Physical Science

One liter of water has a mass of

1 Kg

What is the approximate mass of a 1-square centimeter column of air that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?

1 Kg

What is the buoyant force acting on a 10-ton ship floating in a fresh-water lake

10 Tons

Which of these has the greatest density

100 kg of gold

What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship?

100 tons

It would be easier to pull evacuated Magdeburg hemispheres apart if they were

2 km above the ocean surface

A volume of helium gas has a temperature of 0°C. The same gas twice as hot has a temperature of

273°C.

Increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1°C requires

50 calories

Objects that are good radiators generally

Absorb radiation relatively well

When ice changes phase to become water, energy is

Absorbed

The pupil of your eye is a net

Absorber of radiant energy

When a liquid changes phase to a gas, it

Absorbs energy

Pour a liter of 40°C water at into a liter of 20°C water and the final temperature of the two liters becomes

At or about 30°C.

A swimmer cannot snorkel more than a meter deep because air

At the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs.

Substances are composed of tiny particles. Temperature is related mostly to the particlesʹ

Average translational kinetic energy

If the volume of an object were to double with no change in mass, its density would

Be Half

As entropy in a system increases, energy within the system

Becomes less ordered

As a helium- filled balloon rises in the air, it becomes

Bigger

Cold water will warm to room temperature faster in a

Black Pot

Heat energy is measured in units of

Both joules and calories

Water pressure is greatest against the

Bottom of a submerged object

If the part of an iceberg that extends above the water were suddenly removed, the

Buoyant force on the iceberg would soon decrease.

On which temperature scale is 0 degrees the freezing point of water?

Celsius

An empty jar is pushed open side downward into water so that air trapped inside canʹt escape. As it is pushed deeper, the buoyant force on the jar

Decreases

As a swimmer dives deeper and deeper, strictly speaking, the volume of water displaced by the swimmer actually

Decreases

If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a thermometer would rise when the temperature

Decreases

The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid

Depth and Density

Suppose water from a tall tower supplies a nearby home. If water faucets upstairs and downstairs are turned fully on, will more water per second flow from the downstairs or the upstairs faucet? Or will water flow in each be the same?

Downstairs

Consider a sample of water at 20°C. If the temperature is slightly increased, the water

Expands

If the temperature of a sample of 0°C water slightly increases, the sample of water

Expands

If the temperature of a sample of 4°C water slightly decreases, the sample of water

Expands

Blood Pressure is normally greater in your

Feet

Which law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the conservation of energy as it applies to thermal systems?

First Law

The process of convection occurs in

Fluids

Very importantly, a hydraulic press can multiply

Forces

When you touch a hot penny in sunlight with your finger, energy flows

From the penny to your finger

Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. Compared with the density of seawater, the density of a lobster is

Greater

If the same quantity of heat is added to both a 2-liter and a 4-liter container of water, the temperature change for water in the 4-liter container will be

Half that of the 2-liter container

Heat is thermal energy that flows from

High energy to low energy

A barometer can be made with water. Compared with a mercury barometer, the column height for a water barometer would be

Higher

When a boat sails from fresh water to salt water, the boat will float

Higher in the water

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

Higher temperature but less thermal energy

Suppose you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an egg beater. The temperature of the eggs will

Increase

Because a refrigerator operates with some kind of motor, leaving the refrigerator door open in a closed room on a hot day

Increase room temperature

Your toes feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug

Is a better insulator than tile

When a gas container explains to twice its volume, its density

Is half

In a vacuum, a marshmallow becomes

Larger

A block of styrofoam floats on water while a same size block of lead lies submerged in the water. The buoyant force is greatest on the

Lead

A lobster crawls onto a bathroom scale submerged on the ocean bottom. Compared to its weight above the surface, its apparent weight under water is

Less

Pumice is a volcanic rock that floats. Compared with the density of water, its density is

Less

A liter-sized block of ordinary wood floats in water. The volume of water displaced is

Less than 1 L

If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, its temperature would be

Less than its surroundings

Metals are both good heat and electrical conductors due to

Looseness of outer electronic in metal atoms

Whether one object is warmer than another object has most to do with

Molecular Kinetic Energy

Compared to the density of a kilogram of feather, the density of a kilogram of lead is

More

When water in a brook or a system of pipes flows from a wide region to a narrow region, the speed of water in the narrow region is

More

More disorder means

More entropy

The overflow spillage of gasoline from a carʹs full tank on a hot day is evidence that gasoline expands

More than the tank metal

A common 5-L metal can will float in air if it is

Nonsense! Unless the can and displaced air weigh the same, the can can't float in air

The open spaces in the crystal lattice of ice contain

Nothing

Which is the smallest unit of measurement for temperature?

One Fahrenheit degree

If on caisson of the Falkirk wheel carries a boat loaded with styrofoam and the other carries a floating boat loaded with iron, the wheel would be

Out of balance

The buoyant force on an object is less when the object is

Partially submerged

A good reflector of radiation is a

Poor absorber of radiation

A good heat conductor is a

Poor insulator

When you stand on tiptoes on a bathroom scale, there is an increase in

Pressure on the scale not registered as weight

Buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object because

Pressure up on bottom is greater than downward pressure on the top of the object

When a suction cup sticks to a wall it is

Pushed to the wall by the atmosphere

The silver coating on the glass surfaces of a Thermos bottle reduces energy that is transferred by

Radiation

An researcher discovers a harmless and tasteless salt, which, when added to water changes its boiling point. The market value for this salt will be best if the salt

Raise the boiling point of water

When an ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level

Remains the same

A boat loaded with wood floats in a swimming pool. When the wood is thrown overboard, the pool level

Remains unchanged

Two life preservers have identical volumes, one filled with styrofoam and the other filled with sand. When both preservers are fully submerged, the buoyant force is greater on the one filled with

Same on each if volumes remain the same

Two life preservers have identical volumes, one filled with Styrofoam and the other filled with sand. When each is worn by swimmers, one swimmer floats and the other sinks. Interestingly, the buoyant force is actually greater on the life preserver that

Sinks

Strictly speaking, gas pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is

Slightly greater than air pressure outside the balloon

A good insulator

Slows heat transfer

Ice tends to form at the

Surface of bodies of water

An is egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water and the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, we conclude that

The density of salt water exceeds the density of the egg

The white-hot sparks from a fireworks sparkler that strike your skin donʹt cause injury because

The energy per molecule is high, but total energy transferred is small

A piece of iron and a cup of water both have the same temperature. If they are heated so the thermal energy of each doubles

The iron will have the higher temperature

If a pressure of 20 kPa is applied to one piston in a simple hydraulic device, the pressure on a piston of larger area will be

The same 20 kPa

Does a 3-meter deep lake or a 6-meter deep small pond exert more pressure on a dam?

The six-meter deep small pond

Heat is simply another word for

Thermal energy that flows from hot to cold

When you place a sealed can of air on a hot stove burner, the can undergoes an increase in

Thermal energy, temperature and pressure

The fact that a thermometer ʺtakes its own temperatureʺ illustrates

Thermal equilibrium

Two cans are placed apart on straws. When air is blown in-between the cans, what will they do?

They will move toward each other

Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-section area of the other. Mercury in the wider tube will rise

To the same height as in the narrow tube

The motion of molecules that most affects temperature is

Translational Motion

When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is

Unchanged

A change in pressure at any point in a confined fluid at rest is transmitted

Undiminished to all points in the fluid

Convection currents in the air near a seashore are produced by

Unequal heating of land and water.

Water at 4°C will expand when it is slightly

Warmed and Cooled

The density of a submarine cruising beneath the ocean surface has same density as

Water

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst because

Water expands when freezing

Atmospheric pressure is caused by the

Weight of Earth's atmosphere

A rising balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the

Weight of air it displaces

A metal ring with a gap in it is shaped like the letter C. When heated, the gap becomes

Wider

Is there a buoyant force acting on your classmates at this moment? Defend your answer.

Yes, but it is insignificant compared with their weights

The thermal energy in a substance is related mostly to the

average translational kinetic energy of particles. total kinetic energy of particles. average potential energy of particles. movement of energy from particle to particle. NONE OF THE ABOVE *

Which of the following expands most when the temperature is lowered? Equal volumes of

water at 4°C.