PHIL001 Chapter 1

The fallacy of rejecting a statement on the grounds that it comes from a particular person is known as _____.

appeal to the person

The fallacy of misrepresenting a person's views so they can be more easily attacked or dismissed is called the _____.

straw man fallacy

The renowned philosopher who lived and worked in the Greek city of Alexandria in the fifth century was _____.

Hypatia

The systematic use of critical reasoning to try to find answers to fundamental questions about reality, morality, and knowledge is called _____.

the philosophical method

The fallacy of arguing that a claim must be true simply because many people believe it is known as _____.

the appeal to popularity

_____ is the fallacy of arguing erroneously that since there are only two alternatives to choose from, and one of them is unacceptable, the other one must be true.

False dilemma

In the type of fallacy known as _____, we argue that a particular actions should not be taken because it will lead inevitably to other actions resulting in some dire outcome.

slippery slope

A(n) _____ is an assertion that something is or is not the case and is therefore the kind of utterance that is either true or false.

statement

A question-and-answer dialogue in which propositions are methodically scrutinized to uncover the truth is known as _____.

the Socratic method

For Socrates, an unexamined life is a tragedy because it results in grievous harm to _____.

the soul

A good argument must have (1) solid logic and (2) _____.

true premises

For Socrates the good of the soul is attained only through an uncompromising search for _____.

what's true and real

A group of statements in which one of them is meant to be supported by the others is _____.

an argument

Philosophers provide reasons for thinking their ideas are plausible — that is, they give us _____.

arguments

Words such as consequently, therefore, and as a result are _____.

conclusion indicator words

Arguments intended to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true are _____.

deductive

The fallacy of _____ is arguing erroneously that what can be said of the whole can be said of the parts.

division

Questions like "What is knowledge?" and "What is truth?" are mainstays in the branch of philosophy known as _____.

epistemology

The four main divisions of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and _____.

logic

The denial of a conditional claim's consequent results in the denial of the antecedent. This kind of argument is known as _____.

modus tollens