PN: Vaccines - [HESI, Chapter 5]
When does the nurse administer the (Tdap) vaccine?
11 to 12 years.
Human papillomavirus (HPV 2) is given in a 3 dose series between ____________ and ____________ years.
11/12
The meningococcal vaccine is given first at _____________ to _____________ years and again as a booster between _____________ and _____________ years.
11/12/16/18
A child must be at least __________ months old to administer the chickenpox (varicella) vaccine.
12
Screenings for tuberculosis (TB) should begin as early as ____________ months of age.
12
When do we give the chickenpox (varicella) vaccine?
12 to 15 Months 4 to 6 Years
Hepatitis A vaccine (Hep A) is given in a two dose series from ____________ to ____________ months.
12/23
When does the nurse give the rotavirus (RV) vaccine?
2/4/6 Rule!
When does the nurse administer pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13)?
2/4/6 Rule! 12 to 15 Months!
Children at high risk of haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) who were NOT immunized previously should be immunized by age ___________.
5
In times of measles epidemics it is possible to give protection at ___________ months and repeat the MMR at __________ months.
6/15
DTaP is NOT given to children after their __________ birthday, instead the patient receives __________ which contains full strength protection against tetanus and lesser strength diphtheria protection.
7/Td
When is inactive polio vaccine (IPV) given?
A Four Doser! 2/4/6 rule extended to 18 month boosters! 4 to 6 Years
When is haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine given?
A Four Doser! 2/4/6 Rule 12 to 15 Months
When is MMR given?
A Two Doser: 12 to 15 Months 4 to 6 Years or 11 to 12 Years
With vaccines ________________ can be administered orally every 4 to 6 hours.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
We use ___________ in children with fevers. We use ___________ in children with itching.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)/diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl)
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) should be given when in patients receiving DTaP? What is the normal dosage of Acetaminophen?
After the administration of DTaP. The normal dosage of acetaminophen is 10 to 15 mg/kg.
DTaP is contraindicated in clients with a history of what 4 things?
Anaphylactic Reactions Seizures Neurologic Encephalopathy
Avoid ____________ for children with fevers.
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
What is the common reaction in hepatitis B (HBV) vaccines?
Bakers Yeast
What decreases soreness to the thigh after injections?
Bicycling Of The Legs Warm Washcloth
When do we give the hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine?
Birth 1 to 2 Months 6 to 18 Months
It is a viral disease characterized by skin lesions.
Chickenpox (Varicella)
The __________________ vaccine is safe for children with asymptomatic HIV.
Chickenpox (Varicella)
What vaccine is a school entry requirement in almost all states?
Chickenpox (Varicella)
A ___________________ rash begins on the face and moves downward.
Confluent
What 2 bacterial infections and condition is DTaP used for?
Diptheria Pertussis Tetanus
How is pertussis transmitted?
Direct Contact Droplet
How is chickenpox (varicella) and pertussis transmitted?
Direct Contact Droplet Spread Freshly Contaminated Objects
The MMR vaccine is contraindicated in individuals allergic to _____________ and ______________.
Eggs/Neomycin
What illnesses does haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) protect against?
Epiglottitis Bacterial Meningitis Septic Arthritis
What does haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine protect against?
Epiglottitis Bacterial Meningitis Septic Arthritis Sickle Cell Anemia
What medication is used in pertussis treatment?
Erythromycin
The Tine test is an appropriate test to validate tuberculosis (TB). T/F
False. The multiple puncture tests are unreliable and should not be used to determine the presence of tuberculosis (TB).
Mumps symptoms include what?
Fever HA Malaise Parotid Gland Swelling Tenderness Submaxillary/Sublingual Infection Orchitis Meningoencephalitis
In the prodromal period of Rubeola (German Measles) what two signs and symptoms (S/S) does the nurse see?
Fever Upper Respiratory Symptoms
Chickenpox (varicella) is communicable from what period to what period?
From the time of the prodromal period to the time all lesions have crusted.
What is another name for Rubeola?
German Measles
What are Koplik spots?
Grey to white spots on buccal mucosa.
MMR can be given to what 2 kinds of patients?
HIV/Breastfeeding Mothers
__________ and ___________ combinations should not be used at 2, 4, and 6 months.
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)/TDaP
____________________ vaccine may be given to newborns prior to discharge. All children up to 18 years of age should be vaccinated.
Hepatitis B (HBV)
The MMR is contraindicated in patients who are __________________ or __________________.
Immunosuppressed/Pregnant
How do we administer haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)?
Intramuscular (IM)
We give DTaP via ___________ route separate from other vaccines.
Intramuscular (IM)
What are normal side effects of DTaP and inactive polio vaccine (IPV)?
Irritability Fever (<102) Redness/Soreness at the injection site for 2 to 3 days are normal.
What is common to see 2 weeks after MMR administration and should not cause any alarm?
It is common to see a light transient rash.
What does a positive Mantoux test reveal?
It reveals exposure to M. tuberculosis.
We can give the ________ and ________ vaccines together or ________ days apart.
MMR/Chickenpox (Varicella)/30
What words describe the stages of skin legions of chickenpox (Varicella)?
Macular: Raised/Depressed Skin Color Changes. Papular: A small bump or pimple. Vesicular: Small sacklike bodies. Pustular: Pus
What 2 screenings can we give a tuberculosis (TB) patients?
Mantoux Test w/tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) Tine Test
What 3 viruses does the MMR offer protection against?
Measles Mumps Rubella
Name 3 ways to prevent a child from scratching his or her skin.
Mittens Soothing Baths Cut Nails
Has an intubation period of 14 to 21 days.
Mumps
Inactive polio vaccine (IPV) is contraindicated for those with a history of ______________ or _______________ reactions.
Neomycin Streptomycin
What is another name for mumps?
Paramyxovirus
Infestation of lice on human scalps or hair and appears as white flakes along the shaft of hair.
Pediculosis
Name 2 medications used in the treatment of killing lice.
Permethrin Pyrethrin
What should be obtained prior to administration of certain immunizations because reactions to previous immunizations or current health conditions may contraindicate current immunizations.
Pertinent Health History
Is characterized by a paroxysmal stage of prolonged crowing or whooping upon inspiration that lasts 4 to 6 weeks.
Pertussis
It is an acute infectious respiratory disease that usually occurs in infancy.
Pertussis
It is caused by an upper respiratory disease from gram negative bacillus.
Pertussis
Whooping Cough
Pertussis
The characteristic 3 signs and symptoms (S/S) of Rubeola (German Measles)?
Photophobia Koplek Spots Confluent Rash
What are 3 complications of pertussis?
Pneumonia Hemorrhage Seizures
Rubeola (Measles) is transmitted during the __________________ period, which is characterized by fever and upper respiratory symptoms.
Prodromal
Is characterized by a red maculopapular rash that starts on the face and rapidly spreads to the entire body. The rash disappears within 3 days.
Rubeola (Measles)
It is a highly contagious viral disease that can lead to neurologic problems or death.
Rubeola (Measles)
What disease in children poses a serious threat to their unborn sibling?
Rubeola (Measles)
With all vaccines we call the health care provider (HCP) if what symptoms occur in an infant?
Seizures High Fever High Pitched Cry
MMR is given _________ (route) at separate sites.
Sub-Q
What type of injection invalidates the Mantoux test?
Subcutaneous (Sub-Q)
How do we administer inactive polio vaccine (IPV)?
Subcutaneously (Sub-Q) or intramuscular (IM) at separate sites.
If DTaP is contraindicated, give the patient ___________, full strength diphtheria and tetanus without pertussis vaccine, until 7th birthday.
Td
When is DTaP given?
The Five Doser! 2/4/6 Rule 15 to 18 Months! 4 to 6 Years
How does chickenpox (varicella) legions spread?
They start from the trunk and spread to the face and proximal extremities.
Consists of 4 prongs pressed into the forearms.
Tine Test
Rubeola (Measles) is transmitted via droplets from infected persons? T/F
True
Chickenpox (Varicella) lesions begin on the _______________ and spread to the face and proximal extremities.
Trunk
This vaccine offers protection against chickenpox.
Varicella
Does the nurse report occurrence of pertussis to the health department?
Yes
