PHYC chapter 8

From a cognitive psychology perspective, why is getting plenty of sleep the night before an exam important?

It allows for consolidation of studied material in longterm memory.

If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?

amygdala

Short term memory last about __ to __ seconds

15-30 seconds

Ebbinghaus found that about one day after you learn new material, you will only remember ____ percent of it if you have not reviewed it a second time.

30%

Recent research conducted by Cowan (2010) has found that the capacity of working memory is this many units of information.

4 plus or minus 1

The three processes used to form memory are ___, ____, and ____.

encode, store, retrieve

This memory related to words/concepts/language.

semantic memory

How is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?

Explicit memories are memories we consciously try to remember and recall, while implicit memories are those that are not part of our consciousness.

This type of memory relates to information about events we have personally experienced.

episodic memory

I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. Because I am actively and consciously remembering and recalling this information, it is considered ________ memory.

explicit

The type of memories do we consciously try to remember, recall, and report?

explicit

This area of the brain is associated with normal recognition/spatial/new memories.

hippocampus

Unconscious memories are known as _____ memories.

implicit

The set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time.

memory

When you take a multiplechoice test, you are relying on ________, because you are comparing the information in front of you to that which is already stored in your long-term memory

recognition

In order to remember his lines for the play, Guy repeats his lines over and over again. This process is called ________.

rehearsal

Kenethia enjoys knitting. When she begins college, she has less time for knitting and finally stops altogether. After graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices with her needles until she is good at it again. This is an example of ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system.

relearning

This is the act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness.

retrieval

Elaine wakes up in the hospital with a head injury. She gets to know her doctors and nurses over time, but it soon becomes clear that she has no memories from before she woke up in the hospital. Elaine has ________ amnesia.

retrograde

Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells "the man with the blue shirt did it." Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in flowered dress. This is an example of ________, or the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories.

suggestibility