45-degree angle for injection.

A nurse at a health care facility is assigned to administer insulin to the patient. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform before administering each insulin dose?

Inspect the previous injection site for inflammation.

Which of the following is an example of rapid acting insulin?

Insulin lispro (Humalog)

Which of the following would be appropriate to include in teaching your client with type 2 diabetes?

It is possible with weight loss and exercise to discontinue the use of antidiabetic medication.

After teaching a class about the various drugs used to control blood glucose, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which of the following as a biguanide?

Metformin

A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is receiving an oral antidiabetic drug. Which of following ongoing assessments should the nurse perform when caring for this patient?

Observe the patient for hypoglycemic episodes.

Glycosylated hemoglobin levels provide reliable evidence of blood glucose control.

True

Regular insulin may be administered intravenously or intramuscularly in an emergency situation.

True

Amylin is a peptide hormone secreted with insulin by the beta cells of the pancreas and is important in the regulation of glucose control during the postprandial period. True or false?

True Pramlintide (Symlin) is a synthetic analog of amylin, a peptide hormone secreted with insulin by the beta cells of the pancreas, important in the regulation of glucose control during the postprandial period.