Physics Honors Semester 1 Course Review

What is Newton's Second law?

F=ma

What is Newton's Third law?

Fab=-Fba

15.) Graph ABCD represents the motion of an object. Velocity is plotted against time.

For each segment in the graph, find the distance covered and the acceleration. Distance AB - distence0m Acceleration-0 m/s^2 BC - distance45m Acceleration-10 m/s^2 CD - distance120m Acceleration- 0 m/s DE - distance90m Acceleration- (-5 m/s)

My dog has a mass of 10kg when she stands with all four paws on the scale. What will her mass be is she stands on only her two hind legs?

10kg

A force of 35N is applied horizontally to a 4.0 kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal friction less surface. If the crate displaces 15m, what would be it's final velocity

16.2

A 3.0 kg block is on friction less horizontal surface. F1=10.0N and pulls to the left. F2=13.0N and pulls to the right. What is the acceleration of the block

1m/s^2

10.) A plane accelerates at 55 m/s2 from rest and lifts off the runway after 9 s. How far did it travel down the runway before lifting off?

2227.5 m

17.) The graph below shows the motion of a cat. During which time interval does the cat have the greatest positive velocity? How do you know?

From 0-0.5 seconds b/c it has a steeper slope

9.) A sailboat goes 161 km/h. How far has the boat traveled in 1.5 h?

241.5 km/h

Cart 1 has a mass of 1 kg. Cart 2 has a mass of 2 kg. They are pushed apart by a spring. The spring exerts 2N of force onto cart 1. How much force is exerted onto cart 2?

2N

A cart with weight of 400.0 N is accelerated across a level surface at 0.75m/s^2 . What net force acts on the wagon? (g=9.81m/s^2)

30.6N

A small plane has a mass of 3000kg and accelerates at 10m/s^2 down the runway. What is the magnitude of the force acting on the plane

30000

4.) A plane flies from point A to point B. B is 68 km west and 51 km south of A. Sketch a picture of this situation. What is the total displacement (magnitude and direction) of the plane?

36.8 degrees SW

14.) a ball falls freely from rest 73 m to the ground. What is the speed before impact?

37 m/s

27) If a freely falling object were dropped from rest and equipped with a speedometer, approximately what would the reading say after... a. 4.9 s? b. 16 s? c. 23 s? d. 105 s?

a. 48.02 m/s b. 156.8 m/s c. 288.12 m/s d. 1029 m/s

A boat goes 12 m/s due north against a current of 5 m/s. What is the resultant velocity of the boat?

7 m/s

13.) A runner starts from rest and after 3 s is running at 26 m/s. What is the runner's average acceleration?

8.6 m/s^2

What is a force?

A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. When the interaction ceases, the two objects no longer experience the force. Forces only exist as a result of an interaction.

If a non-zero net force is acting on an object, what's happening to the object

Acceleration

What is Newton's First Law?

An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion at a constant velocity will remain in motion at a constant velocity

How can you get a moving object to change direction

Apply a force in that direction greater than the original force

3.)Identify each of the following as vectors or scalars: a. mass of an object scalars b. volume of a liquid scalars c. number of petals on a rose scalars d. wind velocity velocity e. a cheetah's maximum speeds scalars f. time scalar g. force vector h. momentum vector

a. scalars b. scalars c. scalars d. velocity e. scalars f. scalar g. vector h. vector

Driving along one day, a giant beetle splatters against my windshield. Which is greater, the force acting on the windshield or the force acting on the beetle?

Equal and opposite directions

What is a net force?

Net force is the overall force acting on an object

What is friction?

The friction force is the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it. There are at least two types of friction force - sliding and static friction. Though it is not always the case, the friction force often opposes the motion of an object. For example, if a book slides across the surface of a desk, then the desk exerts a friction force in the opposite direction of its motion. Friction results from the two surfaces being pressed together closely, causing intermolecular attractive forces between molecules of different surfaces. As such, friction depends upon the nature of the two surfaces and upon the degree to which they are pressed together

What is a normal force?

The normal force is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. For example, if a book is resting upon a surface, then the surface is exerting an upward force upon the book in order to support the weight of the book. On occasions, a normal force is exerted horizontally between two objects that are in contact with each other. For instance, if a person leans against a wall, the wall pushes horizontally on the person.

What happens when the same force is applied to two objects of different masses

The same force is applied to both objects

A Corvette accelerates at a constant rate from rest to a speed of 23.4m/s in 7.00s. What is the displacement of the Corvette in this time interval?

Vi=32.4m/s Vf=64.24 t=.00s a=9.62 m/s^2 Corect answer:d=135.87

6.) Which pair of vectors will produce the resultant with the biggest magnitude?

a or d

29) On Mars a space rock is thrown horizontally with an initial velocity of 32.0 meters per second from the top of a mountain 96 meters high. (g = 3.71 m/s^2 and neglect air resistance) a. What is the initial vertical velocity of the rock? b. What is the initial horizontal velocity of the rock? c. How long does it take the rock to reach the ground? d. What is the horizontal velocity of the rock just before it reaches the ground? e. What is the vertical velocity of the rock just before it reaches the ground? f. What is the velocity of the rock just before it reaches the ground?

a. 0 m/s b. 32 m/s c. 7.19 s d. 32 m/s e. 26.68 m/s f. 41.7 m/s 40 degrees North East

16.) a velocity vector with a magnitude of 25.0 m/s at a heading of 60.0° to the +x-axis a. has what x-component? b.has what y-component?

a. 12.5 b. 21.7

Answer the questions that follow using the graph at the right. a. What is the speed of the object at the 7.0 second point? b. How far did the vehicle travel in the time interval shown? c. What is the acceleration of the vehicle between t = 2 s to 8 s d. Describe the velocity and acceleration of the vehicle. Velocity is... Acceleration is...

a. 4.5 m/s b. 35 m c. 0.5 m/s^2 d. Velocity is constantly increasing Acceleration is increasing at a constant rate and has a slope of a straight line

30) A baby is tossed from the edge of a plane. Its path is shown; air resistance is ignored. Use the picture below to answer the following questions. a. At what point is the baby's speed the least? b. At which position is the baby's speed about equal to the speed at which it was first released? c. At which position is it's vertical speed the greatest? d. At which position is it's horizontal speed the least?

a. B b. A & C c. D d. they are all equal

28) Answer the following questions about graphical analysis of motion: a. How do you find displacement from a velocity-time graph? b. How do you find the speed/velocity from a position/displacement-time graph? c. How do you find velocity from an acceleration-time graph? d. How do you find acceleration from a speed/velocity-time graph?

a. area under the curve b. slope c. area under the curve d. slope

Use the diagram at right 8.) to answer the following questions: a. Which displacement vectors have horizontal components? b. Which displacement vectors have vertical components? c. Which have components lying along the y-axis and are pointed in the -y-direction? d. Which have vertical components that are equal?

a. d1,d3,d4,d5 b. d1,d2,d3,d4,d5 c.d4,d5 d. d1,d3

11.) Answer the following questions about the graph to the right: a. What type of graph is shown? b. What information would we get from finding the slope of the line? c. What information would we get from finding the area under the curve? d. What is the acceleration at point A? e. What is acceleration at point B?

a.Velocity time graph b. Acceleration c. Displacement d. 1.33 m/s^2 e. 1.5 m/s^2

2.)A bird navigates 927 m west and 212 m north. Sketch a vector diagram of this motion and determine the magnitude and direction of the bird's displacement with respect to its original position.

direction of the birds displacement = 12.4 degrees NW c=950.9

12.) Acceleration can be a change in ______________or a change in ______________ .

speed direction