Photosynthesis

Picture of the Calvin Cycle uses the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to sugar

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Photosynthesis

...Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food

The chemical equation for photosynthesis.

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and water for the production of sugar and oxygen.

Thylakoids

A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy to chemical energy.

Chlorophyll

A green pigment located in membranes within the chloroplasts of plants and algae. Chlorophyll a participates directly in the light reactions, which convert solar energy to chemical energy.

The two molecules are produced by the light reactions and used to power the Calvin cycle.

ATP and NADPH ATP and NADPH are both products of the light reactions and are used to power the Calvin cycle.

The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

ATP and NADPH.

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? a) Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic. b) Only heterotrophs require oxygen. c) Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs.

Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.

Light dependent

Reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH.

Provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugar molecules in the Calvin cycle. .

Carbon dioxide (CO2) Carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis.

Where does photosynthesis take place?

Chloroplast Chloroplasts use energy from light to transform carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen.

Guard cells

Guard cells change shape to open or close the stoma

Provides electrons for the light reactions

H2O Electrons are stripped from water in the light reactions of photosynthesis. Light provides the energy to excite electrons.

Transports electrons from the light reactions to the Calvin cycle.

NADPH NADPH is an electron carrier that picks up electrons in the light reactions and releases them in the Calvin cycle. An electron transport chain conveys electrons from one photosystem to the other within the light reactions.

Where does the Calvin Cycle takes place.

The Calvin cycle is a complex series of chemical reactions carried out in the stroma.

Photosynthesis

The conversion of light energy to chemical energy that is stored in glucose or other organic compounds; occurs in plants, algae, and certain prokaryotes.

Light Reactions

The first of two major stages in photosynthesis (preceding the Calvin cycle). These reactions, which occur on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast and convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH, releasing oxygen in the process.

Stroma

The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.

Calvin cycle/Dark Reaction/Light Independent

The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions).

Chloroplasts

absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.

Stomata

pores on the leaf where O2 exits and CO2 enters

Which of the following DOES NOT occur during the Calvin cycle? a) release of oxygen b) generation of the CO2 acceptor c) oxidation of NADPH d) consumption of ATP

release of oxygen