PHR 913 Block 4
what is the optimal dosing regimen for a self-care medication for insomnia?
2-3 nights on, 1 night off for up to 7-10 days
a typical treatment time for resolution of most fungal skin infections should be expected to take: 3-5 days 7-10 days 2-4 weeks 2-4 months
2-4 weeks
which of the following patients would be a candidate for self-treatment of tooth sensitivity? - 9 year old male with 2 day history of dull, throbbing pain throughout the day - 44 year old female with complaints of sensitivity and bleeding when brushing teeth for the last 4 days - 72 year old male with denture associated pain in the upper, left side of his mouth for the past week - 21 year old female with intermittent quick, stabbing, sharp pain in the back, right bottom tooth when eating hot or cold foods for the last 3 days
21 year old female with intermittent quick, stabbing, sharp pain in the back, right bottom tooth when eating hot or cold foods for the last 3 days
which of the following patients would not be a candidate for over the counter therapy with a topical imidazole? - 40 year old female who has had a previous yeast infection diagnosed by a doctor 6 months ago - 33 year old female who tends to predictably get yeast infections a couple of times a year after finishing a course of antibiotics - 36 year old female currently breastfeeding her 9 month old son - 26 year old female who had a kidney transplant 6 months ago and is now taking immunosuppressant medications
26 year old female who had a kidney transplant 6 months ago and is now taking immunosuppressant medications
which patient would be eligible for self-treatment of intestinal gas? - 24-year old with persistent abdominal discomfort and blood in stool - 30-year old female with occasional gas and recent unintended weight loss - 35-year old with intestinal gas occurring about once per month - 60-year old male with new onset intestinal gas symptoms
35-year old with intestinal gas occurring about once per month
what is the maximum daily dose of acetaminophen for a patient taking Tylenol Arthritis™ (Acetaminophen 650 mg capsules)?
3900 mg
which of the following would qualify for self-treatment of a minor burn or wound? - 18 YOM with a very painful, blistering sunburn on his face after visiting a tanning bed - 7 YOF who gets bitten by a stray dog during recess at school - 69 YOM who steps on a nail when replacing the shingles on his house - 43 YOF who cuts her hand (limited to the epidermis) in preparing dinner
43 YOF who cuts her hand (limited to the epidermis) in preparing dinner
which patient would be a candidate for self-treatment of diaper dermatitis? - 3 month old who presents with dermatitis that has spread past the diaper region - 7 month old with areas of broken skin due to incessant scratching - 4 month old who has developed lesions with pus - 5 month old who has reddened purple lesions present - 6 month old who presents with diaper dermatitis and has been experiencing fever and diarrhea
5 month old who has reddened purple lesions present
which of the following patients is a candidate for self-treatment of dry eye? - 18 year old female who wears contacts - 55 year old male who is experiencing associated eye pain - 25 year old male who is experiencing symptoms after self-treating for 3 days - 50 year old female who is complaining of a sandy-gritty feeling of something in her eye
50 year old female who is complaining of a sandy-gritty feeling of something in her eye
the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that human milk be used as the SOLE source of nutrition for infants during the first _______ of life.
6 months
follow-up for nonallergic reactions to insect bites that worsen or fail to improve with self-treatment should occur within how many days?
7 days
if a patient decided to use only Icy-Hot® (Methyl Salicylate) to treat a sprained ankle, when should the patient contact their physician if the ankle pain does not improve?
7 days
which of the following ages of patients should not be treated for insomnia? - 17 years - 55 years - 30 years - 9 years
9 years
a child at or above what percentile is classified as obese?
95th
the first-line treatment for primary dysmenorrhea is:
NSAIDs
which of the following individuals has clinical presentation most suggestive of primary dysmenorrhea? - a 23 year old with complaints of abdominal cramping a week prior to menses and inter-menstrual bleeding. - a 17 year old with complaints of bloating and back pain at onset of menses that persists for 3 days. - a 48 year old with complaints of sporadic menses with heavy flow and abdominal cramping. - a16 year old with complaints of sudden onset of menorrhagia and abdominal cramping that persists for up to 7 days.
a 17 year old with complaints of bloating and back pain at onset of menses that persists for 3 days.
which of the following would warrant a medical referral? - a 5 year old patient - a patient with small, pin-point bleeding when removing scales - a patient with yellow, greasy lesions around nasolabial folds - a patient asking for another treatment option after experiencing no improvement from what you gave her 2 weeks ago
a patient asking for another treatment option after experiencing no improvement from what you gave her 2 weeks ago
individuals who use of this nonprescription acne product may notice worsening of their acne in the first few weeks because the product does not help reduce visible lesions:
adapalene (differin gel)
the key non-drug measure for allergic rhinitis is:
allergen avoidance
which of the following patients is NOT at increased risk for sunburn? - an individual working in an office from 8am-4pm throughout the week - patient with a family history of melanoma - an individual working construction on the roadways - patient taking doxycycline (a tetracycline) for a possible respiratory infection
an individual working in an office from 8am-4pm throughout the week
which of the following medical disorders is most associated with insomnia?
anxiety
an appropriate non-pharmacologic treatment for primary dysmenorrhea is: - avoid using tampons during the first 2 days of menses - place a cool washcloth on your head and the back of your neck - apply topical heat to the abdomen, back or area of pain - avoid red meat at least one week prior to menses
apply topical heat to the abdomen, back or area of pain
_____________ is the safest and most effective OTC treatment for allergic conjunctivitis (AC). Hint: think non-pharmacological.
artificial tears
which of the following conditions is an exclusion for self-treatment of a musculoskeletal injury? - osteoarthritis - myalgia - back pain - tendonitis
back pain
which of the following agents is not an OTC antipyretic used to treat fevers? - benzocaine - acetaminophen - naproxen - ibuprofen
benzocaine
which antifungal agent has potential to cure tinea pedis with one week of use? - tolnaftate - clotrimazole - butenafine - aluminum chloride
butenafine
which of the following drugs can worsen or cause insomnia?
caffeine
what organism most commonly causes vulvovaginal candidiasis?
candida albicans
which H2RA should be avoided in the elderly due to side effects and drug interactions?
cimetidine
an important counseling point for the self treatment of dry eye using drops includes:
close eyes gently for 3 minutes after instilling the drop & position head downward
which of the following is a non pharmacological therapeutic recommendation one should NOT give to help prevent and/or treat migraine headaches? - maintain a regular sleep schedule. - avoid situations (eg, missing meals) or substances (eg, caffeine) known to trigger migraines. - consume 1 alcoholic beverage (eg, red wine) per day. - apply a cold pack with pressure to the forehead or temples.
consume 1 alcoholic beverage (eg, red wine) per day.
per the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) 2015 practice guidelines, which of the following is the MOST effective form of EC?
copper IUD
which of the following would you choose to recommend for a patient with a burn with broken skin?
cream
in addition to decreased frequency of bowel movements, this characteristic defines constipation:
difficulty passing hard, dry stools
which of the following is NOT an appropriate nonprescription drug option for tension-type headaches? - naproxen - acetaminophen - aspirin - diphenhydramine
diphenhydramine
which of the following is the best product recommendation to treat insomnia over-the-counter (OTC)?
diphenhydramine 25 mg, take 2 tablets by mouth 30 minutes before bedtime
general cleaning procedures for contact lenses include: - don't mix cleaning solutions from different manufacturers - when cleaning, use a no rub solution to avoid touching the lens - homemade cleansers tailored to the contact type and personal allergies are the safest to use - cleanse lenses monthly with an enzymatic cleaner
don't mix cleaning solutions from different manufacturers
which of the following is an exclusion criteria for self-treatment of heartburn? - unexplained weight gain - adults < 25 years old with new-onset dyspepsia - heartburn occurring after consuming spicy foods - dysphagia
dysphagia
which of the following is a nonpharmacologic recommendation to manage or prevent heartburn? - eat smaller meals - eeplace coffee with a carbonated beverage - eat within 3 hours of going to bed - increase intake of dietary fat
eat smaller meals
all of the following measurements are commonly charted to measure a child's growth EXCEPT? - elbow to wrist length - weight - length/height - head circumference
elbow to wrist length
a patient with the common cold should use all of the following non drug measures except: - rest - adequate fluid intake - exercise - humidification
exercise
constipation is clinically defined as:
failure to have at least 3 bowel movements a week
typical symptoms associated with primary dysmenorrhea include all of the following EXCEPT: - abdominal cramps - low back pain - fever - fatigue
fever
all of the following antifungals have nonprescription vaginal preparations EXCEPT: - ticonzole - clotrimazole - miconazole - fluconazole
fluconazole
when should a simethicone product be used?
for immediate relief of gas symptoms
all of the following are considered antitussives except: - guaifenesin - dextromethorphan - diphenhydramine - codeine
guaifenesin
which of the following is true regarding lice infestation? - lice infestations primarily affect disadvantaged populations - lice are most commonly spread by sharing of personal items (caps, brushes, etc) - head lice are the most common cause of lice infestation - lice can typically survive up to 1 week when not in contact with a host
head lice are the most common cause of lice infestation
reducing consumption of this type of food(s) in the diet may help reduce acne breakouts or severity:
high glycemic index foods
warts are caused by:
human papillomavirus (HPV)
which of the following is the best option to treat inflammation associated with seborheic dermatitis and psoriasis? - acetaminophen - hydrocortisone - zinc Oxide - salicylic Acid - ketoconazole
hydrocortisone
which of the following is NOT a risk factor for vulvovaginal candidiasis? - pregnancy - hypertension - immunocompromised state - systemic antibiotic use
hypertension
which of the following is an appropriate non-pharmacologic measure to recommend for diaper dermatitis? - clean the diaper area every hour with antibacterial soap and water - increase amount of time the affected area is exposed to air - use baby wipes that contain alcohol to clean/dry out the area - use cloth diapers instead of disposable diapers - decrease the number of diaper changes
increase amount of time the affected area is exposed to air
initial lifestyle recommendations for help relieve constipation include all of the following EXCEPT: - eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grain foods - increasing fiber intake to the recommended amount over 2-3 days - attempting a bowel movement first thing in the morning upon waking - assuring a fluid intake of at least 2 liters per day
increasing fiber intake to the recommended amount over 2-3 days
what are the three overlapping phases of wound healing in the correct order:
inflammation -> proliferation -> maturation (remodeling)
which of the following is NOT an important counseling point for a patient using a medicated shampoo to treat dandruff? - initially only use medicated shampoo once weekly to avoid skin irritation - if using a product with selenium sulfide, ensure to rinse thoroughly because discoloration can occur - patient should rinse their hair at least twice after using a medicated shampoo - patient should massage shampoo into scalp and leave on hair for 3-5 minutes
initially only use medicated shampoo once weekly to avoid skin irritation
which of the following would require medical referral for allergic contact dermatitis? - weeping blisters - dermatitis has been present for a few days - involvement inside the mouth and nose - involvement of ~10% body area - a 3 year old patient
involvement inside the mouth & nose
a whole cow milk-based diet has been associated with _________ in infants young than 1 year.
iron deficiency anemia
which of the following is NOT a potential nonprescription analgesic treatment option for pain related to a minor burn? - isopropyl alcohol - ibuprofen - naproxen - aspirin
isopropyl alcohol
pharmacologic treatment for swimmer's ear?
isopropyl alcohol 95% in anhydrous glycerin
which of the following is true about fever? - not treating a fever is considered inappropriate care. - adequate fluid intake is a key non-drug measure to prevent dehydration. - it is usually self-limiting AND adequate fluid intake is a key non-drug measure to prevent dehydration. - it is usually self-limiting.
it is usually self-limiting AND adequate fluid intake is a key non-drug measure to prevent dehydration.
the hallmark symptom of allergic conjunctivitis is:
itching
which of the following is not an exclusion for self-care of contact lenses? - suspected vision change since last eye exam - itching of the eye - aching of the eye - last eye exam > 1 year ago - scratched hard lense
itching of the eye
acne vulgaris is commonly found in the all of following body locations EXCEPT: - legs - chest - face - back
legs
which of the following is an exclusion criterion for the self-treatment of insect stings? - less than 6 months of age - first-time exposure to a honeybee sting - burning and pain at the site of sting - presentation with concomitant chigger bites
less than 6 months of age
which of the following is a common cause of scaly dermatoses? - streptococcus - staphylococcus - malassezia - candida - pseudomonas
malassezia
intranasal cromolyn sodium is classified as a(n):
mast cell stabilizer
scabies is a skin infection caused by infestation of which of the following insects?
mites
which of the following musculoskeletal injuries is best defined as an injury of the muscle? - myalgia - strain - osteoarthritis - sparins
myalgia
MT is a 16 YO healthy female who started her menstrual cycle 1.5 years ago. She presents with her mother complaining of symptoms consistent with primary dysmenorrhea. She has tried Ibuprofen 400mg every 4-6 hours with no relief. What is the most appropriate next step treatment recommendation for MT?
naproxen 220 mg every 8-12 hours
decongestants help relieve which of the following symptoms associated with the common cold?
nasal congestion
as defined, in intermittent allergic rhinitis, symptoms: - occur 4 days/week or less OR for 4 weeks or less - are troublesome - are not troublesome - occur >4 days/week AND > 4 weeks
occur 4 days/week or less OR for 4 weeks or less
which of the following is/are barrier(s) to obtaining oral emergency contraception (EC)? - cost - difficulty obtaining EC within designated timeframe - need for pregnancy test - all of the above
only cost & difficulty obtaining EC within designated time frame
these medications greatly increase risk of constipation:
opioid analgesics
what is the preferred self-treatment for mild-moderate diarrhea?
oral rehydration solution
which of the following is NOT true regarding warts? - patients should not share socks or shoes because warts can spread - patients should keep their warts uncovered and exposed to air as much as possible - patients with uncomfortable plantar warts can use padding; such as wool or moleskin - covering the wart with duct-tape can be used as add-on treatment
patients should keep their warts uncovered and exposed to air as much as possible
which of the following is an exclusion criteria for self-treatment of warts? - patients who have poorly controlled chronic diabetes - patients who are < 12 years of age - patients presenting with plantar warts - patient who previously self-treated a wart
patients who have poorly controlled chronic diabetes
which of the following pharmacologic therapies has the greatest concern for treatment resistance when treating pediculosis?
permethrin
this nonprescription treatment product for constipation is not absorbed from the GI tract and has no clinically significant drug interactions:
polyethylene glycol (hyper-osmotic laxative)
headaches are generally classified as:
primary or secondary
what is the most common symptom a patient with a cutaneous fungal infection experiences? - fever - hyperhidrosis - odor - pruritus
pruritus (itching)
which of the following sites is considered the gold standard in obtaining the core body temperature of an adult?
rectal
hallmark characteristics of warts include:
rough cauliflower-like lesions
which of the following inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes (primarily through peripheral inhibition)? - NSAIDs - acetaminophen - salicylates - ibuprofen
salicylates
this nonprescription medication product (for acne) should be avoided in children and teenagers who have flu-like symptoms due to risk of Reye's Syndrome:
salicylic acid
which of the following is NOT a common symptom of impacted cerumen? - sharp, pulsing pain - hearing loss/impairment - ringing sound in ear - feeling of fullness in ear
sharp, pulsing pain
a patient is seeking a nonprescription recommendation to treat his cough. which of the following accompanying presentations or situations exclude this patient for self-treatment? - rhinorrhea - cough has been present for 2 days - also taking acetaminophen - shortness of breath
shortness of breath
which of the following is an appropriate nonprescription medication to recommend for diaper dermatitis? - topical antihistamine (Benadryl: diphenhydramine) - topical Anesthetic (benzocaine) - topical antibiotic (Neosporin) - skin protectant (Zinc Oxide)
skin protectant (zinc oxide)
shampoos containing this ingredient should be avoided in patients with dermatitis - selenium sulfide - sodium lauryl sulfate - pyrithione zinc - ketoconazole
sodium lauryl sulfate
the most common headache types are:
tension type & migraine
in a fever: - the body temperature is > the normal core temp. of about 94°F. - the body temperature is = 106°F. - the hypothalamus is not working. - the body temperature is > the normal core temp. of about 100°F.
the body temperature is > the normal core temp. of about 100°F.
which of the following is an appropriate counseling point for capsaicin? - capsaicin is contraindicated in patients diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus - the frequency of administration should be every 4 - 6 hours - capsaicin can only be applied for up to 3 days - capsaicin should be used as needed
the frequency of administration should be every 4 - 6 hours
which of the following is most associated with the common cold? - bacterial infection - productive cough on day 1 - the lower respiratory tract - the rhinovirus
the rhinovirus
a patient with the following fungal skin infection should be referred to a primary care provider for treatment: - tinea unguium (nail) - tinea cruris (groin) - tinea pedis (foot) - tinea corporis (body
tinea unguium (nail)
which of the following is an appropriate nonprescription recommendation for allergic contact dermatitis? - topical anti-fungal - topical antibiotic - topical anti-histamine - topical anesthetic - topical steroid
topical steroid (hydrocortisone)
t/f: fever is a sign of an underlying process
true
which of the following is an appropriate recommendation for the treatment of dry eye? - position work positions near heating and air conditioning units - apply a cold compress to affected eye - use humidifiers when possible - increase anti-histamine use
use humidifiers when possible
which of the following can lead to increased risk of impaction of cerumen? - rinsing of ear(s) with a bulb syringe - use of softening medication products in the ears - use of a handheld hair dryer for the ears - use of cotton swab to clean ears
use of cotton swab to clean ears
an astringent may be used to treat tinea pedis prior to an anti-fungal product in the following situation: - weeping lesions are present - significant itching is present - scaling is present - nail involvement is present
weeping lesions are present
which describes the vaginal discharge consistent in vulvovaginal candidiasis?
white, thick, "cottage cheese" like
which of the following is an appropriate counseling point for cryotherapy? - do not apply cryotherapy directly to the wart itself. apply to the surrounding areas - you may use a file to lightly remove the surface of your plantar wart while using cryotherapy - save the applicator to use for subsequent treatments you may need, as many warts do not resolve after first treatment - self-treatment should not continue beyond a maximum of 8 treatments
you may use a file to lightly remove the surface of your plantar wart while using cryotherapy
