Physics Final 1 Review

Which are simultaneous equal but opposite forces resulting from the interaction of two objects? a. net external forces b. field forces c. gravitational forces d. action-reaction pairs

d. action-reaction pairs

Which of the following does not affect gravitational potential energy? a. an object's mass b. an object's height relative to a zero level c. the free-fall acceleration d. an object's speed

d. an object's speed

Which of the following quantities used to describe motion is an example of vector quantity? a. distance b. speed c. time d. average velocity

d. average velocity

What causes a moving object to change direction? a. acceleration b. velocity c. inertia d. force

d. force

A measure of the quantity of matter is: a. density b. weight c. force d. mass

d. mass

What are the units of the coefficient of friction? a. N b. 1/N c. N^2 d. there are no units

d. there are no units

Which of the following is true of the conservation of energy in a closed system? a. kinetic energy is always conserved b. potential energy is always conserved c. mechanical energy is always conserved d. total energy is always conserved

d. total energy is always conserved

(true or false) Acceleration is not a vector quantity.

false

(true or false) An object that has a negative acceleration must be slowing down.

false

(true or false) Displacement is not a vector quantity.

false

(true or false) Measurements of position, time, and velocity can be made without a frame of reference.

false

(true or false) There is not a difference between distance and displacement.

false

(true or false) Speed is a vector quantity.

false, it is a scalar

(true or false) Velocity is equal to distance divided by time.

false, it's DISPLACEMENT

accuracy

how close a measurement is to the actual value

distance

how far an object moves

precision

how repeatable a measurement is

A passenger on a bus is moving 15 m/s with respect to the ground starts walking toward the front of the bus with a speed of 2 m/s. What is the passenger's velocity with respect to the ground? A. 17 m/s B. 2 m/s C. 13 m/s D. Not moving

A. 17 m/s

Which of the following in NOT a vector quantity? A. Mass B. Displacement C. Average Velocity D. Acceleration

A. Mass

Which of the following is NOT part of the scientific method? A. Make and observation B. Analyze the data C. Make a conclusion D. Altering the data

D. Altering the data

The magnitude of the gravitational force acting on an object is: a. frictional force b. weight c. inertia d. mass

b. weight

If a nonzero net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely: a. at rest b. moving with a constant velocity c. being accelerated d. losing mass

c. being accelerated

Which of the following is the cause of an acceleration? a. speed b. inertia c. force d. velocity

c. force

A free-body diagram represents all of the following except: a. the object b. forces as vectors c. forces exerted by the object d. forces exerted on the object

c. forces exerted by the object

A newton is equivalent to which of the following quantities? a. kg b. kg x m/s c. kg x m/s^2 d kg x (m/s) ^2

c. kg x m/s^2

The length of a force vector represents the: a. cause of the force b. direction of the force c. magnitude of the force d. type of force

c. magnitude of the force

displacement

how far an object is from its initial position

free fall

only the force of gravity acts on an object - freely falling bodies undergo constant acceleration

Force

a push or pull - vector

Optics

studies behaviors of light

A change in the gravitational force acting on an object will the affect the object's: a. mass b. coefficient of static friction c. weight d. inertia

c. weight

Which of the following forces exists between objects even in the absence of direct physical contact? a. frictional force b. fundamental force c. contact force d. field force

d field force

speed

- Scalar equal to distance divided by time

Chapter 3: Two Directional Motion and Vectors

- add/subtract vectors - projectile motion

Chapter 4: Forces and the Laws of Motion

- free body diagram - force is a vector

Projectile motion `

- two-dimensional motion objects that are thrown or launched into the air and are subject due to gravity

Chapter 5: Work and Energy

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velocity

-Vector equal to displacement divided by time

Chapter 1 & 2

-look over position vs. time, velocity vs. time, acceleration vs. time graphs

The average velocity of an object can be calculated by: A. Displacement/Time B. Acceleration/Time C. Distance/Time D. Time/Displacement

A. Displacement/Time

What is the SI unit for length? A. Meter B. Foot. C. Kilometer D. Centimeter

A. Meter

An object that has a negative initial velocity and negative acceleration is: A. Speeding up B. Slowing down C. Not moving D. Speeding up or slowing down

A. Speeding up

What is the path of a projectile? A. A wavy line B. Hyperbola C. Parabola D. Straight line

C. Parabola

Which of the following is an example of projectile motion? A. A jet taking off B. A frog jumping into the water C. A train moving along a track D. A space shuttle orbiting the Earth

B. A frog jumping into the water

Bobby makes several measurements that are very close to the actual value. Bobby's measurements are: A. Accurate B. Accurate and Precise C. Precise D. None of these answers are correct

B. Accurate and Precise

In a diagram of a vector, the arrow represents: A. The size of the vector B. The direction of the vector C. Type of the vector D. Cause of the vector

B. The direction of the vector

An object in free fall experiences: A. Constant Velocity B. Constant Speed C. Constant Acceleration D. Constant Position

C. Constant Acceleration

How far an object has moved with respect to its starting point is known as: A. Distance B. Length C. Displacement D. Fathom

C. Displacement

A system for specifying the precise location of objects in space and time is: A. Frame of inference B. Physics C. Frame of reference D. Vector addition

C. Frame of reference

Newton's 2nd Law

F = ma or a = F/m

What happens to air resistance when an object accelerates?

It increases

Work is done on an object: a. whenever a force acts on the object b. whenever a force is perpendicular to the displacement of the object c. whenever a force causes a displacement of the object d. whenever a net force acts on the object

c. whenever a force causes a displacement of the object

Newton's 3rd Law

States that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction - Ma = m A

If the sign of work is negative, a. the force is in the same direction as the displacement b. the force is perpendicular to the displacement c. the component of the force that does the work is in the direction opposite the displacement d. the component of the force that does work is perpendicular to the displacement

c. the component of the force that does work is in the direction opposite the displacement

Vector

a quantity which has a magnitude and direction ex. velocity, displacement, force, momentum, acceleration

Scalar

a quantity which has magnitude but NO direction ex. mass, temperature, speed, time, distance

How does the elastic potential energy in a mass-spring system change if the displacement of the mass doubled? a. the elastic potential energy decreases to half its original value b. The elastic potential energy doubles c. the elastic potential energy increases or decreases by a factor of 4 d. the elastic potential energy does not change

c. the elastic potential energy increases or decreased by a factor of 4

Which statement about the acceleration of an object is correct? a. the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object b. the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and directly proportional to the mass of the object c. the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object d. the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net external force acting on the object and directly proportional to the mass of the object

a. the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

The projection of a vector along the axes of a coordinate system is called: a. a component of the vector b. a tangent of the vector c. the resultant of the vector d. the magnitude of the vector

a. the component of the vector

significant figures

add or subtract = decimal places multiply or divide = sig figs

Newton's 1st Law

an object in motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force - aka Law of Inertia

In which of the following cases is NO work done? a. a weightlifter lifts a barbell b. a weightlifter holds a barbell overhead c. a weightlifter slowly lowers a barbell d. a weightlifter drops a barbell and the barbell falls to the ground

b. a weightlifter holds a barbell overhead

Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion? a. acceleration b. inertia c. force d. velocity

b. inertia

Friction does -40 J of net work on a moving car. How does this affect the kinetic energy of the car? a. the kinetic energy increases by 400 J b. the kinetic energy decreased by 400 J c. the kinetic energy decreased by 160 kJ d. the kinetic energy does not change

b. the kinetic energy decreases by 400 J

free body diagrams

simple pictures that show the forces acting on an object (look over situations)

Electromagnetism

studies electricity, magnetism, and light

Thermodynamics

studies heat and temp.

Mechanics

studies motion

Relativity

studies particles moving at very high speeds

Vibrations and waves

studies repetitive motions

Quantum Mechanics

studies submicroscopic particles

Inertia

tendency to resist a change in motion - Newton's 1st Law

What is work?

the process of moving an object by applying a force W=Fd - Joules

acceleration

the rate at which velocity changes overtime - an object accelerates if its speed, direction or both change

physics

the study of the universe

resultant

the sum of two or more vectors

(true or false) The average velocity of a person that runs 1 complete lap around a track is 0.

true

(true or false) The slope of a position vs. time graph is equal to velocity.

true

Relative Velocity

velocity of one object with respect to another object