Physics 3 (Test 2 Review)

In this device a charge travels in which direction?

"uphill," from lower to higher potential energy, even though the electrostatic force is trying to push it from higher to lower potential energy.

terminals

A terminal is the point at which a conductor from an electrical component, device or network comes to an end and provides a point of connection to external circuits

voltage

Difference in the electric potential between two points in space voltage is what pushes electrons through a circuit difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQVgAVVXe6o the link is a mathematical description

parallel

The resistors in Fig. 26.1b are said to be connected in parallel between points a and b. Each resistor provides an alternative path between the points. For circuit elements that are connected in parallel, the potential difference is the same across each element. We studied capacitors in parallel in Section 24.2.

series

When several circuit elements such as resistors, batteries, and motors are connected in sequence as in Fig. 26.1a, with only a single current path between the points, we say that they are connected in series.

electrical resistance

a material's opposition to the flow of electric current; measured in ohms.

resistance

a material's opposition to the flow of electric current; measured in ohms. measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current

magnet

a piece of iron (or an ore, alloy, or other material) that has its component atoms so ordered that the material exhibits properties of magnetism, such as attracting other iron-containing objects or aligning itself in an external magnetic field. any material or object that produces a magnetic field a body, as a piece of iron or steel, that possesses the property of attracting certain substances, as iron

magnetic field

a region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts. a region of space near a magnet, electric current, or moving charged particle in which a magnetic force acts on any other magnet, electric current, or moving charged particle. regions around a magnet where the force of magnetism acts.

Electric potential

amount of work needed to move a unit charge from a reference point to a specific point against an electric field \ reference point-point in space, regardless of the type of geometry that you are using, that stays still and does not move unit charge- charge of one coulomb unit charge or a charge is a electric charge

resistor

are two-terminal electrical components that are used to create a specific amount of resistance in an electrical circuit. electronic component that is designed to offer a desired amount of resistance to the flow of current

When was Magnetic phenomena first observed ?

at least 2500 years ago in fragments of magnetized iron ore found near the ancient city of Magnesia (now Manisa, in western Turkey).

magnetic force

created when magnetic fields of two magnets interact so the magnetic force occurs between magnets

In an electric circuit there must be have what kind of device?

device somewhere in the loop that acts like the water pump in a water fountain (Fig. 25.12). water pump- a device use to circulate water and filter it circular move continuously through a closed system water pumps-fountain - a source of water and it pushes the water upward through the fountain or sprinkler and sustains water coming out of the sprinkler for a long period of time continuosly not the water pump in a engine to keep the engine cool-coolants

How to identify which resistors are in series or parallels! Look at if the nodes are the same

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2-4cp0EFQg

Finding equivalent resistance example 26.1 help! tutorial youtube link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOJn1C125JI

What are magnets made out of?

iron, aluminum, nickel, and cobalt and more elements like that. Magnets are not just made out of iron but they are a mixture of elements

Current

is any motion of charge from one region to another.

electric current

is defined as the rate of flow of negative charges of the conductor. the continuous flow of electrons in an electric circuit is called an electric current a movement of positive or negative electric particles (such as electrons) accompanied by such observable effects as the production of heat, of a magnetic field, or of chemical transformations. movement of charged particles over a region or through a circuit

electromotive force ( not an actual force despite it's name) (its energy or potential energy)

is the electrical action produced by a non-electrical source.[2] A device that converts other forms of energy into electrical energy (a "transducer"),[3] such as a battery (converting chemical energy) or generator (converting mechanical energy),[2] provides an emf as its output. battery is an electrical source but using the chemical energy inside of batteries isnt a electrical source but can be used to create electricty a difference in potential that tends to give rise to an electric current. the energy available for conversion from nonelectric to electric form, or vice versa, per unit of charge passing through the source of the energy; the potential difference between the terminals of a source of electrical energy: expressed in volts difference in the electric tension or the difference in charge between two points that causes an electric current the force of an electric current produced by any device that supplies electrical energy voltage developed by any source of electrical energy such as a battery

We define the resistivity of a material as the ratio of the magnitudes of electric field and current density:

look at formula on page 823

alloy

mixture of two or more metals

electrical circuit

path between two or more points along which an electrical current can be carried.

How is electromotive force created??

refers to the voltage created by a battery or by a changing magnetic field

current density

the amount of electric current flowing per unit cross-sectional area of a material the current per unit area of cross section perpendicular to flow in a region through which an electric current is flowing. the ratio of the electric current flowing at a particular point in a conductor to the cross-sectional area of the conductor taken perpendicular to the current flow at that point.

internal resistance

the resistance within a battery, or other voltage source, that causes a drop in the source voltage when there is a current refers to the opposition to the flow of current offered by the cells and batteries themselves resulting in the generation of heat.

electric charge

what state a particle is in or transfer of electrons from one material to another property of a particle positive or negative excess or deficiency of electrons