PoM 16
A modification of the needs hierarchy theory that proposes three categories of needs—existence, relatedness, and growth—is called the
ERG theory
Highroller Casinos provides good salaries and benefits, including bonuses of up to 25% of annual salaries. However, the company has been criticized for not establishing an achievement or recognition program for its employees. Which of the following best describes the company in terms of the two-factor theory?
Good hygiene factors and inadequate motivators
The desire to form close personal relationships, avoid conflict, and establish warm friendships describes
a need for affiliation
Empowering employees means giving employees
all of these
Which of the following is the degree to which the worker has freedom, discretion, and self-determination in planning and carrying out tasks?
autonomy
Which of the following is the name given to the set of techniques by which reinforcement theory is used to modify human behavior?
behavioral modification
Which need describes the desire to be accepted by one's peers, have friendships, be part of a group, and be loved?
belongingness needs
Ryzard, a sales associate at an electronics store, learns that his base pay is higher than any other sales associate in the store. He justifies his higher salary with the idea that he must be a top sales associate, generating more revenue than anyone else. This example demonstrates which method for reducing perceived inequity?
changing perceptions
Which of the following is not a need proposed by Maslow in his hierarchy of needs theory?
compensation needs
Recent research shows that the top reason people leave their jobs is because they
don't feel appreciated
Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic reward?
employees feelings of self worth
Shifting power down from the top of the organization and sharing it with employees to enable them to achieve goals is known as
empowerment
The delegation of power and authority to subordinates is referred to as
empowerment
Which of the following is power sharing, or the delegation of power or authority to subordinates in an organization?
empowerment
Which of these theories deals with employees' perception of fairness?
equity
Which theory focuses on an individual's perceptions of how fairly he or she is treated relative to others?
equity theory
Nely is motivated by a strong need for recognition and is continually seeking credit for his contributions to the organization. According to Maslow, Nely is motivated by which category of needs?
esteem
Which of the following is based on the relationships between effort, performance, and outcomes?
expectancy theory
One of your fellow team members at work is continually disrupting the team's work with jokes and general horseplay. You hope that by ignoring him he will stop this senseless behavior. You are attempting to use which reinforcement tool?
extinction
Which of the following refers to a reward given by another person?
extrinsic
In goal-setting theory, which term refers to the need to get information to people about how well they are doing in progressing toward goal achievement?
feedback
Which of the following is the extent to which doing the job provides information back to the employee about his or her performance?
feedback
In goal-setting theory, which of the following refers to the idea that employees have to "buy into" goals?
goal acceptance
Which term, in goal-setting theory, refers to the need to make goals highly ambitious but achievable?
goal difficulty
In goal-setting theory, which of the following refers to the degree to which goals are concrete and unambiguous?
goal specificity
A content theory that proposes that people are motivated by five categories of needs—physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization—that exist in a hierarchical order is called the
hierarchy of needs theory
Which of the following is a content theory that proposes that people are motivated by physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs?
hierarchy of needs theory
The majority of hourly workers at Formatting Unlimited are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. What would Herzberg recommend if your goal were to increase their level of satisfaction?
increase the level of motivators
Which of the following systematically moves employees from one job to another, thereby increasing the number of different tasks an employee performs without increasing the complexity of any one job?
job rotation
Which of the following are high-level needs, according to Herzberg, and include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and opportunity for growth?
motivators
Which of the following have the greatest impact, according to Herzberg, on job satisfaction?
motivators
Daphne has a desire to influence others, be responsible for them, and have authority over them. It can be described as her
need for power
Tanek is a manager at Chuck's Construction. He sees little opportunity for advancement at Chuck's Construction, regardless of how well he performs. Which of the following expectancies is low for Tanek?
p, o expectancy
Which of the following involves whether successful performance will lead to the desired outcome?
p, o expectancy
Which of the following needs describes the most basic human physical needs, including food, water, and oxygen?
physiological needs
Braden publicly praises his employees when they have achieved their goals. Braden hopes this will increase the likelihood of goal achievement in the future. This is an example of
positive reinforcement
Which of the following is the administration of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behavior?
positive reinforcement
One of your fellow students is continually late to class. The professor has tried numerous verbal warnings and recently took points away from the student's grade. Based on the above, the professor's actions are consistent with which of the following reinforcement techniques?
punishment
Which of the following theories places an emphasis on behavior and its consequences?
reinforcement theory
According to Maslow, the highest order needs are
self-actualization needs
Which theory proposes that an individual's motivation can result not just from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from the person's thoughts and beliefs and his or her observations of other people's behavior?
social learning theory
The degree to which the job is perceived as important and having impact on the company or customers is referred to as
task significance
The idea that failure to meet a high-order need may cause a regression to an already satisfied lower-order need is referred to as
the frustration-regression principle.
Abbey works at Railroad Ties. Her bosses continually indicate that her motivational level is low. Abbey agrees but is unwilling to work harder until the company changes the types of reward it offers its employees. Which of the following is low for Abbey?
valence
At Rightway Industries, new hires spend a significant portion of their first week of training just walking around the factory, observing other workers, and watching them be rewarded for doing their jobs well. This is an example of
vicarious learning
Which of the following occurs when an individual sees others perform certain behaviors and get rewarded for them?
vicarious learning