Physiology Ch 7, 8, 11, 12 Online Quizzes

If you were to record your own EEG activity while concentrating very hard on this exam, the most prominent EEG pattern would be 1. alpha rhythm. 2. beta rhythm. 3. delta rhythm. 4. theta rhythm.

2. beta rhythm.

A female has a blood test. One mL of her blood is drawn, sspun in a centrifuge, and the plasma volume is measured and found to be 0.6 mL. Two months later the same patient returns to the doctor and, after doing another blood test, the doctor tells the patient that she has become anemic compared to her previous visit. Which of the following is most likely to be the woman's hematocrit on the second visit? 1. 35% 2. 50% 3. 70% 4. 100% 5. 0.6 mL

1. 35%

Which is most likely TRUE of an endocrine cell that contains an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules? 1. It secretes a peptide/protein hormone. 2. It secretes its product by diffusion through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. 3. It secretes by endocytosis. 4. Its hormone product is synthesized from cholesterol. 5. It secretes a hormone with a hydrophobic structure.

1. It secretes a peptide/protein hormone.

Which is TRUE regarding the structure and synthesis of hormones? 1. Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol. 2. Thyroid hormones are catecholamines. 3. The hormones of the adrenal cortex have the same structure as the neurotransmitters of adrenergic neurons. 4. Most peptide hormones require binding proteins for transport in the blood. 5. Vasopressin is synthesized in the posterior pituitary.

1. Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol.

Which of the following does NOT describe erythrocytes? 1. contain myoglobin 2. have a high surface-to-volume ratio 3. carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood 4. are red in color 5. when mature, have no nucleus

1. contain myoglobin

Which of the following is not descriptive of REM sleep? 1. It is the period when dreaming occurs. 2. It normally occurs only once per night, usually just before waking up. 3. Postural muscles are virtually paralyzed during REM sleep. 4. EEG waves that resemble the awake state can be recorded during REM sleep. 5. Eyes move rapidly back and forth beneath closed lids.

2. It normally occurs only once per night, usually just before waking up.

Which is most likely a characteristic of cells that secrete steroid hormones? 1. They store large amounts of hormone. 2. They are characterized by abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and few secretory granules. 3. They contain large numbers of secretory granules. 4. They are found in the anterior pituitary gland. 5. They are found in the medulla of the adrenal gland.

2. They are characterized by abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and few secretory granules.

An electroencephalogram 1. is a record of action potentials in the brain. 2. records the potential difference between two points on the scalp's surface. 3. is a pattern of complex waves with amplitudes similar to those of action potentials.

2. records the potential difference between two points on the scalp's surface. 3. is a pattern of complex waves with amplitudes similar to those of action potentials.

It is believed that the rhythmic patterns of the EEG most likely originate from this structure in the brain. 1. hypothalamus 2. thalamus 3. basal ganglia 4. cerebellum 5. hippocampus

2. thalamus

Which does NOT apply to hormones? 1. They are chemical regulators that are conveyed from one organ to another via the bloodstream. 2. In some cases, the same chemical substances can also function as local regulators and/or neurotransmitters. 3. All hormones are derived from cholesterol. 4. They are secreted into the blood by ductless glands. 5. They are sometimes secreted by neural tissue.

3. All hormones are derived from cholesterol.

Which of the following statements regarding sensory systems is correct? 1. All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation. 2. Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction. 3. The term "sensory unit" refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors. 4. The term "adequate stimulus" means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected. 5. Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.

3. The term "sensory unit" refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.

Which is TRUE about receptor potentials? 1. They are action potentials. 2. They always trigger action potentials. 3. They vary in magnitude with stimulus strength. 4. They propagate without decrement. 5. They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.

3. They vary in magnitude with stimulus strength.

A sensory unit is defined as 1. all of the sensory receptors in a given area of the body that respond to the same stimulus. 2. a single receptor ending and its afferent nerve fiber. 3. a single afferent neuron and all its receptor endings. 4. an afferent neuron and its postsynaptic interneurons. 5. a reflex composed of an afferent neuron, an interneuron, and an efferent neuron.

3. a single afferent neuron and all its receptor endings.

The alpha rhythm is the most prominent EEG pattern when an adult is 1. in REM sleep. 2. in non-REM sleep. 3. awake and relaxed with eyes open. 4. awake and thinking hard about something.

3. awake and relaxed with eyes open.

What is the term that describes the production of red blood cells? 1. hemagglutination 2. erythrocytosis 3. erythropoiesis 4. erythroblastosis 5. hemostasis

3. erythropoiesis

Which best describes the process of "adaptation" in sensory receptors? 1. Information from sensory receptors reaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it. 2. Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity. 3. Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body. 4. A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus. 5. A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases.

4. A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus.

Which is TRUE about the condition anemia? 1. It can be caused by too little iron in the diet. 2. It can be caused by kidney failure. 3. It can be caused by abnormal hemoglobin. 4. It results in reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. 5. All of the above are true.

5. All of the above are true.

Which of the following statements about sleep is correct? 1. Sleep typically occurs in stages in which a subject goes through progressively deeper stages of sleep and then awakens. 2. Sleep typically occurs in cycles in which a subject will cycle through various stages of slow-wave sleep punctuated by paradoxical sleep several times during one bout of sleep. 3. During REM sleep, blood pressure and breathing rate become elevated. 4. Both "sleep typically occurs in stages in which a subject goes through progressively deeper stages of sleep and then awakens" and "during REM sleep, blood pressure and breathing rate become elevated" are correct. 5. Both "sleep typically occurs in cycles in which a subject will cycle through various stages of slow-wave sleep punctuated by paradoxical sleep several times during one bout of sleep" and "during REM sleep, blood pressure and breathing rate become elevated" are correct.

5. Both "sleep typically occurs in cycles in which a subject will cycle through various stages of slow-wave sleep punctuated by paradoxical sleep several times during one bout of sleep" and "during REM sleep, blood pressure and breathing rate become elevated" are correct.

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the endocrine system? 1. It is one of two major regulatory systems of the body. 2. It is composed of glands that secrete chemical messengers into the blood. 3. It is an important regulator of homeostatic mechanisms. 4. It influences and is influenced by the nervous system. 5. Most of its components are anatomically connected, like most other systems of the body.

5. Most of its components are anatomically connected, like most other systems of the body.

What is the best definition of the "receptive field" of an afferent neuron? 1. The number of interneurons with which the central process of the afferent neuron makes synaptic contact via divergence. 2. The type of stimulus energy to which the afferent neuron is most sensitive. 3. All of the interneuron cell bodies and dendrites onto which the afferent neuron synapses. 4. The area of the cerebral cortex in which information from that afferent neuron is initially received. 5. The area of the body that, when stimulated, leads to activity in that particular afferent neuron.

5. The area of the body that, when stimulated, leads to activity in that particular afferent neuron.

Which of the following is NOT primarily a function of blood plasma? 1. transport of hormones 2. being in osmotic balance with red blood cells 3. having plasma proteins that exert an osmotic pressure favoring fluid absorption into the capillaries 4. providing clotting factors that are ready to be activated 5. transport of oxygen

5. transport of oxygen

A high-amplitude, spike-wave EEG pattern is characteristic of someone in a coma. True False

False (epilepsy)

EEG arousal is the recording of brain activity of someone who has just been awakened from sleep. True False

False (the transformation from alpha rhythm to beta rhythm)

A "sensation" is any sensory information that reaches the brain. True False

False

Rapidly adapting receptors are important for detecting the continued presence of a stimulus. True False

False

Steroid hormones are stored in the cells that synthesize them until a stimulus is received that provokes their secretion. True False

False

Systolic pressure is the peak pressure in systemic arteries and occurs at the beginning of systole. True False

False

The Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart states that an increased venous return will normally result in a higher heart rate. True False

False

The greater the magnitude of the receptor potential generated by a stimulus, the greater the amplitude of the action potentials the receptor potential induces. True False

False

The stroke volume of the heart can be increased by recruiting more cardiac muscle fibers into activity. True False

False

The process by which sensory receptors change various forms of energy into electrical energy is called translation. True False

False (transduction)

Dreaming occurs when one is in NREM sleep. True False

False (REM)

An endocrine cell that contains an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and many secretory granules is likely to secrete a peptide hormone. True False

True

Most amine and peptide hormones circulate in the plasma as free hormones, whereas steroid hormones are mostly bound to circulating binding proteins. True False

True

Ovaries synthesize as much androgen as they do estrogen. True False

True

Perceptions are derived from higher-order processing of sensory information. True False

True

The EEG tracing of a relaxed individual who has closed eyes and is not concentrating on anything in particular is mainly an alpha rhythm. True False

True

The Frank-Starling curve for heart muscle is analagous to a length-tension curve in skeletal muscle. True False

True

The adrenal cortex secretes androgens. True False

True

Ventricular contractility is the strength of ventricular contraction at any given end-diastolic volume. True False

True