Physics Final 1 Review
Which are simultaneous equal but opposite forces resulting from the interaction of two objects? a. net external forces b. field forces c. gravitational forces d. action-reaction pairs
d. action-reaction pairs
Which of the following does not affect gravitational potential energy? a. an object's mass b. an object's height relative to a zero level c. the free-fall acceleration d. an object's speed
d. an object's speed
Which of the following quantities used to describe motion is an example of vector quantity? a. distance b. speed c. time d. average velocity
d. average velocity
What causes a moving object to change direction? a. acceleration b. velocity c. inertia d. force
d. force
A measure of the quantity of matter is: a. density b. weight c. force d. mass
d. mass
What are the units of the coefficient of friction? a. N b. 1/N c. N^2 d. there are no units
d. there are no units
Which of the following is true of the conservation of energy in a closed system? a. kinetic energy is always conserved b. potential energy is always conserved c. mechanical energy is always conserved d. total energy is always conserved
d. total energy is always conserved
(true or false) Acceleration is not a vector quantity.
false
(true or false) An object that has a negative acceleration must be slowing down.
false
(true or false) Displacement is not a vector quantity.
false
(true or false) Measurements of position, time, and velocity can be made without a frame of reference.
false
(true or false) There is not a difference between distance and displacement.
false
(true or false) Speed is a vector quantity.
false, it is a scalar
(true or false) Velocity is equal to distance divided by time.
false, it's DISPLACEMENT
accuracy
how close a measurement is to the actual value
distance
how far an object moves
precision
how repeatable a measurement is
A passenger on a bus is moving 15 m/s with respect to the ground starts walking toward the front of the bus with a speed of 2 m/s. What is the passenger's velocity with respect to the ground? A. 17 m/s B. 2 m/s C. 13 m/s D. Not moving
A. 17 m/s
Which of the following in NOT a vector quantity? A. Mass B. Displacement C. Average Velocity D. Acceleration
A. Mass
Which of the following is NOT part of the scientific method? A. Make and observation B. Analyze the data C. Make a conclusion D. Altering the data
D. Altering the data
The magnitude of the gravitational force acting on an object is: a. frictional force b. weight c. inertia d. mass
b. weight
If a nonzero net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely: a. at rest b. moving with a constant velocity c. being accelerated d. losing mass
c. being accelerated
Which of the following is the cause of an acceleration? a. speed b. inertia c. force d. velocity
c. force
A free-body diagram represents all of the following except: a. the object b. forces as vectors c. forces exerted by the object d. forces exerted on the object
c. forces exerted by the object
A newton is equivalent to which of the following quantities? a. kg b. kg x m/s c. kg x m/s^2 d kg x (m/s) ^2
c. kg x m/s^2
The length of a force vector represents the: a. cause of the force b. direction of the force c. magnitude of the force d. type of force
c. magnitude of the force
displacement
how far an object is from its initial position
free fall
only the force of gravity acts on an object - freely falling bodies undergo constant acceleration
Force
a push or pull - vector
Optics
studies behaviors of light
A change in the gravitational force acting on an object will the affect the object's: a. mass b. coefficient of static friction c. weight d. inertia
c. weight
Which of the following forces exists between objects even in the absence of direct physical contact? a. frictional force b. fundamental force c. contact force d. field force
d field force
speed
- Scalar equal to distance divided by time
Chapter 3: Two Directional Motion and Vectors
- add/subtract vectors - projectile motion
Chapter 4: Forces and the Laws of Motion
- free body diagram - force is a vector
Projectile motion `
- two-dimensional motion objects that are thrown or launched into the air and are subject due to gravity
Chapter 5: Work and Energy
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velocity
-Vector equal to displacement divided by time
Chapter 1 & 2
-look over position vs. time, velocity vs. time, acceleration vs. time graphs
The average velocity of an object can be calculated by: A. Displacement/Time B. Acceleration/Time C. Distance/Time D. Time/Displacement
A. Displacement/Time
What is the SI unit for length? A. Meter B. Foot. C. Kilometer D. Centimeter
A. Meter
An object that has a negative initial velocity and negative acceleration is: A. Speeding up B. Slowing down C. Not moving D. Speeding up or slowing down
A. Speeding up
What is the path of a projectile? A. A wavy line B. Hyperbola C. Parabola D. Straight line
C. Parabola
Which of the following is an example of projectile motion? A. A jet taking off B. A frog jumping into the water C. A train moving along a track D. A space shuttle orbiting the Earth
B. A frog jumping into the water
Bobby makes several measurements that are very close to the actual value. Bobby's measurements are: A. Accurate B. Accurate and Precise C. Precise D. None of these answers are correct
B. Accurate and Precise
In a diagram of a vector, the arrow represents: A. The size of the vector B. The direction of the vector C. Type of the vector D. Cause of the vector
B. The direction of the vector
An object in free fall experiences: A. Constant Velocity B. Constant Speed C. Constant Acceleration D. Constant Position
C. Constant Acceleration
How far an object has moved with respect to its starting point is known as: A. Distance B. Length C. Displacement D. Fathom
C. Displacement
A system for specifying the precise location of objects in space and time is: A. Frame of inference B. Physics C. Frame of reference D. Vector addition
C. Frame of reference
Newton's 2nd Law
F = ma or a = F/m
What happens to air resistance when an object accelerates?
It increases
Work is done on an object: a. whenever a force acts on the object b. whenever a force is perpendicular to the displacement of the object c. whenever a force causes a displacement of the object d. whenever a net force acts on the object
c. whenever a force causes a displacement of the object
Newton's 3rd Law
States that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction - Ma = m A
If the sign of work is negative, a. the force is in the same direction as the displacement b. the force is perpendicular to the displacement c. the component of the force that does the work is in the direction opposite the displacement d. the component of the force that does work is perpendicular to the displacement
c. the component of the force that does work is in the direction opposite the displacement
Vector
a quantity which has a magnitude and direction ex. velocity, displacement, force, momentum, acceleration
Scalar
a quantity which has magnitude but NO direction ex. mass, temperature, speed, time, distance
How does the elastic potential energy in a mass-spring system change if the displacement of the mass doubled? a. the elastic potential energy decreases to half its original value b. The elastic potential energy doubles c. the elastic potential energy increases or decreases by a factor of 4 d. the elastic potential energy does not change
c. the elastic potential energy increases or decreased by a factor of 4
Which statement about the acceleration of an object is correct? a. the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object b. the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and directly proportional to the mass of the object c. the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object d. the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net external force acting on the object and directly proportional to the mass of the object
a. the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
The projection of a vector along the axes of a coordinate system is called: a. a component of the vector b. a tangent of the vector c. the resultant of the vector d. the magnitude of the vector
a. the component of the vector
significant figures
add or subtract = decimal places multiply or divide = sig figs
Newton's 1st Law
an object in motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force - aka Law of Inertia
In which of the following cases is NO work done? a. a weightlifter lifts a barbell b. a weightlifter holds a barbell overhead c. a weightlifter slowly lowers a barbell d. a weightlifter drops a barbell and the barbell falls to the ground
b. a weightlifter holds a barbell overhead
Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion? a. acceleration b. inertia c. force d. velocity
b. inertia
Friction does -40 J of net work on a moving car. How does this affect the kinetic energy of the car? a. the kinetic energy increases by 400 J b. the kinetic energy decreased by 400 J c. the kinetic energy decreased by 160 kJ d. the kinetic energy does not change
b. the kinetic energy decreases by 400 J
free body diagrams
simple pictures that show the forces acting on an object (look over situations)
Electromagnetism
studies electricity, magnetism, and light
Thermodynamics
studies heat and temp.
Mechanics
studies motion
Relativity
studies particles moving at very high speeds
Vibrations and waves
studies repetitive motions
Quantum Mechanics
studies submicroscopic particles
Inertia
tendency to resist a change in motion - Newton's 1st Law
What is work?
the process of moving an object by applying a force W=Fd - Joules
acceleration
the rate at which velocity changes overtime - an object accelerates if its speed, direction or both change
physics
the study of the universe
resultant
the sum of two or more vectors
(true or false) The average velocity of a person that runs 1 complete lap around a track is 0.
true
(true or false) The slope of a position vs. time graph is equal to velocity.
true
Relative Velocity
velocity of one object with respect to another object
